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Social protection and revenue collection: How they can jointly contribute to strengthening social cohesion

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  • Francesco Burchi
  • Armin von Schiller
  • Christoph Strupat

Abstract

Social protection and revenue collection are often regarded as potential drivers of social cohesion. The article joins this debate, providing three main contributions. First, we carefully discuss the concept of social cohesion and endorse one specific definition. Second, we propose using the concept of the “fiscal contract” as the key theoretical lens to understand the often neglected potential joint effects of social protection and revenue collection policies on social cohesion. Third, we illustrate three main mechanisms through which these policies can have positive or negative impacts on the different components of social cohesion and highlight the relevance of these for policy‐makers deliberations. Souvent, la protection sociale et le recouvrement des recettes sont considérés comme de potentiels facteurs de cohésion sociale. Cet article participe au débat et apporte trois principales contributions. Tout d'abord, nous étudions avec soin le concept de cohésion sociale et en entérinons une définition précise. Ensuite, nous proposons d'utiliser le concept de «contrat fiscal» comme principe théorique clé pour comprendre les éventuels effets combinés des politiques de protection sociale et de recouvrement des recettes sur la cohésion sociale, ces effets étant souvent laissés de côté. Enfin, nous présentons trois principaux mécanismes à travers lesquels ces politiques peuvent influencer de façon positive ou négative les différents composants de la cohésion sociale, et soulignons dans quelle mesure il est important que les décideurs politiques en tiennent soigneusement compte. Muchos consideran que la protección social y la recaudación de ingresos pueden inducir la cohesión social. El artículo aporta tres grandes elementos a este debate. En primer lugar se examina en detalle el concepto de cohesión social y se adopta una definición específica. En segundo lugar se propone utilizar el concepto de “contrato fiscal” como prisma teórico para comprender los posibles efectos conjuntos, a menudo subestimados, de las políticas de protección social y de recaudación de ingresos en la cohesión social. En tercer lugar se describen tres mecanismos mediante los cuales estas políticas pueden influir positiva o negativamente en los diferentes componentes de la cohesión social y se subraya la importancia de que los responsables de las políticas los evalúen detenidamente. Sozialschutz und Steuereinzug gelten oft als mögliche Katalysatoren für den sozialen Zusammenhalt. Der Artikel nimmt diese Debatte auf und bietet drei Hauptbeiträge. Erstens wird das Konzept des sozialen Zusammenhalts sorgfältig erörtert und eine entsprechende Definition unterstützt. Zweitens wird vorgeschlagen, das Konzept des „Steuervertrags“ als wichtigste theoretische Basis zu verwenden, um häufig zu wenig beachtete, gemeinsame Auswirkungen von Sozialschutz‐ und Steuererhebungsmaßnahmen auf den sozialen Zusammenhalt zu verstehen. Drittens werden drei Hauptmechanismen verdeutlicht, über die sich solche Maßnahmen positiv oder negativ auf verschiedene Komponenten des sozialen Zusammenhalts auswirken können, und es wird herausgearbeitet, wie relevant es für politische Entscheidungsträger ist, diese sorgfältig zu erwägen. И социальная защита, и сбор налогов и других платежей часто рассматриваются как потенциальные основные факторы, способствующие укреплению сплочённости общества. В статье рассматривается совместное использование этих инструментов и делается три важных вывода. Во‐первых, мы всесторонне обсуждаем концепцию сплочённости общества и приходим к одному конкретному определению. Во‐вторых, чтобы понять часто игнорируемое потенциальное совместное влияние как социальной защиты, так сбора налогов и других платежей, оказываемое на сплочённость общества, мы предлагаем использовать в качестве ключевого теоретического подхода концепцию «фискального контракта». В‐третьих, мы расскажем о трёх основных механизмах, с помощью которых использование этих инструментов может иметь положительное или отрицательное влияние на различные компоненты сплочённости общества. Также мы уделим особое внимание тому, насколько важно лицам, отвечающим за формирование и реализацию политики, обдумано принимать своё решение в этой сфере. 社会保护和税收通常被视为社会凝聚力的潜在驱动力。本文在该议题的基础上, 提出了三点主要贡献。首先, 我们认真讨论了社会凝聚力的概念, 对其中一个具体定义表示了支持。其次, 我们提议将“财政契约”概念作为关键理论视角, 以便理解常常被忽略的社会保护和税收政策对社会凝聚力的潜在共同影响。最后, 我们阐释了可以使政策对社会凝聚力的不同组成部分产生正面或负面影响的三种主要机制, 强调了政策制定者认真考虑这些机制的相关性。 غالباً ما يُنظر إلى الحماية الاجتماعية وتحصيل الإيرادات على أنهما محركان محتملان للتناغم الاجتماعي. ويساهم هذا المقال في هذا النقاش من خلال تقديم ثلاث مساهمات أساسية. أولاً، نناقش بالتفصيل مفهوم التناغم الاجتماعي ونتبنى تعريفاً محدداً له. ثانياً، نقترح استخدام مفهوم "العقد المالي" كإطار نظري رئيسي لفهم الآثار المشتركة المحتملة التي كثيراً ما تُهمل لسياسات الحماية الاجتماعية وتحصيل الإيرادات على التناغم الاجتماعي. ثالثاً، نوضح ثلاث آليات رئيسية يمكن من خلالها لهذه السياسات أن تؤثر بالإيجاب أو بالسلب على مختلف مكونات التناغم الاجتماعي، ونبرز مدى أهمية أن ينظر صناع السياسات في هذه الآليات. A proteção social e a arrecadação de receitas são muitas vezes consideradas como fatores de motivação potenciais da coesão social. Este artigo se junta ao debate com três contribuições essenciais. Primeiro, discutimos cuidadosamente o conceito de coesão social e endossamos uma definição específica. Em seguida, propomos utilizar o conceito de “contrato fiscal” como a principal lente teórica para compreender os efeitos potenciais conjuntos, muitas vezes negligenciados, das políticas de proteção social e de arrecadação de receitas sobre a coesão social. Em terceiro lugar, ilustramos três mecanismos principais por meio dos quais estas políticas podem exercer impactos positivos ou negativos sobre os diferentes componentes da coesão social, e destacamos a relevância de um olhar atento por parte dos estrategistas políticos nestas questões.

Suggested Citation

  • Francesco Burchi & Armin von Schiller & Christoph Strupat, 2020. "Social protection and revenue collection: How they can jointly contribute to strengthening social cohesion," International Social Security Review, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 73(3), pages 13-32, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:intssr:v:73:y:2020:i:3:p:13-32
    DOI: 10.1111/issr.12243
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    1. Francesco Burchi & Federico Roscioli, 2022. "Can Integrated Social Protection Programmes Affect Social Cohesion? Mixed-Methods Evidence from Malawi," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 34(3), pages 1240-1263, June.
    2. Keetie Roelen & Carmen Leon-Himmelstine & Sung Kyu Kim, 2022. "Chicken or Egg? A Bi-directional Analysis of Social Protection and Social Cohesion in Burundi and Haiti," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 34(3), pages 1216-1239, June.
    3. Leininger, Julia & Burchi, Francesco & Fiedler, Charlotte & Mross, Karina & Nowack, Daniel & von Schiller, Armin & Sommer, Christoph & Strupat, Christoph & Ziaja, Sebastian, 2021. "Social cohesion: A new definition and a proposal for its measurement in Africa," IDOS Discussion Papers 31/2021, German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS), revised 2021.
    4. Francesco Burchi & Markus Loewe & Daniele Malerba & Julia Leininger, 2022. "Disentangling the Relationship Between Social Protection and Social Cohesion: Introduction to the Special Issue," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 34(3), pages 1195-1215, June.
    5. Christoph Strupat, 2022. "Social Protection and Social Cohesion in Times of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from Kenya," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 34(3), pages 1320-1357, June.
    6. Leininger, Julia & von Schiller, Armin & Strupat, Christoph & Malerba, Daniele, 2022. "Policy responses to COVID-19: Why social cohesion and social protection matter in Africa," IDOS Discussion Papers 20/2022, German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS).
    7. Stefan Beierl & Marina Dodlova, 2022. "Public Works Programmes and Cooperation for the Common Good: Evidence from Malawi," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 34(3), pages 1264-1284, June.

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