IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sgm/jbfeuw/v2y2016i6p68-89.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Financial Inclusion, Growth and Inequality: A Model Application to Colombia

Author

Listed:
  • Izabela Karpowicz

    (International Monetary Fund, USA)

Abstract

Financial inclusion has been one of the key pillars of Colombia’s development strategy for a number of years. Financial inclusion policies have aimed at channeling microcredit to poor, spreading formal banking system usage, fostering electronic payment acceptance, and making financial services more affordable. Using simulations from a general equilibrium model it is possible to identify the most binding financial sector frictions that preclude financial inclusion of enterprises, and study the effects on growth and inequality of efforts to remove these frictions. The study finds that lowering contraints on collateral promises higher growth while inequality is better tackled through measures that lower the financial participation cost.

Suggested Citation

  • Izabela Karpowicz, 2016. "Financial Inclusion, Growth and Inequality: A Model Application to Colombia," Journal of Banking and Financial Economics, University of Warsaw, Faculty of Management, vol. 2(6), pages 68-89, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:sgm:jbfeuw:v:2:y:2016:i:6:p:68-89
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.wz.uw.edu.pl/portaleFiles/3842-journal-of-b/articles/jbfe22016/JBFE_2%286%292016_4-I.Karpowicz.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ms. Izabela Karpowicz, 2014. "Financial Inclusion, Growth and Inequality: A Model Application to Colombia," IMF Working Papers 2014/166, International Monetary Fund.
    2. Robert G. King & Ross Levine, 1993. "Finance and Growth: Schumpeter Might Be Right," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 108(3), pages 717-737.
    3. Joaquin Blaum, 2012. "Wealth Inequality and the Losses from Financial Frictions," 2012 Meeting Papers 1077, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    4. Levine, Ross, 2005. "Finance and Growth: Theory and Evidence," Handbook of Economic Growth, in: Philippe Aghion & Steven Durlauf (ed.), Handbook of Economic Growth, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 12, pages 865-934, Elsevier.
    5. Leora Klapper & Dorothe Singer, 2015. "The Role of Informal Financial Services in Africa," Journal of African Economies, Centre for the Study of African Economies, vol. 24(suppl_1), pages 12-31.
    6. Mandira Sarma, 2008. "Index of Financial Inclusion," Working Papers id:1575, eSocialSciences.
    7. Meghana Ayyagari & Asli Demirgüç-Kunt & Vojislav Maksimovic, 2010. "Formal versus Informal Finance: Evidence from China," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 23(8), pages 3048-3097, August.
    8. Mandira Sarma, "undated". "Index of Financial Inclusion," Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi Working Papers 215, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi, India.
    9. Alem, Mauro & Townsend, Robert M., 2014. "An evaluation of financial institutions: Impact on consumption and investment using panel data and the theory of risk-bearing," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 183(1), pages 91-103.
    10. Thorsten Beck & Asli Demirgüç‐Kunt & Vojislav Maksimovic, 2005. "Financial and Legal Constraints to Growth: Does Firm Size Matter?," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 60(1), pages 137-177, February.
    11. Ricardo N. Bebczuk, 2008. "Financial Inclusion in Latin America and the Caribbean: Review and Lessons," CEDLAS, Working Papers 0068, CEDLAS, Universidad Nacional de La Plata.
    12. Noelia Cámara & David Tuesta, 2018. "Measuring financial inclusion: a multidimensional index," IFC Bulletins chapters, in: Bank for International Settlements (ed.), The role of data in supporting financial inclusion policy, volume 47, Bank for International Settlements.
    13. Rekha Reddy & Miriam Bruhn & Congyan Tan, 2013. "Financial Capability in Colombia [Capacidades financieras en Colombia : resultados de la encuesta nacional sobre comportamientos, actitudes y conocimientos financieros]," World Bank Publications - Reports 23692, The World Bank Group.
    14. Demirguc-Kunt, Asli & Klapper, Leora, 2012. "Measuring financial inclusion : the Global Findex Database," Policy Research Working Paper Series 6025, The World Bank.
    15. Benjamin Moll & Robert M. Townsend & Victor Zhorin, 2013. "Economic Development, Flow of Funds and the Equilibrium Interaction of Financial Frictions," NBER Working Papers 19618, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    16. Mandira Sarma, 2008. "Index of Financial Inclusion," Finance Working Papers 22259, East Asian Bureau of Economic Research.
    17. Rekha Reddy & Miriam Bruhn & Congyan Tan, 2013. "Financial Capability in Mexico : Results from a National Survey on Financial Behaviors, Attitudes, and Knowledge [Capacidades financieras en México : resultados de la encuesta nacional sobre compor," World Bank Publications - Reports 16756, The World Bank Group.
    18. Thorsten Beck & Asli Demirgüç-Kunt & Ross Levine, 2007. "Finance, inequality and the poor," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 12(1), pages 27-49, March.
    19. Meghana Ayyagari & Asli Demirgüc-Kunt & Vojislav Maksimovic, 2008. "How Well Do Institutional Theories Explain Firms' Perceptions of Property Rights?," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 21(4), pages 1833-1871, July.
    20. Bruhn, Miriam & Love, Inessa, 2009. "The economic impact of banking the unbanked : evidence from Mexico," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4981, The World Bank.
    21. Georg R. G. Clarke & Lixin Colin Xu & Heng-fu Zou, 2006. "Finance and Income Inequality: What Do the Data Tell Us?," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 72(3), pages 578-596, January.
    22. Liliana Rojas-Suarez and Maria Alejandra Amado, 2014. "Understanding Latin America’s Financial Inclusion Gap - Working Paper 367," Working Papers 367, Center for Global Development.
    23. International Monetary Fund, 2015. "Nigeria: Selected Issues Paper," IMF Staff Country Reports 2015/085, International Monetary Fund.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Tarna Silue, 2021. "Financial Inclusion and Economic Growth : Evidence in the Digital Environment of Developing Countries," Working Papers hal-03281843, HAL.
    2. Ozili, Peterson K, 2023. "The Future of Financial Inclusion," MPRA Paper 118800, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Mohamed Samy ElDeeb & Yasser Tawfik Halim & Esmat Mostafa Kamel, 2021. "The pillars determining financial inclusion among SMEs in Egypt: service awareness, access and usage metrics and macroeconomic policies," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 7(1), pages 1-19, December.
    4. Thereza Balliester Reis, 2021. "What is financial inclusion? A critical review," Working Papers 246, Department of Economics, SOAS University of London, UK.
    5. Thereza Balliester Reis, 2022. "Socio‐economic determinants of financial inclusion: An evaluation with a microdata multidimensional index," Journal of International Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 34(3), pages 587-611, April.
    6. Munacinga Simatele & Loyiso Maciko, 2022. "Financial Inclusion in Rural South Africa: A Qualitative Approach," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-22, August.
    7. Guillermo Boitano & Deybi Franco Abanto, 2020. "Challenges of financial inclusion policies in Peru," Revista Finanzas y Politica Economica, Universidad Católica de Colombia, vol. 12(1), pages 89-117, June.
    8. Tarna Silue, 2021. "Financial Inclusion and Economic Growth : Evidence in the Digital Environment of Developing Countries," CERDI Working papers hal-03281843, HAL.
    9. Shruti Malik & Girish Chandra Maheshwari & Archana Singh, 2019. "Understanding Financial Inclusion in India: A Theoretical Framework Building Through SAP–LAP and Efficient IRP," Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, Springer;Global Institute of Flexible Systems Management, vol. 20(2), pages 117-140, June.
    10. Sheng Xu & Michael Asiedu & Nana Adwoa Anokye Effah, 2023. "Inclusive Finance, Gender Inequality, and Sustainable Economic Growth in Africa," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 14(4), pages 4866-4902, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ms. Era Dabla-Norris & Yixi Deng & Anna Ivanova & Ms. Izabela Karpowicz & Ms. Filiz D Unsal & Eva VanLeemput & Joyce Wong, 2015. "Financial Inclusion: Zooming in on Latin America," IMF Working Papers 2015/206, International Monetary Fund.
    2. Tran Huong Thi Thanh & Le Ha Thi Thu, 2021. "The Impact of Financial Inclusion on Poverty Reduction," Asian Journal of Law and Economics, De Gruyter, vol. 12(1), pages 95-119, April.
    3. Giorgio Nuzzo & Stefano Piermattei, 2020. "Discussing Measures of Financial Inclusion for the Main Euro Area Countries," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 148(3), pages 765-786, April.
    4. Thanh Tam Le & Nguyen Dieu Linh Dang & Thi Dieu Thu Nguyen & Thanh Son Vu & Manh Dung Tran, 2019. "Determinants of Financial Inclusion: Comparative Study of Asian Countries," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 9(10), pages 1107-1123, October.
    5. Ms. Era Dabla-Norris & Yan Ji & Robert M. Townsend & Ms. Filiz D Unsal, 2015. "Identifying Constraints to Financial Inclusion and Their Impact on GDP and Inequality: A Structural Framework for Policy," IMF Working Papers 2015/022, International Monetary Fund.
    6. US Thathsarani & Jianguo Wei & GRSRC Samaraweera, 2021. "Financial Inclusion’s Role in Economic Growth and Human Capital in South Asia: An Econometric Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-18, April.
    7. Marcelin, Isaac & Egbendewe, Aklesso Y.G. & Oloufade, Djoulassi K. & Sun, Wei, 2022. "Financial inclusion, bank ownership, and economy performance: Evidence from developing countries," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 46(PA).
    8. Shantanu Ghosh & Tarak Nath Sahu, 2021. "Financial inclusion and economic status of the states of India: An empirical evidence," Economic Notes, Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena SpA, vol. 50(2), July.
    9. Chakravarty, Satya R. & Pal, Rupayan, 2013. "Financial inclusion in India: An axiomatic approach," Journal of Policy Modeling, Elsevier, vol. 35(5), pages 813-837.
    10. Loan Thi-Hong Van & Anh The Vo & Nhan Thien Nguyen & Duc Hong Vo, 2021. "Financial Inclusion and Economic GROWTH: An International Evidence," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 57(1), pages 239-263, January.
    11. Federico, Domenica & Grazioli, Riccardo & Milioli, Maria Adele & Notte, Antonella & Poletti, Lucia, 2021. "Financial and social inclusion in Europe," EIF Working Paper Series 2021/72, European Investment Fund (EIF).
    12. Kazeem B. Ajide & Olorunfemi Y. Alimi & Simplice A. Asongu & Ibrahim D. Raheem, 2022. "The role of institutional infrastructures in financial inclusion‐growth relations: Evidence from SSA," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(1), pages 175-191, January.
    13. Giorgio Nuzzo & Stefano Piermattei, 2019. "Measuring financial inclusion in the main euro area countries: the role of electronic cards," Questioni di Economia e Finanza (Occasional Papers) 504, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    14. Fareeha Adil & Abdul Jalil, 2020. "Determining the Financial Inclusion Output of Banking Sector of Pakistan—Supply-Side Analysis," Economies, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-20, May.
    15. Isaac Mwangi & Rosemary Atieno, 2018. "Impact of Financial Inclusion on Consumption Expenditure in Kenya," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 10(5), pages 114-128, May.
    16. Tony Cavoli & Sasidaran Gopalan & Ramkishen S. Rajan, 2020. "Does Financial Inclusion Amplify Output Volatility in Emerging and Developing Economies?," Open Economies Review, Springer, vol. 31(4), pages 901-930, September.
    17. Zarina Abd Rahman, 2015. "Financial inclusion in Malaysia: tracking progress using index," IFC Bulletins chapters, in: Bank for International Settlements (ed.), Proceedings of the Workshop on "Financial Inclusion Indicators", co-hosted by the Bank Negara Malaysia, Sasana Kijang, Kuala Lumpur, 5-6 November 2012, volume 38, Bank for International Settlements.
    18. El-Bourainy Mehry & Salah Ashraf & ElSherif Marwa, 2021. "The Impact of Financial Inclusion on Unemployment Rate in Developing Countries," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 11(1), pages 79-93.
    19. Yadava, Anup Kumar & Singh, Bhanu Pratap & Yadav, Vishal, 2021. "Nexus of Financial Inclusion and Economic Growth: Benchmarking the Performance of Indian States," MPRA Paper 108479, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    20. Amit Pandey & Ravi Kiran & Rakesh Kumar Sharma, 2022. "Investigating the Impact of Financial Inclusion Drivers, Financial Literacy and Financial Initiatives in Fostering Sustainable Growth in North India," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-21, September.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Financial deepening; financial inclusion; access to finance; inequality.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G2 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • O16 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Financial Markets; Saving and Capital Investment; Corporate Finance and Governance

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sgm:jbfeuw:v:2:y:2016:i:6:p:68-89. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: the person in charge (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/somuwpl.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.