IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/inrsre/v17y1994i1p99-119.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement: Impacts on U.S. States and Canadian Provinces

Author

Listed:
  • Barney Warf

    (Department of Geography, Florida State University, Tallahassee FL 32306-2050 USA)

  • James Randall

    (Department of Geography, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon SA S7N OWO Canada)

Abstract

The U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement initiated in 1989 will remove most of the remaining barriers to trade and will have substantial impacts on regional economies in both nations. The economic effects of this Free Trade Agreement are analyzed using a three-stage approach. First, the origin states and provinces of exports from each nation to the other are approximated using weights derived from local output by industry as a share of national totals. Second, commodity-specific analyses of tariffs and nontariff barriers, as well as price and income elasticities of demand, are used to estimate changes in exports from regions in both nations. Third, a series of state- and province-specific input-output analyses are used to model the effects of export increases. The output and employment gains attributable to the Free Trade Agreement indicate that while the largest increases are likely to occur in the traditional manufacturing cores of both nations, relative export gains will be dispersed in a complex patchwork of regions in both nations.

Suggested Citation

  • Barney Warf & James Randall, 1994. "The U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement: Impacts on U.S. States and Canadian Provinces," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 17(1), pages 99-119, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:inrsre:v:17:y:1994:i:1:p:99-119
    DOI: 10.1177/016001769401700105
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/016001769401700105
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/016001769401700105?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bates, Robert H. & Brock, Philip & Tiefenthaler, Jill, 1991. "Risk and trade regimes: another exploration," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 45(1), pages 1-18, January.
    2. Gary Clyde Hufbauer & Jeffrey J. Schott, 1992. "North American Free Trade: Issues and Recommendations," Peterson Institute Press: All Books, Peterson Institute for International Economics, number 71, January.
    3. Richardson, J. David, 1990. "The political economy of strategic trade policy," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 44(1), pages 107-135, January.
    4. Michaely, Michael, 1977. "Exports and growth : An empirical investigation," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 4(1), pages 49-53, February.
    5. J Holmes, 1992. "The Continental Integration of the North American Automobile Industry: From the Auto Pact to the FTA and beyond," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 24(1), pages 95-119, January.
    6. Kavoussi, Rostam M., 1984. "Export expansion and economic growth : Further empirical evidence," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 241-250.
    7. Thompson, William R. & Vescera, Lawrence, 1992. "Growth waves, systemic openness, and protectionism," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 46(2), pages 493-532, April.
    8. Jagdish N. Bhagwati, 1989. "United States Trade Policy at the Crossroads," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 12(4), pages 439-480, December.
    9. Cohen, Benjamin J., 1990. "The political economy of international trade," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 44(2), pages 261-281, April.
    10. Letourneau, R. & Lester, J., 1988. "Econometric Estimates Of Import Price Elasticities For Canada," Working Papers-Department of Finance Canada 1988-5, Department of Finance Canada.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ashfaque H. Khan & Afia Malik & Lubna Hasan, 1995. "Exports, Growth and Causality: An Application of Co-integration and Error-correction Modelling," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 34(4), pages 1001-1012.
    2. Muhammad Shahbaz & Pervaz Azim & Khalil Ahmad, 2011. "Exports-Led Growth Hypothesis in Pakistan: Further Evidence," Asian Economic and Financial Review, Asian Economic and Social Society, vol. 1(3), pages 182-197.
    3. Onafowora, Olugbenga A. & Owoye, Oluwole, 1998. "Can Trade Liberalization Stimulate Economic Growth in Africa?," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 26(3), pages 497-506, March.
    4. Christian Dreger & Dierk Herzer, 2013. "A further examination of the export-led growth hypothesis," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 45(1), pages 39-60, August.
    5. Khalafalla, Khalid Yousif & Webb, Alan J., 2000. "Exports And Economic Growth Under Structural Change: A Co-Integration Analysis Of Evidence From Malaysia," Working Papers 14595, International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium.
    6. Fadzil, Atikah & Masih, Mansur, 2017. "Does export lead growth? evidence from Japan," MPRA Paper 109290, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Nahanga Verter & Věra Bečvářová, 2016. "The Impact of Agricultural Exports on Economic Growth in Nigeria," Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, Mendel University Press, vol. 64(2), pages 691-700.
    8. Rivas, Gonzalo, 1994. "Las exportaciones y el proceso de crecimiento," Series Históricas 9609, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    9. Turan Subasat, 2003. "Does the Dollar Index Really Measure Outward Orientation?," International Review of Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(3), pages 309-326.
    10. Joshua J. Lewer & Hendrik Van den Berg, 2003. "How Large Is International Trade’s Effect on Economic Growth?," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 17(3), pages 363-396, July.
    11. Hiemenz U. & Langhammer, Rolf J., 1986. "Efficiency pre-conditions for successful integration of developing countries into the world economy," ILO Working Papers 992485213402676, International Labour Organization.
    12. Neil Foster, 2006. "Exports, growth and threshold effects in Africa," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 42(6), pages 1056-1074.
    13. Abhijit Sharma & Theodore Panagiotidis, 2003. "An Analysis of Exports and Growth in India: Some Empirical Evidence (1971-2001)," Working Papers 2003004, The University of Sheffield, Department of Economics, revised Nov 2003.
    14. Syed Tehseen Jawaid, 2014. "Trade Openness and Economic Growth," Foreign Trade Review, , vol. 49(2), pages 193-212, May.
    15. Bakari, Sayef, 2016. "L’impact des Exportations Agricoles sur la Croissance Économique en Tunisie Durant la Période 1988 – 2014 [The Impact of Agricultural Exports on Economic Growth in Tunisia During the Period 1988 - ," MPRA Paper 80655, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. Hakan Çetintaş & Salih Barişik, 2009. "Export, Import and Economic Growth: The Case of Transition Economies," Transition Studies Review, Springer;Central Eastern European University Network (CEEUN), vol. 15(4), pages 636-649, February.
    17. Nasim Shah Shirazi & Turkhan Ali Abdul Manap, 2005. "Export-Led Growth Hypothesis: Further Econometric Evidence From South Asia," The Developing Economies, Institute of Developing Economies, vol. 43(4), pages 472-488, December.
    18. Ana María Cuadros Ramos, 2000. "Exportaciones y crecimiento económico: Un análisis de causalidad para México," Estudios Económicos, El Colegio de México, Centro de Estudios Económicos, vol. 15(1), pages 37-64.
    19. João Paulo Martin Faleiros & Denisard Cnéio de Oliveira Alves, 2008. "Modelo de Crescimento Baseado nas Exportações: Evidências empíricas para Chile, Brasil e México, em uma perspectiva Não Linear," Anais do XXXVI Encontro Nacional de Economia [Proceedings of the 36th Brazilian Economics Meeting] 200807170923500, ANPEC - Associação Nacional dos Centros de Pós-Graduação em Economia [Brazilian Association of Graduate Programs in Economics].
    20. David Greenaway & Wyn Morgan & Peter Wright, 1999. "Exports, export composition and growth," The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(1), pages 41-51.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:inrsre:v:17:y:1994:i:1:p:99-119. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.