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The Impact of Placing Adolescent Males into Foster Care on Education, Income Assistance, and Convictions

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  • William P. Warburton
  • Rebecca N. Warburton
  • Arthur Sweetman
  • Clyde Hertzman

Abstract

Understanding the causal impacts of taking at‐risk youth into government care is part of the evidence base for policy. Two sources of exogenous variation affecting alternative subsets of the at‐risk population provide causal impacts interpreted as local average treatment effects. Placing 16‐ to18‐year‐old males into care decreases or delays high school graduation, increases income assistance receipt, and has alternative effects on criminal convictions depending upon the instrument employed. This suggests that asking whether more or fewer children should be taken into care is insufficient; it also matters which, and how, children are taken into care. L'impact du fait de placer des jeunes hommes adolescents en foyer d”accueil sur l’éducation, l'assistance pour maintenir le revenu, et les condamnations. Comprendre les impacts causés par la prise en charge par le gouvernement d”un jeune à risques est partie intégrale d'une politique fondée sur des données probantes. Deux sources de variation exogène affectant différentes portions de la population à risque engendrent des impacts qui sont interprétés comme ayant des effets sur le traitement local moyen. Placer des jeunes hommes de 16 à 18 ans en foyer d'accueil diminue ou retarde la diplomation au secondaire, accroît la dépendance de l'aide sociale, et a des effets différents sur les condamnations au criminel selon les instruments employés. Voilà qui suggère qu'il n'est pas suffisant de se demander si plus ou moins d'enfants devraient être mis en foyer d'accueil, ce qui est important est plutôt de se demander comment on prend soin des enfants.

Suggested Citation

  • William P. Warburton & Rebecca N. Warburton & Arthur Sweetman & Clyde Hertzman, 2014. "The Impact of Placing Adolescent Males into Foster Care on Education, Income Assistance, and Convictions," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 47(1), pages 35-69, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:47:y:2014:i:1:p:35-69
    DOI: 10.1111/caje.12064
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Joseph J. Doyle Jr., 2007. "Child Protection and Child Outcomes: Measuring the Effects of Foster Care," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 97(5), pages 1583-1610, December.
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    7. Lindquist, Matthew J. & Santavirta, Torsten, 2012. "Does Placing Children in Out-of-Home Care Increase Their Adult Criminality?," Working Paper Series 8/2012, Stockholm University, Swedish Institute for Social Research.
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    Cited by:

    1. Goulet, Julie & Maltais, Christine & Archambault, Isabelle & Noël, Véronique & Guériton, Muriel, 2024. "Supporting academic achievement of children in out-of-home care through effective interventions: results of a systematic review and meta-analyses," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 156(C).
    2. Andersen, Signe Hald, 2019. "The effect of aftercare on human capital acquisition among foster care alumni," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 28-41.
    3. Lindquist, Matthew J. & Santavirta, Torsten, 2014. "Does placing children in foster care increase their adult criminality?," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 72-83.
    4. Anthony Bald & Eric Chyn & Justine Hastings & Margarita Machelett, 2022. "The Causal Impact of Removing Children from Abusive and Neglectful Homes," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 130(7), pages 1919-1962.
    5. Jeffrey Smith & Arthur Sweetman, 2016. "Viewpoint: Estimating the causal effects of policies and programs," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 49(3), pages 871-905, August.
    6. Dettlaff, Alan J. & Abrams, Laura S. & Teasley, Martell L., 2023. "Interrogating the carceral state: Re-envisioning social work’s role in systems serving children and youth," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    7. Peter Fallesen & Natalia Emanuel & Christopher Wildeman, 2014. "Cumulative Risks of Foster Care Placement for Danish Children," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(10), pages 1-10, October.
    8. Anthony Bald & Joseph J. Doyle Jr. & Max Gross & Brian A. Jacob, 2022. "Economics of Foster Care," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 36(2), pages 223-246, Spring.
    9. E. Jason Baron & Ezra G. Goldstein & Joseph Ryan, 2023. "The Push for Racial Equity in Child Welfare: Can Blind Removals Reduce Disproportionality?," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(2), pages 456-487, March.
    10. Lovett, Nicholas & Xue, Yuhan, 2020. "Family first or the kindness of strangers? Foster care placements and adult outcomes," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    11. Simon, David & Sojourner, Aaron & Pedersen, Jon & Ombisa Skallet, Heidi, 2024. "Financial Incentives for Adoption and Kin Guardianship Improve Achievement for Foster Children," IZA Discussion Papers 17057, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    12. Nina Thorup Dalgaard & Anja Bondebjerg & Elizabeth Bengtsen & Jens Dietrichson & Anders Bach‐Mortensen, 2024. "Protocol: Interventions aimed at preventing out‐of‐home placement of children: A systematic review," Campbell Systematic Reviews, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 20(2), June.
    13. Strolin-Goltzman, Jessica & Holbrook, Hannah, 2023. "The influence of Decision-making ecology on placement into foster care," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    14. David Simon & Aaron Sojourner & Jon Pedersen & Heidi Ombisa Skallet, 2024. "Financial Incentives for Adoption and Kin Guardianship Improve Achievement for Foster Children," Upjohn Working Papers 24-401, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
    15. Fallesen, Peter, 2016. "Downward spiral: The impact of out-of-home placement on paternal welfare dependency," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 45-55.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
    • I13 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Insurance, Public and Private

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