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The Nuanced Role of Government Credit on Monetary Policy Transmission

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  • Leila Aghabarari
  • Sophia Chen
  • Deniz Igan
  • Bernardus Van Doornik

Abstract

We investigate the role of government credit in monetary policy transmission, using detailed credit registry data from Brazil. We find that government direct credit can effectively support small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in a tight monetary policy environment, aligning with developmental objectives. But it comes at the cost of diminishing the overall effectiveness of monetary policy transmission. We also uncover complexities introduced by government-subsidized lending, where the impact of monetary policy transmission is influenced by factors such as credit market segments, lending relationships, and prevailing monetary policy conditions. These insights provide valuable guidance for policymakers on the transmission of monetary policy and the trade-offs involved in government credit programs.

Suggested Citation

  • Leila Aghabarari & Sophia Chen & Deniz Igan & Bernardus Van Doornik, 2025. "The Nuanced Role of Government Credit on Monetary Policy Transmission," Working Papers Series 636, Central Bank of Brazil, Research Department.
    • Handle: RePEc:bcb:wpaper:636
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bonomo, Marco & Brito, Ricardo D. & Martins, Bruno, 2015. "The after crisis government-driven credit expansion in Brazil: A firm level analysis," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 111-134.
    2. Jiménez, Gabriel & Ongena, Steven & Peydró, José-Luis & Saurina, Jesús, 2012. "Credit Supply and Monetary Policy: Identifying the Bank Balance-Sheet Channel with Loan Applications," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 102(5), pages 2301-2326.
    3. Jeremy C. Stein & Anil K. Kashyap, 2000. "What Do a Million Observations on Banks Say about the Transmission of Monetary Policy?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 90(3), pages 407-428, June.
    4. Beck, Thorsten & Klapper, Leora F. & Mendoza, Juan Carlos, 2010. "The typology of partial credit guarantee funds around the world," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 6(1), pages 10-25, April.
    5. Lee, Seungyoon & Bowdler, Christopher, 2019. "Banking sector globalization and monetary policy transmission: Evidence from Asian countries," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 101-116.
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