IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/wly/natres/v49y2025i1p637-655.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Economic globalization and ecological impact in emerging economies in the post‐COP21 agreement: A panel econometrics approach

Author

Listed:
  • Festus Victor Bekun
  • Ilhan Ozturk

Abstract

Globally, the need for ecological well‐being and sustainable development attracted research and policy attention over the years. However, issues concerning the nexus between globalization and ecological safety remain contentious and unresolved. Therefore, this study contributes to the discourse by evaluating the impact of economic globalization on ecological footprints in seven emerging economies (E7) while accounting for other drivers of environmental degradation in the outlined bloc for the period of 1990–2021. The present study leverages on panel data econometric techniques to achieve the study objectives. The findings shows that economic globalization and increase in economic activities drive a higher ecological footprint and thus reduce environmental quality in emerging economies. This study concludes that the economic progress of emerging economies and the increasing wave of their economic integration is detrimental to environmentally sustainable development. Therefore, this study recommends, among other insightful policy inferences, that the global agenda on sustainable development should be prioritized, environment‐friendly integration among emerging economies should be pursued. Environmental regulations should be strictly observed by the countries in their bid for economic development and integration.

Suggested Citation

  • Festus Victor Bekun & Ilhan Ozturk, 2025. "Economic globalization and ecological impact in emerging economies in the post‐COP21 agreement: A panel econometrics approach," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 49(1), pages 637-655, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:natres:v:49:y:2025:i:1:p:637-655
    DOI: 10.1111/1477-8947.12408
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/1477-8947.12408
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1111/1477-8947.12408?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. ., 2000. "Institutions for the Global Environment," Chapters, in: Designing International Environmental Agreements, chapter 7, pages 173-188, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    2. Belaid, Fateh & Dagher, Leila & Filis, George, 2021. "Revisiting the resource curse in the MENA region," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    3. Pedroni, Peter, 2004. "Panel Cointegration: Asymptotic And Finite Sample Properties Of Pooled Time Series Tests With An Application To The Ppp Hypothesis," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 20(3), pages 597-625, June.
    4. M. Hashem Pesaran, 2007. "A simple panel unit root test in the presence of cross-section dependence," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 22(2), pages 265-312.
    5. Charfeddine, Lanouar, 2017. "The impact of energy consumption and economic development on Ecological Footprint and CO2 emissions: Evidence from a Markov Switching Equilibrium Correction Model," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 355-374.
    6. Sinem Kilic Celik & M. Ayhan Kose & Franziska Ohnsorge, 2023. "Potential Growth Prospects: Risks, Rewards and Policies," CAMA Working Papers 2023-19, Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis, Crawford School of Public Policy, The Australian National University.
    7. Bekun, Festus Victor, 2024. "Race to carbon neutrality in South Africa: What role does environmental technological innovation play?," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 354(PA).
    8. Theodore Panayotou, 2000. "Globalization and Environment," CID Working Papers 53, Center for International Development at Harvard University.
    9. Joeri Rogelj & Michel den Elzen & Niklas Höhne & Taryn Fransen & Hanna Fekete & Harald Winkler & Roberto Schaeffer & Fu Sha & Keywan Riahi & Malte Meinshausen, 2016. "Paris Agreement climate proposals need a boost to keep warming well below 2 °C," Nature, Nature, vol. 534(7609), pages 631-639, June.
    10. Theodore Panayotou, 2000. "Globalization and Environment," CID Working Papers 53A, Center for International Development at Harvard University.
    11. Ertugrul, Hasan Murat & Çetin, Murat & Şeker, Fahri & Dogan, Eyüp, 2015. "The impact of trade openness on global carbon dioxide emissions: Evidence from the top ten emitters among developing countries," MPRA Paper 97539, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 10 Mar 2016.
    12. Kangyin Dong & Xiucheng Dong & Cong Dong, 2019. "Determinants of the global and regional CO2 emissions: What causes what and where?," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 51(46), pages 5031-5044, October.
    13. Chien-Chiang Lee & Chi-Chuan Lee & Chun-Ping Chang, 2015. "Globalization, Economic Growth and Institutional Development in China," Global Economic Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 44(1), pages 31-63, March.
    14. Jan Ditzen & Yiannis Karavias & Joakim Westerlund, 2021. "Testing and Estimating Structural Breaks in Time Series and Panel Data in Stata," Papers 2110.14550, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2025.
    15. Karavias, Yiannis & Tzavalis, Elias, 2014. "Testing for unit roots in short panels allowing for a structural break," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 391-407.
    16. Suleman Sarwar & Dalia Streimikiene & Rida Waheed & Zouheir Mighri, 2021. "Revisiting the empirical relationship among the main targets of sustainable development: Growth, education, health and carbon emissions," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(2), pages 419-440, March.
    17. Zafar, Muhammad Wasif & Zaidi, Syed Anees Haider & Khan, Naveed R. & Mirza, Faisal Mehmood & Hou, Fujun & Kirmani, Syed Ali Ashiq, 2019. "The impact of natural resources, human capital, and foreign direct investment on the ecological footprint: The case of the United States," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 1-1.
    18. Destek, Mehmet Akif & Ulucak, Recep & Dogan, Eyüp, 2018. "Analyzing the Environmental Kuznets Curve for the EU countries: The role of ecological footprint," MPRA Paper 106882, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    19. Hossain, Md. Emran & Islam, Md. Sayemul & Bandyopadhyay, Arunava & Awan, Ashar & Hossain, Mohammad Razib & Rej, Soumen, 2022. "Mexico at the crossroads of natural resource dependence and COP26 pledge: Does technological innovation help?," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    20. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Li, Jiaman & Dong, Xiucheng & Dong, Kangyin, 2022. "How financial inclusion affects the collaborative reduction of pollutant and carbon emissions: The case of China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 107(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sardar Fawad Saleem & Muhammad Azam Khan & Muhammad Tariq, 2025. "Moderating role of government effectiveness and innovation in sustainable economic growth relationship in Middle East & North Africa countries," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 49(1), pages 516-540, February.
    2. Olimpia Neagu, 2020. "Economic Complexity and Ecological Footprint: Evidence from the Most Complex Economies in the World," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-18, October.
    3. Bilgehan Tekin, 2024. "The catalyzing role of financial inclusion in decoding environmental challenges and fostering a sustainable future in BRICS‐T," Economics and Politics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(3), pages 1572-1603, November.
    4. Ranjan Aneja & Manisha Yadav & Sanjeev Gupta, 2024. "The dynamic impact assessment of clean energy and green innovation in realizing environmental sustainability of G‐20," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 32(3), pages 2454-2473, June.
    5. Xie, Bofeng & Rehman, Mubeen Abdur & Zhang, Junyan & Yang, Runze, 2022. "Does the financialization of natural resources lead toward sustainability? An application of advance panel Granger non-causality," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    6. Wang, Zhe & Chen, Huangxin & Teng, Yin-Pei, 2023. "Role of greener energies, high tech-industries and financial expansion for ecological footprints: Implications from sustainable development perspective," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 1424-1435.
    7. Mohd Arshad Ansari & Muhammed Ashiq Villanthenkodath & Vaseem Akram & Badri Narayan Rath, 2023. "The nexus between ecological footprint, economic growth, and energy poverty in sub-Saharan Africa: a technological threshold approach," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(8), pages 7823-7850, August.
    8. Voumik, Liton Chandra & Ghosh, Smarnika & Rashid, Mamunur & Das, Mihir Kumar & Esquivias, Miguel Angel & Rojas, Omar, 2024. "The effect of geopolitical risk and green technology on load capacity factors in BRICS," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    9. Vishal Dagar & Farhan Ahmed & Farah Waheed & Štefan Bojnec & Muhammad Kamran Khan & Sana Shaikh, 2022. "Testing the Pollution Haven Hypothesis with the Role of Foreign Direct Investments and Total Energy Consumption," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-23, May.
    10. Li, Zeyun & Leong, Lin Woon & N Aldoseri, Mahfod Mobarak & Muda, Iskandar & Abu-Rumman, Ayman & Al Shraah, Ata, 2023. "Examining the role of sustainability and natural resources management in improving environmental quality: Evidence from Asian countries," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    11. Durmuş Çağrı Yıldırım & Işıl Demirtaş & Seda Yıldırım & Tuğba Turan, 2025. "The role of financial inclusion and human capital on the ecological deficit," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 27(3), pages 7091-7114, March.
    12. Liu, Yaping & Sadiq, Farah & Ali, Wajahat & Kumail, Tafazal, 2022. "Does tourism development, energy consumption, trade openness and economic growth matters for ecological footprint: Testing the Environmental Kuznets Curve and pollution haven hypothesis for Pakistan," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 245(C).
    13. Lin, Boqiang & Okoye, Jude O., 2023. "Towards renewable energy generation and low greenhouse gas emission in high-income countries: Performance of financial development and governance," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).
    14. Jahanger, Atif & Hossain, Mohammad Razib & Usman, Muhammad & Chukwuma Onwe, Joshua, 2023. "Recent scenario and nexus between natural resource dependence, energy use and pollution cycles in BRICS region: Does the mediating role of human capital exist?," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    15. Ansari, Mohd Arshad, 2022. "Re-visiting the Environmental Kuznets curve for ASEAN: A comparison between ecological footprint and carbon dioxide emissions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    16. Nathaniel, Solomon Prince & Yalçiner, Kürşat & Bekun, Festus Victor, 2021. "Assessing the environmental sustainability corridor: Linking natural resources, renewable energy, human capital, and ecological footprint in BRICS," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    17. Chien, FengSheng, 2022. "How renewable energy and non-renewable energy affect environmental excellence in N-11 economies?," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 526-534.
    18. Usman, Muhammad & Balsalobre-Lorente, Daniel, 2022. "Environmental concern in the era of industrialization: Can financial development, renewable energy and natural resources alleviate some load?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    19. Taiwo Onifade, Stephen & Gyamfi, Bright Akwasi & Haouas, Ilham & Bekun, Festus Victor, 2021. "Re-examining the roles of economic globalization and natural resources consequences on environmental degradation in E7 economies: Are human capital and urbanization essential components?," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    20. Abdelaziz Boukhelkhal, 2022. "Energy use, economic growth and CO2 emissions in Africa: does the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis exist? New evidence from heterogeneous panel under cross-sectional dependence," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(11), pages 13083-13110, November.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wly:natres:v:49:y:2025:i:1:p:637-655. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://doi.org/10.1111/(ISSN)1477-8947 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.