Research classified by Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) codes

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Top JEL
/ O: Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth
/ / O3: Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights
/ / / O30: General
/ / / O31: Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
/ / / O32: Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
/ / / O33: Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes
/ / / O34: Intellectual Property and Intellectual Capital
/ / / O35: Social Innovation
/ / / O36: Open Innovation
/ / / O38: Government Policy
/ / / O39: Other

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This JEL code is mentioned in the following RePEc Biblio entries:

1. Technology Assessment
2. Health Technology Assessment

2022

• Josep Pinyol Alberich, 2022, "Motivations of European Union Members States to Adopt Circular Economy Strategies: Towards a Critical Geopolitical Approach," Journal of Innovation Economics, De Boeck Université, volume 0, issue 3, pages 45-72.
• Chloé Alexandre & Aurélie Toillier & Sophie Mignon, 2022, "Exploring the Nature of Dynamic Capabilities and Enabling Environments for Service Innovation in the Global South: The Case of Digital Agro-advisory Services in Burkina Faso," Journal of Innovation Economics, De Boeck Université, volume 0, issue 3, pages 241-273.
• Luintel, Kul B & Pourpourides, Panayiotis M., 2022, "New Results and a Model of Scale Effects on Growth," Cardiff Economics Working Papers, Cardiff University, Cardiff Business School, Economics Section, number E2022/19, Dec.
• Filippo Mezzanotti & Timothy Simcoe, 2022, "Innovation and Appropriability: Revisiting the Role of Intellectual Property," Working Papers, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau, number 22-09, Mar.
• Ufuk Akcigit & Nathan Goldschlag, 2022, "Measuring the Characteristics and Employment Dynamics of U.S. Inventors," Working Papers, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau, number 22-43, Sep.
• Laura Alfaro & Cathy Bao & Maggie X. Chen & Junjie Hong & Claudia Steinwender, 2022, "Omnia Juncta in Uno*: foreign powers and trademark protection in Shanghai's concession era," CEP Discussion Papers, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE, number dp1827, Feb.
• R. Boffardi & P. Di Caro & R. Arbolino, 2022, "Making the EU cohesion policy work to support exports at time of Covid-19: Evidence on the Italian regions," International Economics, CEPII research center, issue 172, pages 190-202.
• Andersen, Lars Harhoff & Bentzen, Jeanet, 2022, "In the Name of God! Religiosity and the Transition to Modern Growth," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 16938, Jan.
• Alfaro, Laura & Bao, Cathy & Chen, Maggie & Hong, Junjie & Steinwender, Claudia, 2022, "Omnia Juncta in Uno: Foreign Powers and Trademark Protection in Shanghai's Concession Era," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 16987, Feb.
• Alcedo, Joel & Cavallo, Alberto & Dwyer, Bricklin & Mishra, Prachi & Spilimbergo, Antonio, 2022, "E-commerce During Covid: Stylized Facts from 47 Economies," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 17001, Feb.
• Hanlon, W. Walker, 2022, "The Rise of the Engineer: Inventing the Professional Inventor During the Industrial Revolution," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 17013, Feb.
• Grimm, Niklas & Laeven, Luc & Popov, Alexander, 2022, "Quantitative Easing and Corporate Innovation," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 17280, May.
• Korinek, Anton & Balwit, Avital, 2022, "Aligned with Whom? Direct and social goals for AI systems," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 17298, May.
• Hanlon, W. Walker & Heblich, Stephan & Monte, Ferdinando & Schmitz, Martin, 2022, "A Penny for Your Thoughts," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 17323, May.
• Atkin, David & Chen, Keith & Popov, Anton, 2022, "The Returns to Face-to-Face Interactions: Knowledge Spillovers in Silicon Valley," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 17377, Jun.
• Korinek, Anton & Juelfs, Megan, 2022, "Preparing for the (Non-Existent?) Future of Work," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 17438, Jul.
• Chu, Angus C. & Wang, Xilin, 2022, "Effects Of R&D Subsidies In A Hybrid Model Of Endogenous Growth And Semi-Endogenous Growth," Macroeconomic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, volume 26, issue 3, pages 813-832, April.
• Xiaoyang Zhu, 2022, "Corporate tax competition and innovation: An inverted-U relationship," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, volume 42, issue 2, pages 447-457.
• Stéphane Ciriani & François Jeanjean, 2022, "Competition, technological change and productivity gains: a European sectoral analysis," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, volume 42, issue 2, pages 927-946.
• Jacques Simon Song & Hervé William Mougnol A Ekoula & Adalbert Abraham Ghislain Melingui Bate, 2022, "Does ICTs diffusion increase bilateral trade in Africa? Empirical evidence using an augmented gravity model," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, volume 42, issue 2, pages 810-826.
• Akira Yakita, 2022, "Automation, fertility, and labor share in an aging, overlapping generations economy," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, volume 42, issue 2, pages 889-894.
• Nodir Adilov & Peter Alexander & Brendan Cunningham & Nikolas Albertson, 2022, "An analysis of launch cost reductions for low Earth orbit satellites," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, volume 42, issue 3, pages 1561-1574.
• Christina Bampatsou & George Halkos, 2022, "Meta-frontier analysis of technology gap for efficiency and productivity comparisons across different sub-groups of EU-27 countries," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, volume 42, issue 3, pages 1413-1421.
• Isaac Ketu & Jules-Eric Tchapchet Tchouto & Arsene Mouongue Kelly, 2022, "Does infrastructure development drive economic complexity in African countries?," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, volume 42, issue 4, pages 2043-2053.
• Daniel de Cerqueira Lima e Penalva Santos & Juliana Berendt Ihler & Laene Oliveira Soares & Yana Amaral Alves & Cristina Gomez Souza & Ronney Arismel Mancebo Boloy, 2022, "Global Trends and Opportunities in Hybrid Microgrid Systems Using Renewable Energies," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, volume 12, issue 4, pages 263-273, July.
• Ahmed Al-Salaymeh & Sara AlTwassi & Rasha AlBeek & Kholoud Hassouneh & Diana Athamneh & Noor Eldin Alkiswani & Rashed Manna & Natalie Asfour, 2022, "Smart Meters Rollout in Jordan: Opportunities, Business Models, Challenges, and Recommendations," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, volume 12, issue 4, pages 394-408, July.
• Costa, Naijela Silveira da & Ferraz, Diogo & Moralles, Herick Fernando & Nascimento, Daisy do, 2022, "Complejidad económica y desarrollo humano: comparación de modelos de análisis envolvente de datos estándar y basado en holguras," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), August.
• Costa, Naijela Silveira da & Ferraz, Diogo & Moralles, Herick Fernando & Nascimento, Daisy do, 2022, "Economic complexity and human development: comparing standard and slack-based data envelopment analysis models," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), August.
• Alderete, María Verónica, 2022, "El efecto de la banda ancha en el crecimiento económico de América Latina: una aproximación basada en un modelo de ecuaciones simultáneas," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), December.
• Alderete, María Verónica, 2022, "The effect of broadband on economic growth in Latin America: an approach based on a simultaneous equations model," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), December.
• Niu, Geng & Jin, XiaoShu & Wang, Qi & Zhou, Yang, 2022, "Broadband infrastructure and digital financial inclusion in rural China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, volume 76, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.chieco.2022.101853.
• Grieser, William & Maturana, Gonzalo & Spyridopoulos, Ioannis & Truffa, Santiago, 2022, "Agglomeration, knowledge spillovers, and corporate investment," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, volume 77, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2022.102289.
• Wang, Lan-Hsun & Liao, Shu-Yi & Huang, Mao-Lung, 2022, "The growth effects of knowledge-based technological change on Taiwan’s industry: A comparison of R&D and education level," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, volume 73, issue C, pages 525-545, DOI: 10.1016/j.eap.2021.12.009.
• Liu, Yang & Dilanchiev, Azer & Xu, Kaifei & Hajiyeva, Aytan Merdan, 2022, "Financing SMEs and business development as new post Covid-19 economic recovery determinants," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, volume 76, issue C, pages 554-567, DOI: 10.1016/j.eap.2022.09.006.
• Maurya, Garima & Sahu, Sohini, 2022, "Cross-country variations in economic complexity: The role of individualism," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, volume 115, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2022.105961.
• Lestage, Romain & Li, Youping, 2022, "Input price discrimination can encourage downstream investment and increase welfare," Economics Letters, Elsevier, volume 217, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.econlet.2022.110697.
• Fedyunina, Anna & Radosevic, Slavo, 2022, "The relationship between R&D, innovation and productivity in emerging economies: CDM model and alternatives," Economic Systems, Elsevier, volume 46, issue 3, DOI: 10.1016/j.ecosys.2022.100998.
• Li, Lei & Ma, Shaojun & Zheng, Yilin & Ma, Xiaoyu & Duan, Kaifeng, 2022, "Do regional integration policies matter? Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment on heterogeneous green innovation," Energy Economics, Elsevier, volume 116, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2022.106426.
• Feng, Siyu & Lazkano, Itziar, 2022, "Innovation trends in electricity storage: What drives global innovation?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, volume 167, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2022.113084.
• Novikova, Tatyana S., 2022, "Investments in research infrastructure on the project level: Problems, methods and mechanisms," Evaluation and Program Planning, Elsevier, volume 91, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2021.102018.
• Murinde, Victor & Rizopoulos, Efthymios & Zachariadis, Markos, 2022, "The impact of the FinTech revolution on the future of banking: Opportunities and risks," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, volume 81, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.irfa.2022.102103.
• Chen, Victor Zitian & Shapiro, Daniel M. & Li, Jing, 2022, "Cross-border acquisitions and R&D: Unpacking the impact on acquirers and targets," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, volume 47, issue PB, DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2022.102691.
• Khanna, Rupika & Sharma, Chandan, 2022, "Impact of information technology on firm performance: New evidence from Indian manufacturing," Information Economics and Policy, Elsevier, volume 60, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.infoecopol.2022.100986.
• Martins, João & Veiga, Linda Gonçalves, 2022, "Digital government as a business facilitator," Information Economics and Policy, Elsevier, volume 60, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.infoecopol.2022.100990.
• Liu, An-Hsiang & Siebert, Ralph B., 2022, "The competitive effects of declining entry costs over time: Evidence from the static random access memory market," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, volume 80, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.ijindorg.2021.102797.
• Battiston, Pietro & Sacco, Pier Luigi & Stanca, Luca, 2022, "Cover effects on citations uncovered: Evidence from Nature," Journal of Informetrics, Elsevier, volume 16, issue 2, DOI: 10.1016/j.joi.2022.101293.
• Boffardi, R. & Di Caro, P. & Arbolino, R., 2022, "Making the EU cohesion policy work to support exports at time of Covid-19: Evidence on the Italian regions," International Economics, Elsevier, volume 172, issue C, pages 190-202, DOI: 10.1016/j.inteco.2022.09.008.
• Chen, Yongmin & Jiang, Haiwei & Liang, Yousha & Pan, Shiyuan, 2022, "The impact of foreign direct investment on innovation: Evidence from patent filings and citations in China," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, volume 50, issue 4, pages 917-945, DOI: 10.1016/j.jce.2022.05.005.
• Terranova, Roberta & Turco, Enrico M., 2022, "Concentration, stagnation and inequality: An agent-based approach," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, volume 193, issue C, pages 569-595, DOI: 10.1016/j.jebo.2021.11.002.
• Reddy, Ketan & Sasidharan, Subash & Doytch, Nadia, 2022, "Outward foreign direct investment and domestic innovation efforts: Evidence from India," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, volume 122, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jeconbus.2022.106084.
• Barrios, John M. & Hochberg, Yael V. & Yi, Hanyi, 2022, "Launching with a parachute: The gig economy and new business formation," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, volume 144, issue 1, pages 22-43, DOI: 10.1016/j.jfineco.2021.12.011.
• Brasch, Annika & Eierle, Brigitte & Jarvis, Robin, 2022, "Research and development investments, development costs capitalization, and credit ratings: Exploratory evidence from UK R&D-active private firms," Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, Elsevier, volume 48, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2022.100485.
• Ahmed, M. Iqbal & Farah, Quazi Fidia, 2022, "On the macroeconomic effects of news about innovations of information technology," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, volume 71, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jmacro.2021.103389.
• Lee, Zeewan, 2022, "Returning to work: The role of soft skills and automatability on unretirement decisions," The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, Elsevier, volume 22, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100381.
• Kunst, David & Freeman, Richard B. & Oostendorp, Remco, 2022, "Occupational Skill Premia around the World: New Data, Patterns and Drivers," Labour Economics, Elsevier, volume 79, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.labeco.2022.102255.
• Pierri, Nicola & Timmer, Yannick, 2022, "The importance of technology in banking during a crisis," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, volume 128, issue C, pages 88-104, DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoneco.2022.04.001.
• Zhang, Jiao & Li, Youping & Liu, Chunqiong & Wu, Bo & Shi, Kai, 2022, "A study of cross-correlations between PM2.5 and O3 based on Copula and Multifractal methods," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, volume 589, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2021.126651.
• Gross, Till & Klein, Paul, 2022, "Optimal tax policy and endogenous growth through innovation," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, volume 209, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2022.104645.
• Doblinger, Claudia & Surana, Kavita & Li, Deyu & Hultman, Nathan & Anadón, Laura Díaz, 2022, "How do global manufacturing shifts affect long-term clean energy innovation? A study of wind energy suppliers," Research Policy, Elsevier, volume 51, issue 7, DOI: 10.1016/j.respol.2022.104558.
• Elmawazini, Khaled & Chkir, Imed & Mrad, Fatma & Rjiba, Hatem, 2022, "Does green technology innovation matter to the cost of equity capital?," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, volume 62, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.ribaf.2022.101735.
• Aydogmus, Ozgur, 2022, "Increasing returns and path dependence in knowledge creation and their effects on the dynamics of patent pools," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, volume 62, issue C, pages 467-477, DOI: 10.1016/j.strueco.2022.06.006.
• Sharma, Abhijit & Sousa, Cristina & Woodward, Richard, 2022, "Determinants of innovation outcomes: The role of institutional quality," Technovation, Elsevier, volume 118, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.technovation.2022.102562.
• Chaudhry, Sajid M. & Ahmed, Rizwan & Huynh, Toan Luu Duc & Benjasak, Chonlakan, 2022, "Tail risk and systemic risk of finance and technology (FinTech) firms," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, volume 174, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121191.
• Ng, Wei Keat Benny & Appel-Meulenbroek, Rianne & Cloodt, Myriam & Arentze, Theo, 2022, "Exploring science park location choice: A stated choice experiment among Dutch technology-based firms," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, volume 182, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121796.
• Yang, Yong-cong & Nie, Pu-yan, 2022, "Subsidy for clean innovation considered technological spillover," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, volume 184, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121941.
• Ullah, Atta & Pinglu, Chen & Ullah, Saif & Qaisar, Zahid Hussain & Qian, Ningyu, 2022, "The dynamic nexus of E-Government, and sustainable development: Moderating role of multi-dimensional regional integration index in Belt and Road partner countries," Technology in Society, Elsevier, volume 68, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2022.101903.
• Arslan, Cansın & Wollni, Meike & Oduol, Judith & Hughes, Karl, 2022, "Who communicates the information matters for technology adoption," World Development, Elsevier, volume 158, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2022.106015.
• Antonio Acconcia & Sergio Beraldo & Carlo Capuano & Marco Stimolo, 2022, "Public subsidies and cooperation in research and development: Evidence from the lab," EERI Research Paper Series, Economics and Econometrics Research Institute (EERI), Brussels, number EERI RP 2022/04, Mar.
• René Castro & Valentina Schmitt & Elizabeth Aylas, 2022, "Desempeño exportador de las KIBS desde una perspectiva de innovación, digitalización y bases de conocimiento diferenciado: evidencias desde Perú," EKONOMIAZ. Revista vasca de Economía, Gobierno Vasco / Eusko Jaurlaritza / Basque Government, volume 102, issue 02, pages 192-217.
• David B. Audretsch & Erik E. Lehmann, 2022, "The knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship," Chapters, Edward Elgar Publishing, chapter 39, in: Cristiano Antonelli, "Elgar Encyclopedia on the Economics of Knowledge and Innovation".
• Aamir Aijaz Syed & Ercan Özen & Muhammad Abdul Kamal, 2022, "Do Digital Financial Services Influence Banking Stability and Efficiency: An ARDL Analysis of a Developed and a Developing Economy," Contemporary Studies in Economic and Financial Analysis, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, "The New Digital Era: Digitalisation, Emerging Risks and Opportunities", DOI: 10.1108/S1569-37592022000109A002.
• Jie Cen & Mian Wang & Yan Yang & Jing Li & Rongjian Yu, 2022, "Does broader mean more general? Decomposing the effect of knowledge breadth on R&D and spillover of generic technology," European Journal of Innovation Management, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, volume 26, issue 5, pages 1214-1234, February, DOI: 10.1108/EJIM-07-2021-0319.
• Preeti Khanna & Arunima Haldar, 2022, "Will adoption of blockchain technology be challenging: evidence from Indian banking industry," Qualitative Research in Financial Markets, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, volume 15, issue 2, pages 361-384, November, DOI: 10.1108/QRFM-01-2022-0003.
• Michal Banka & Mariusz Salwin & Dariusz Masłowski & Szymon Rychlik & Maria Kukurba, 2022, "Start-up Accelerator: State of the Art and Future Directions," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, volume 0, issue 1, pages 477-510.
• Loukas Chras & Andreas Alexopoulos & Alina Hyz, 2022, "The Use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) as a Factor of Employees Satisfaction: A Case Study of the Greek Public Administration Sector," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, volume 0, issue 3, pages 111-129.
• Daria Bienkowska & Aneta Kaminska-Nawrot & Ryszard Kozlowski, 2022, "HR Standards as a Foundation for Human Security and Health Policy: Legal and Ethical Issues," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, volume 0, issue 4, pages 88-96.
• Antonio Acconcia & Sergio Beraldo & Carlo Capuano & Marco Stimolo, 2022, "Public subsidies and cooperation in research and development. Evidence from the lab," Working Papers, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, number 2022.02, Jan.
• Jia Meng & ZhongXiang Zhang, 2022, "Corporate Environmental Information Disclosure and Investor Response: Empirical Evidence from China's Capital Market," Working Papers, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, number 2022.03, Jan.
• Kuramoto, Juana, 2022, "Innovación en el sector público," Capitulos de Libros, Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo (GRADE), chapter 1, in: Grade, "El Perú pendiente: ensayos para un desarrollo con bienestar".
• Dezhina Irina, 2022, "The state of science and innovations in Russia in 2021," Published Papers, Gaidar Institute for Economic Policy, number ppaper-2022-1206, revised 2022.
• Michael Fritsch & Moritz Zoellner, 2022, "Actor Fluidity and Knowledge Persistence in Regional Inventor Networks," Economies, MDPI, volume 10, issue 12, pages 1-20, November.
• Dong Li & Xiaofei Ren, 2022, "Prediction of Ozone Hourly Concentrations Based on Machine Learning Technology," Sustainability, MDPI, volume 14, issue 10, pages 1-29, May.
• Zuzanna Zarach & Aleksandra Parteka, 2022, "Productivity effects of trade in natural resources - comparison with mechanisms of technological specialisation," GUT FME Working Paper Series A, Faculty of Management and Economics, Gdansk University of Technology, number 68, Apr, revised Sep 2022.
• Tebache Djamal & Chetbani Saida, 2022, "Duality between online and offline shopping in the age of Covid-19 What future for e-commerce in Algeria?," Post-Print, HAL, number hal-03723467, Jun.
• Hammache Souria, 2022, "
  [The nexus between knowledge-based economy and economic growth in North Africa region]," Post-Print, HAL, number hal-03905252, Dec.
• Aline Courie Lemeur, 2022, "Pilotage de l’innovation ouverte : quel leadership ?," Post-Print, HAL, number hal-04396774, Jan, DOI: 10.3917/inno.pr2.0119.
• Chloé Alexandre & Aurélie Toillier & Sophie Mignon, 2022, "Exploring the Nature of Dynamic Capabilities and Enabling Environments for Service Innovation in the Global South: The Case of Digital Agro-advisory Services in Burkina Faso 1," Post-Print, HAL, number hal-04726364, Jul, DOI: 10.3917/jie.039.0241.
• Igor Mavrin & Damir Šebo & Jerko Glavaš, 2022, "Immersive Cultural Tourism In The Context Of Covid-19 Pandemic – Global Perspectives And Local Impacts," Ekonomski pregled, Hrvatsko društvo ekonomista (Croatian Society of Economists), volume 73, issue 5, pages 739-767, DOI: 10.32910/ep.73.5.4.
• Sebastian Aparicio & David Audretsch & David Urbano, 2022, "Governmental Support for Entrepreneurship in Spain: An Institutional Approach," Hacienda Pública Española / Review of Public Economics, IEF, volume 243, issue 4, pages 29-49, December.
• Octavian ȘERBAN, 2022, "Impact Analysis Of The Teleworking System On Productivity And Competitiveness In The European Union," Euroinfo, Institute for World Economy, Romanian Academy, volume 6, issue 2, pages 81-99, June.
• Diego Comin & Jonathan Skinner & Douglas Staiger, 2022, "Overconfidence and technology adoption in health care," IFS Working Papers, Institute for Fiscal Studies, number W22/33, Aug.
• Alberto Cavallo & Ms. Prachi Mishra & Mr. Antonio Spilimbergo, 2022, "E-commerce During Covid: Stylized Facts from 47 Economies," IMF Working Papers, International Monetary Fund, number 2022/019, Jan.
• Ashish Arora & Sharon Belenzon & Jungkyu Suh, 2022, "Science and the Market for Technology," Management Science, INFORMS, volume 68, issue 10, pages 7176-7201, October, DOI: 10.1287/mnsc.2021.4268.
• Stephen G. Dimmock & Jiekun Huang & Scott J. Weisbenner, 2022, "Give Me Your Tired, Your Poor, Your High-Skilled Labor: H-1B Lottery Outcomes and Entrepreneurial Success," Management Science, INFORMS, volume 68, issue 9, pages 6950-6970, September, DOI: 10.1287/mnsc.2021.4152.
• Drydakis, Nick, 2022, "M-Health Apps and Physical and Mental Health Outcomes of Sexual Minorities," IZA Discussion Papers, IZA Network @ LISER, number 15413, Jul.
• Adenike Aderonke Moradeyo, 2022, "Africa Going Global: The Reverse Innovation Perspective," Journal of Developing Areas, Tennessee State University, College of Business, volume 56, issue 1, pages 319-330, January-M.
• Amrinder Singh & Tarun Kumar Soni, 2022, "Firm Performance and R&D Investment Linkages: Study of India's Top 500 Companies," Journal of Developing Areas, Tennessee State University, College of Business, volume 56, issue 3, pages 17-29, July–Sept.
• Kimura, Koichiro & Matsui, Hiroshi & Motohashi, Kazuyuki & Kaida, Shun & Sinthupundaja, Janthorn, 2022, "Competition and technology position: the case of China's industrial robotics industry," IDE Discussion Papers, Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization(JETRO), number 834, Feb.
• Michael Fritsch & Maria Greve & Michael Wyrwich, 2022, "The Deep Historical Roots of Industrial Culture and Regional Entrepreneurship - A case study of two regions," Jena Economics Research Papers, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, number 2022-012, Dec.
• Su-Yin Cheng & Han Hou, 2022, "Innovation, financial development, and growth: evidences from industrial and emerging countries," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, volume 55, issue 3, pages 1629-1653, August, DOI: 10.1007/s10644-021-09361-5.
• Jingbo Cui & Zhenxuan Wang & Haishan Yu, 2022, "Can International Climate Cooperation Induce Knowledge Spillover to Developing Countries? Evidence from CDM," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, volume 82, issue 4, pages 923-951, August, DOI: 10.1007/s10640-022-00697-8.
• Alberto Bucci, 2022, "P. Aghion, C. Antonin, S. Bunel, The power of creative destruction: Economic upheaval and the wealth of nations," Journal of Economics, Springer, volume 135, issue 3, pages 299-306, April, DOI: 10.1007/s00712-021-00771-7.
• Ileana Palaco & Suk Kyoung Kim & Min Jae Park & Jae Jeung Rho, 2022, "Exploring capabilities of international technology transfer intermediaries between emerging and developed countries," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, volume 47, issue 1, pages 307-352, February, DOI: 10.1007/s10961-021-09849-2.
• Michael Fritsch & Muhamed Kudic, 2022, "Micro dynamics and macro stability in inventor networks," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, volume 47, issue 2, pages 353-382, April, DOI: 10.1007/s10961-021-09851-8.
• Molly Morgan Jones & Catriona Manville & Joanna Chataway, 2022, "Learning from the UK’s research impact assessment exercise: a case study of a retrospective impact assessment exercise and questions for the future," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, volume 47, issue 3, pages 722-746, June, DOI: 10.1007/s10961-017-9608-6.
• Ruben Fotso, 2022, "Evaluating the indirect effects of cluster-based innovation policies: the case of the Technological Research Institutes in France," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, volume 47, issue 4, pages 1070-1114, August, DOI: 10.1007/s10961-021-09865-2.
• Alberto Bettanti & Antonella Lanati & Alessandro Missoni, 2022, "Biopharmaceutical innovation ecosystems: a stakeholder model and the case of Lombardy," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, volume 47, issue 6, pages 1948-1973, December, DOI: 10.1007/s10961-021-09890-1.
• Pu Liu & Yingying Shao, 2022, "Innovation and new business formation: the role of innovative large firms," Small Business Economics, Springer, volume 59, issue 2, pages 691-720, August, DOI: 10.1007/s11187-022-00603-y.
• Aric Xu Wang & Kevin Zheng Zhou, 2022, "Financial munificence, R&D intensity, and new venture survival: critical roles of CEO attributes," Small Business Economics, Springer, volume 59, issue 4, pages 1641-1659, December, DOI: 10.1007/s11187-021-00592-4.
• Murat Seker & Mehmet Fatih Ulu, 2022, "Effects of Policy Reforms on Firm Innovation," Koç University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum Working Papers, Koc University-TUSIAD Economic Research Forum, number 2201, Jan.
• Renaud Foucart & Amanda De Pirro, 2022, "Of Shrimp and Men," Working Papers, Lancaster University Management School, Economics Department, number 352589140.
• Diah Rukmana Sari & Nasrudin, 2022, "Constructing Indonesian Digital Economy Index in Determining Economic Policy Priorities amidst the Covid-19 Pandemic," Economics and Finance in Indonesia, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Indonesia, volume 68, pages 62-74, Juni.
• Krasimir Shishmаnov, 2022, "Digital Transformation in Romania and Bulgaria," Book chapters-LUMEN Proceedings, Editura Lumen, chapter 20, in: Ioana PanagoreÈ› & Gabriel Gorghiu, "GIDTP 2022 - Globalization, Innovation and Development, Trends and Prospects 2022", DOI: https://doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/gi.
• Evaristo Galeana Figueroa & Marco Alberto Valenzo Jiménez (ed.), 2022, "Gestión de las Ciencias Administrativas en las Organizaciones en el Contexto del Covid-19," Libros, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Facultad de Contaduría y Ciencias Administrativas, number 16, edition 1, ISBN: ARRAY(0xa1817890), December.

2021

• Jeremiah O. Ejemeyovwi & Alex Adegboye & Olaoluwa Umukoro & Simplice A. Asongu, 2021, "Fostering Integrated Governance Quality through Technology Penetration: Thresholds of Democracy in Sub-Saharan Africa," Research Africa Network Working Papers, Research Africa Network (RAN), number 21/087, Jan.
• Zelin Zhuo & Frank Okai Larbi & Eric Osei Addo, 2021, "Benefits and Risks of Introducing Artificial Intelligence Into Trade and Commerce: The Case of Manufacturing Companies in West Africa," The AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC journal, Academy of Economic Studies - Bucharest, Romania, volume 23, issue 56, pages 174-174, February.
• Jeremiah O. Ejemeyovwi & Alex Adegboye & Olaoluwa Umukoro & Simplice A. Asongu, 2021, "Fostering Integrated Governance Quality through Technology Penetration: Thresholds of Democracy in Sub-Saharan Africa," Working Papers of the African Governance and Development Institute., African Governance and Development Institute., number 21/087, Jan.
• Alibey Kudar, 2021, "Türk Savunma Sanayi Firmalarında İhracat, Satış Hasılatı ve Ar-Ge Harcamaları Arasındaki Nedensellik İlişkisi," Journal of Research in Economics, Politics & Finance, Ersan ERSOY, volume 6, issue SI, pages 157-171, DOI: 10.30784/epfad.1021787.
• Nelly Roze, 2021, "Measurement of the intellectual capital of Russian regions," R-Economy, Ural Federal University, Graduate School of Economics and Management, volume 7, issue 2, pages 72-87, DOI: 10.15826/recon.2021.7.2.007.
• Bart van Ark & Venables, 2021, "A concerted effort to tackle the productivity puzzle during the post-COVID era," Working Papers, The Productivity Institute, number 001, Jan.
• William H. Janeway & Ramana Nanda & Matthew Rhodes-Kropf, 2021, "Venture Capital Booms and Start-Up Financing," Annual Review of Financial Economics, Annual Reviews, volume 13, issue 1, pages 111-127, November, DOI: 10.1146/annurev-financial-010621-11.
• Кажмуратов Ж.Т. // Kazhmuratov Zh.T. & Шалгынбаев К.У. // Shalgynbayev K.U. & Майданов С.Ж. // Maidanov S.Zh. & Табарак Ы.Ж. // Tabarak Y.Zh., 2021, "Перспективы развития инвестиционных монет и мерных слитков Национального Банка как инструмента инвестирования // Prospects for the development of investment coins and bullions of the National Bank as an investment tool," Economic Review(National Bank of Kazakhstan), National Bank of Kazakhstan, issue 4, pages 42-57.
• Kerstin Hotte, 2021, "Demand-pull, technology-push, and the direction of technological change," Papers, arXiv.org, number 2104.04813, Apr, revised Jan 2023.
• Robert M Yawson, 2021, "The Ecological System of Innovation: A New Architectural Framework for a Functional Evidence-Based Platform for Science and Innovation Policy," Papers, arXiv.org, number 2106.15479, Jun.
• Mariacarmela Passarelli & Giuseppe Bongiorno & Valentina Cucino & Nikita Trofimov & Alfio Cariola, 2021, "Modelli di trasferimento tecnologico per lo sviluppo locale: un’analisi comparativa," Regional Economy, , volume 5, issue Q3, pages 22-35.
• Nestor Gandelman & Osiris J. Parcero & Flavia Roldán, 2021, "Opportunities to upgrade the scientific disciplines space," Documentos de Investigación, Universidad ORT Uruguay. Facultad de Administración y Ciencias Sociales, number 126, Aug.
• Hongfang Han & Yanhong Qian, 2021, "Did Enterprises' Innovation Ability Increase During the COVID-19 Pandemic? Evidence From Chinese Listed Companies," Asian Economics Letters, Asia-Pacific Applied Economics Association, volume 1, issue 3, pages 1-5, DOI: 2021/08/10.
• Creina Day, 2021, "Growth in China's New Economy," Asian Economics Letters, Asia-Pacific Applied Economics Association, volume 2, issue 1, pages 1-6, DOI: 2021/08/10.
• Huwei Wen & Qiming Zhong & Quanen Guo, 2021, "Does Bank Lending Intervention Hamper Firm Innovation? Evidence From the Chinese-style Capacity-Reduction Initiative," Asian Economics Letters, Asia-Pacific Applied Economics Association, volume 1, issue 1, pages 1-6, DOI: 2021/06/27.
• Yaya Li & Shuai Qin, 2021, "Comparative Study on the Developmental Stages of Global CCS Technology Based on the S-Curve Model," Energy RESEARCH LETTERS, Asia-Pacific Applied Economics Association, volume 2, issue 2, pages 1-5, DOI: 2021/10/13.
• Yusif Safarov, 2021, "The Role of Monitoring and Evaluation in Improvement of Public Administration," The Scientific-Analytical Journal "Economic Reforms", Center for Analysis of Economic Reforms and Communication of the Republic of Azerbaijan, volume 2021, issue 1, pages 33-40, December, DOI: 10.30546/2790-2196.2.11.2025.1001.
• Gunay Guliyeva, 2021, "The Role of State Digital Transformation in Modern Economic Development," The Scientific-Analytical Journal "Economic Reforms", Center for Analysis of Economic Reforms and Communication of the Republic of Azerbaijan, volume 2021, issue 1, pages 49-57, December.
• Masuma Talibova, 2021, "Development of Digital Economy: Current Status and Future Perspectives of Digital Economy in Azerbaijan," The Scientific-Analytical Journal "Economic Reforms", Center for Analysis of Economic Reforms and Communication of the Republic of Azerbaijan, volume 2021, issue 1, pages 59-68, December.
• Vladia Borissova, 2021, "Digital Transformation for Digital Competitiveness at a Micro Level," Economic Studies journal, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - Economic Research Institute, issue 1, pages 89-106.
• Irena Zareva & Alla Kirova, 2021, "Academia-Business Cooperation in Bulgaria: Problems and Progress Possibilities," Economic Studies journal, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences - Economic Research Institute, issue 2, pages 3-21.
• Ardizzi Guerino & Alessandro Gambini & Andrea Nobili & Emanuele Pimpini & Giorgia Rocco, 2021, "L'impatto della pandemia sull'uso degli strumenti di pagamento in Italia," Mercati, infrastrutture, sistemi di pagamento (Markets, Infrastructures, Payment Systems), Bank of Italy, Directorate General for Markets and Payment System, number 8, Jul.
• Bojan Ćudić & Iwona Skrodzka, 2021, "‘Soft’ Support Infrastructure And The Performance Of Small And Medium-Sized Enterprises In European Countries," Economic Annals, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Belgrade, volume 66, issue 230, pages 67-100, July – Se.
• Zelda Brutti & Luis E. Rojas, 2021, "M&A and Early Investment Decisions by Digital Platforms," Working Papers, Barcelona School of Economics, number 1304, Dec.
• Angus C. Chu & Guido Cozzi & Haichao Fan & Yuichi Furukawa, 2021, "Inflation, Unemployment, and Economic Growth in a Schumpeterian Economy," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, volume 123, issue 3, pages 874-909, July, DOI: 10.1111/sjoe.12416.
• Cindy Cunningham & Lucia Foster & Cheryl Grim & John Haltiwanger & Sabrina Wulff Pabilonia & Jay Stewart & Zoltan Wolf, 2021, "Productivity Dispersion, Entry, and Growth in U.S. Manufacturing Industries," Economic Working Papers, Bureau of Labor Statistics, number 541.
• WASHIMI Kazuaki, 2021, "Venture Capital and Startup Innovation --Big Data Analysis of Patent Data--," Bank of Japan Research Papers, Bank of Japan, number 21-03-12, Mar.
• Bento Pedro, 2021, "Quantifying the Effects of Patent Protection on Innovation, Imitation, Growth, and Aggregate Productivity," The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, De Gruyter, volume 21, issue 1, pages 1-35, January, DOI: 10.1515/bejm-2019-0120.
• Aiyemo Babatunde & Morshed AKM Mahbub, 2021, "Inequality, Growth, and Congestion Externalities," The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, De Gruyter, volume 21, issue 2, pages 565-606, June, DOI: 10.1515/bejm-2020-0268.
• Madalina ALBU, 2021, "Creativity Stimulation Methods Use In Business Development," Contemporary Economy Journal, Constantin Brancoveanu University, volume 6, issue 1, pages 140-145.
• Sophie Reboud & Sonia Lequin & Corinne Tanguy, 2021, "Digitalisation des PME de l’agroalimentaire : vers une évolution des modèles d’affaires et des processus d’innovation," Innovations, De Boeck Université, volume 0, issue 1, pages 119-151.
• Magali Malherbe & Fanny Simon, 2021, "Near-Field Communication (NFC) Technology Emergence: One or Several Technological Paths?," Journal of Innovation Economics, De Boeck Université, volume 0, issue 2, pages 151-185.
• Mario D. Tello, 2021, "Effects of Obstacles to Innovation: Are they Complementary?. Lessons of the Case of Peru," Journal of Innovation Economics, De Boeck Université, volume 0, issue 2, pages 187-217.
• Quentin Oget, 2021, "When Economic Promises Shape Innovation and Networks: A Structural Analysis of Technological Innovation in the Silver Economy," Journal of Innovation Economics, De Boeck Université, volume 0, issue 2, pages 55-80.
• Cindy Cunningham & Lucia Foster & Cheryl Grim & John Haltiwanger & Sabrina Wulff Pabilonia & Jay Stewart & Zoltan Wolf, 2021, "Productivity Dispersion, Entry, and Growth in U.S. Manufacturing Industries," Working Papers, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau, number 21-21, Aug.
• Tania Babina & Alex Xi He & Sabrina T. Howell & Elisabeth Ruth Perlman & Joseph Staudt, 2021, "The Color of Money: Federal vs. Industry Funding of University Research," Working Papers, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau, number 21-26, Sep.
• Jorge Rojas-Vallejos & Carmen Gloria Jim�nez Bucarey & Marcela Espinoza & Luis Araya-Castillo, 2021, "The short-term impact of urban air pollution on student achievement," Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad, Universidad de los Andes,Facultad de Economía, CEDE, volume 87, issue 2.
• Gonzalo Cómbita-Mora & �scar Eduardo P�rez-Rodr�guez & Jaime Edison Rojas-Mora, 2021, "Regresión en la estructura productiva y la distribución del ingreso en América Latina: historia de una trayectoria truncada," Ensayos de Economía, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín, number 19344, Jan.
• Aamir Aijaz Syed, 2021, "The Asymmetric Relationship Between Military Expenditure, Economic Growth and Industrial Productivity: An Empirical Analysis of India, China and Pakistan Via the NARDL Approach," Revista Finanzas y Politica Economica, Universidad Católica de Colombia, volume 13, issue 1, pages 77-97.
• Luis Alberto Montenegro Mora & María Alejandra Narváez Gómez, 2021, "Perspectivas de la gestión pública: investigación en la educación superior para la transformación social," Revista Tendencias, Universidad de Narino, volume 22, issue 1, pages 303-313, DOI: 10.22267/rtend.202102.165.
• Schnitzer, Monika & Nagler, Markus & Watzinger, Martin, 2021, "Fostering the Diffusion of General Purpose Technologies: Evidence from the Licensing of the Transistor Patents," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 15713, Jun.
• Melitz, Marc J & Redding, Stephen, 2021, "Trade and Innovation," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 16264, Jun.
• Vettas, Nikolaos & Kourandi, Frago & Sachtachtinskagia, Sabina, 2021, "On the Dynamics of Technology Transfer," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 16399, Jul.
• Baslandze, Salomé, 2021, "Barriers to Creative Destruction: Large Firms and Non-Productive Strategies," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 16570, Sep.
• Zeira, Joseph, 2021, "The Rise of the Educated Class," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 16572, Sep.
• Arora, Ashish & Belenzon, Sharon & Kosenko, Konstantin & Suh, Jungkyu & Yafeh, Yishay, 2022, "The Rise of Scientific Research in Corporate America," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 16592, May.
• Stantcheva, Stefanie, 2021, "The Effects of Taxes on Innovation: Theory and Empirical Evidence," CEPR Discussion Papers, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers, number 16608, Oct.
• Bucci, Alberto & Carbonari, Lorenzo & Trovato, Giovanni, 2021, "Variety, Competition, And Population In Economic Growth: Theory And Empirics," Macroeconomic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, volume 25, issue 5, pages 1303-1330, July.
• Daniel Sommer & Bernd Ebersberger, 2021, "International R&D teams: Performance effects and the moderating role of technological competences," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, volume 41, issue 2, pages 387-397.
• Augusto Espín & Christian Rojas, 2021, "The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Use of Remote Meeting Technologies," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, volume 41, issue 3, pages 1553-1565.
• Md. Thasinul Abedin & Rajarshi Mitra & Kanon Kumar Sen & Md. Sharif Hossain, 2021, "Exchange Rate and Stock Market Development in Bangladesh," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, volume 41, issue 2, pages 201-212.
• Andrés Marroquín & Luke Sadd & Antonio Saravia, 2021, "Trust and Perceptions of Autonomous Vehicles in Latin America," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, volume 41, issue 3, pages 1461-1470.
• Iacopo Grassi & Claudia Cantabene, 2021, "R&D cooperation and choice of partner, in high and low-tech industries. Evidence from Italian firms," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, volume 41, issue 4, pages 2216-2231.
• Grimm, Niklas & Laeven, Luc & Popov, Alexander, 2021, "Quantitative easing and corporate innovation," Working Paper Series, European Central Bank, number 2615, Nov.
• Kouvavas, Omiros & Osbat, Chiara & Reinelt, Timo & Vansteenkiste, Isabel, 2021, "Markups and inflation cyclicality in the euro area," Working Paper Series, European Central Bank, number 2617, Nov.
• Dipen Paul & Sushant Malik & Dharmesh K. Mishra & Rushik Hiwale, 2021, "Shale Gas: An Indian Market Perspective," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, volume 11, issue 1, pages 126-136.
• Ibrahim Abdelrasoul Mohammed Belal & Sumaya Awad Khader Ahmed & Faouzi Hedi Boujedra, 2021, "The Causal Relationship between, Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Dynamic Causality Test," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, volume 11, issue 1, pages 333-340.
• Bakhyt Yessekina & Aliya Shalabekova & Askhat Koshumov & Gulsara Junusbekova, 2021, "Modernisation of the Strategic Planning for Decarbonisation in Kazakhstan," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, volume 11, issue 3, pages 477-482.
• Lilis Yuaningsih & R. Adjeng Mariana Febrianti, 2021, "The Nexus between Technological Advancement and CO2 Emissions in Malaysia," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, volume 11, issue 6, pages 160-169.
• Vergara, Sebastián, 2021, "El papel de las capacidades productivas y tecnológicas en la dinámica de las exportaciones de los países en desarrollo," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), April.
• Vergara, Sebastián, 2021, "The role of productive and technological capabilities in export dynamics in developing countries," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), April.
• Guan, Yuyan & Zhang, Liandong & Zheng, Liu & Zou, Hong, 2021, "Managerial liability and corporate innovation: Evidence from a legal shock," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, volume 69, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2021.102022.
• Yeh, Yin-Hua & Liao, Chen-Chieh, 2021, "Are non-family successors all the same? Inside-promoted vs. outside-sourced," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, volume 71, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2021.102122.
• Xing, Mingqing & Tan, Tingting & Wang, Xia, 2021, "Emission taxes and environmental R&D risk choices in a duopoly market," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, volume 101, issue C, DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2021.105530.
• Yan, Eric & Feng, Qu & Ng, Yew-Kwang, 2021, "Do we need ramsey taxation? Our existing taxes are largely corrective," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, volume 94, issue C, pages 526-538, DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2020.03.031.
• Bucci, Alberto & Carbonari, Lorenzo & Gil, Pedro Mazeda & Trovato, Giovanni, 2021, "Economic growth and innovation complexity: An empirical estimation of a Hidden Markov Model," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, volume 98, issue C, pages 86-99, DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2021.02.006.