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L’Impact Des Coûts A L’Échange Sur Le Commerce Des Pays Mena: Le Rôle Des Couts Directs Et Indirects Liés Au Transport Maritime

Author

Listed:
  • Gabriel FIGUEIREDO DE OLIVEIRA

    (LEAD)

  • Nicolas PERIDY

    (LEAD)

Abstract

Cet article propose une évaluation de l’impact des coûts à l’échange, en particulier des coûts du transport maritime, dans les pays MENA (Middle-East and North Africa) à partir des nouveaux modèles de gravité sur la période 2000-2009. Outre les coûts politiques, comme les barrières tarifaires et non tarifaires, nous estimons l’impact des coûts directs à l’export à partir d’une variable originale mesurant le taux de fret bilatéral. L’impact coûts indirects suivants est également testé : nombre de transbordements, taille et âge des na-vires, type de concurrence et performance logistique. L’estimation est réalisée avec les estimateurs Hausman et Taylor ainsi que GMM. Les principaux résul-tats montrent que les pays MENA présentent généralement des coûts à l’échange plus élevés que les autres pays. En outre, l’impact négatif de ces coûts sur les échanges internationaux est plus important pour les pays MENA que pour les autres pays, en particulier le taux de fret et le nombre de transbor-dements. Les résultats suggèrent donc que ces pays sont particulièrement péna-lisés par ces coûts en termes de compétitivité. Des politiques appropriées méri-teraient donc d’être mises en place afin de les réduire, comme la modernisation des ports, l’amélioration de la qualité des services de l’Etat, la hausse de la concurrence, le rajeunissement de la flotte, etc.

Suggested Citation

  • Gabriel FIGUEIREDO DE OLIVEIRA & Nicolas PERIDY, 2015. "L’Impact Des Coûts A L’Échange Sur Le Commerce Des Pays Mena: Le Rôle Des Couts Directs Et Indirects Liés Au Transport Maritime," Region et Developpement, Region et Developpement, LEAD, Universite du Sud - Toulon Var, vol. 41, pages 125-147.
  • Handle: RePEc:tou:journl:v:41:y:2015:p:125-147
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • F12 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Models of Trade with Imperfect Competition and Scale Economies; Fragmentation
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • R41 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Transportation Economics - - - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Travel Time; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise

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