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Verteilungseffekte der Einkommensteuerreform 2015/16

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  • Silvia Rocha-Akis

Abstract

Ein wesentliches Ziel der Steuerreform 2015/16 besteht darin, Lohn- und Einkommensteuerpflichtige spürbar zu entlasten. Von zentraler Bedeutung ist demnach die Frage, wie sich die Steuerreform auf die Nettoeinkommen von Personen und Haushalten auswirkt und welche Verteilungs- und Aufkommenseffekte von ihr ausgehen werden. Auf der Basis des WIFO-Mikrosimulationsmodells quantifiziert der vorliegende Beitrag für das Jahr 2016 die Effekte der Veränderungen im Bereich der Lohn- und Einkommensteuer sowie der Sozialversicherungsbeitragsstruktur. Das durchschnittliche verfügbare Haushaltseinkommen erhöht sich demnach durch die Reform um 3,1%. Der absolute und der relative Nettoeinkommenszuwachs fallen im Allgemeinen umso höher aus, je höher das vor der Reform erzielte Nettoeinkommen ist. Das gilt sowohl für die Erwerbs- und Pensionseinkommen als auch für die Haushaltseinkommen. Die Einkommensungleichheit nimmt daher leicht zu. Haushalte mit Kindern profitieren in einem ähnlichen Ausmaß von der Reform wie Haushalte ohne Kinder. Der simulierte Einnahmenausfall des Staates an Lohn- und Einkommensteuer beträgt rund 4,9 Mrd. €. Mehr als die Hälfte (56%) davon entsteht durch die Mindereinnahmen im oberen Drittel der Verteilung der Haushaltseinkommen, während etwa 12% dem unteren Einkommensdrittel zuzuordnen sind.

Suggested Citation

  • Silvia Rocha-Akis, 2015. "Verteilungseffekte der Einkommensteuerreform 2015/16," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 88(5), pages 387-398, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:wfo:monber:y:2015:i:5:p:387-398
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sandra Müllbacher & Wolfgang Nagl, 2017. "Labour supply in Austria: an assessment of recent developments and the effects of a tax reform," Empirica, Springer;Austrian Institute for Economic Research;Austrian Economic Association, vol. 44(3), pages 465-486, August.
    2. Michael Klien, 2016. "Simulationsergebnisse zu ausgewählten Optionen für eine Ausweitung der Steuerautonomie der Bundesländer," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 89(6), pages 437-450, June.
    3. Silvia Rocha-Akis & Jürgen Bierbaumer-Polly & Martina Einsiedl & Alois Guger & Michael Klien & Thomas Leoni & Hedwig Lutz & Christine Mayrhuber, 2016. "Umverteilung durch den Staat in Österreich," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 58820, April.
    4. Jürgen Bierbaumer-Polly & Simon Loretz & Christine Mayrhuber, 2019. "Verteilungswirkungen von Steuern und Sozialbeiträgen 2015," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 92(5), pages 353-363, May.
    5. Stefan Ederer, 2017. "Österreich 2025 – Einkommensverteilung und privater Konsum in Österreich," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 90(1), pages 67-81, January.
    6. Hans Pitlik & Michael Klien & Margit Schratzenstaller & Christina Seyfried, 2015. "Umfassende Steuerhoheit der österreichischen Bundesländer," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 58545.
    7. Kronberger, Ralf & Schmid, Christoph, 2018. "Effects of the Austrian Income Tax Reform 2015/2016 on Private Consumption: Survey Findings," Department of Economics Working Paper Series 275, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business.
    8. Margit Schratzenstaller & Fanny Dellinger, 2017. "Genderdifferenzierte Lenkungswirkungen des Abgabensystems," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 60797.
    9. N. N., 2016. "WIFO-Monatsberichte, Heft 6/2016," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 89(6), June.
    10. Josef Baumgartner & Serguei Kaniovski, 2015. "Steuerreform 2015/16 – Gesamtwirtschaftliche Wirkungen bis 2019," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 88(5), pages 399-416, May.
    11. Michael Christl & Monika Köppl-Turyna & Dénes Kucsera, 2017. "A Tax-Benefit Model for Austria (AUTAX): Work Incentives and Distributional Effects of the 2016 Tax Reform," International Journal of Microsimulation, International Microsimulation Association, vol. 10(2), pages 144-176.
    12. Marian Fink & Silvia Rocha-Akis, 2020. "Senkung des Eingangssteuersatzes in der Lohn- und Einkommensteuer. Wirkung auf Steuerbelastung, Steueraufkommen und verfügbare Einkommen der privaten Haushalte," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 93(5), pages 393-402, May.
    13. Baumann, Alexendra & Wohlrabe, Klaus, 2019. "Publikationen von Wirtschaftsforschungsinstituten im deutschsprachigen Raum - Eine bibliometrische Analyse [Publications of Economic Research Insitutes in the German Speaking Area - A bibliometric ," MPRA Paper 92240, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    14. Margit Schratzenstaller, 2015. "Steuerreform 2015/16 – Maßnahmen und Gesamteinschätzung," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 88(5), pages 371-385, May.
    15. Silvia Rocha-Akis & Viktor Steiner & Christine Zulehner, 2016. "Verteilungswirkungen des österreichischen Steuer- und Sozialabgabensystems 2007/2016," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 89(5), pages 347-359, May.
    16. Margit Schratzenstaller & Fanny Dellinger, 2018. "Genderdifferenzierte Lenkungswirkungen des Abgabensystems auf das Arbeitsangebot," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 91(2), pages 105-120, February.
    17. Gerhard Streicher, 2015. "Schätzung der Auswirkungen der Steuerreform 2015/16 auf die Wertschöpfung mit dem Modell FIDELIO," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 88(5), pages 417-424, May.
    18. Margit Schratzenstaller & Fanny Dellinger, 2018. "Regelungen im österreichischen Abgabensystem mit gleichstellungspolitischer Relevanz," WIFO Monatsberichte (monthly reports), WIFO, vol. 91(2), pages 121-137, February.
    19. Stefan Ederer & Josef Baumgartner & Jürgen Bierbaumer-Polly & Serguei Kaniovski & Silvia Rocha-Akis & Gerhard Streicher, 2016. "Österreich 2025 – Privater Konsum und öffentliche Investitionen in Österreich," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 59037, February.

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