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Defining an ‘Epidemiological Risk Index’ to analyse COVID-19 mortality across European regions

Author

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  • Josep-Maria Arauzo-Carod

    (Universitat Rovira i Virgili)

  • José-Manuel Giménez-Gómez

    (Universitat Rovira i Virgili)

  • Maria Llop

    (Universitat Rovira i Virgili)

Abstract

The spread and severity of COVID-19 within the European regions have been highly heterogeneous, with significant differences in both the number of infected persons and mortality across regions. This paper improves the weak ability of welfare variables, such as the HDI, to explain COVID-19 mortality. We propose a novel ‘Epidemiological Risk Index’, including environmental quality, global interaction, health system infrastructure, and population characteristics, which provides a better explanation of pandemic mortality in European regions. We deal with spatial interdependence in COVID-19 mortality by using spatial lagged covariates and Geographical Weighted Regressions. The findings in this study call attention to the influence of epidemiological factors in addition to purely development factors in explaining the severity of COVID-19.

Suggested Citation

  • Josep-Maria Arauzo-Carod & José-Manuel Giménez-Gómez & Maria Llop, 2024. "Defining an ‘Epidemiological Risk Index’ to analyse COVID-19 mortality across European regions," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 73(1), pages 87-109, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:anresc:v:73:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1007_s00168-023-01250-1
    DOI: 10.1007/s00168-023-01250-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Andrés Rodríguez‐Pose & Chiara Burlina, 2021. "Institutions and the uneven geography of the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 61(4), pages 728-752, September.
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    3. Alessandra Buja & Matteo Paganini & Silvia Cocchio & Manuela Scioni & Vincenzo Rebba & Vincenzo Baldo, 2020. "Demographic and socio-economic factors, and healthcare resource indicators associated with the rapid spread of COVID-19 in Northern Italy: An ecological study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(12), pages 1-13, December.
    4. Koenker, Roger W & Bassett, Gilbert, Jr, 1978. "Regression Quantiles," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 46(1), pages 33-50, January.
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • I15 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Economic Development
    • I30 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General
    • R10 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - General

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