IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/prs/rvofce/ofce_0751-6614_1998_num_66_1_1507.html

La seconde explosion scolaire : diffusion des diplômes, structure sociale et valeur des titres

Author

Listed:
  • Louis Chauvel

Abstract

[eng] The second university boom the diffusion of education the social structure and the value of diplomas. Louis Chauvel. In France, the forty last years were characterised by two successive University booms. A first wave of expansion marked the sixties and benefited to the cohorts born during the forties. Nowadays, the cohorts born twenty years ago are experiencing second boom. Between these two rises, a long stagnation occurred. So, the progress of education seems to be convulsive, and the trend is not linear. A complex system of intra and inter-cohort inequalities results of this progress, and its long term consequences are difficult to foresee. The gap between the bottom and the top of educational hierarchy is unsteady and the link between position on the educational scale and social situation is impossible to anticipate for the consecutive cohorts. For the new cohorts, a potential consequence is an important devaluation of the grades corresponding to the first years of college. Evidently, such phenomenon would have been smoothed with the planing of the long term educational progress since the last decades. [fre] Le niveau éducation connu une élévation considérable depuis 50 ans : l'âge moyen de fin études est passé de 13 ans et demi en 1948 à 18 ans et demi aujourd'hui. En réalité, la croissance scolaire moyenne de la population active dissimule deux explosions scolaires successives : de la première ont bénéficié ceux nés entre 1937 et 1948 environ (scolarisés pour essentiel la fin des années cinquante et dans les années soixante pour ceux qui firent des études supérieures), de la seconde ceux venus au monde après 1968, qui connaissent aujourd'hui une seconde explosion, dont on ne peut savoir pour l'instant jusqu'où elle ira : l'âge médian de fin d'études des nouveaux sortants de 1997 est de 22 ans, alors qu'il n'était que de 19 ans voilà dix ans. Aussi le mouvement de croissance des diplômes est-il convulsif, et non régulier, ce qui implique des perturbations importantes et des difficultés à établir une correspondance entre la hiérarchie des titres scolaires et celle des professions, d'autant que, d'année en année, le haut et le bas de la pyramide des niveaux de scolarité varient de façon inégale. Apparemment, cette seconde explosion scolaire risque d'avoir pour conséquence une dévalorisation importante des titres de premiers cycles universitaires pour les cohortes nées à partir de 1970. Il est difficile encore d'en évaluer l'ampleur : l'explosion se prolonge et les cohortes qui la connaissent aujour hui sont loin êtres toutes entrées dans le monde du travail.

Suggested Citation

  • Louis Chauvel, 1998. "La seconde explosion scolaire : diffusion des diplômes, structure sociale et valeur des titres," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 66(1), pages 5-36.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rvofce:ofce_0751-6614_1998_num_66_1_1507
    DOI: 10.3406/ofce.1998.1507
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ofce.1998.1507
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.3406/ofce.1998.1507
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.persee.fr/doc/ofce_0751-6614_1998_num_66_1_1507
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.3406/ofce.1998.1507?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Louis Dirn, 1997. "Chronique des tendances de la société française," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 62(1), pages 203-232.
    2. Albrecht, James W., 1981. "A procedure for testing the signalling hypothesis," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 15(1), pages 123-132, February.
    3. Christian Baudelot & Michel Glaude, 1989. "Les diplômes se dévaluent-ils en se multipliant ?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 225(1), pages 3-16.
    4. Louis Dirn & Louis Chauvel & Michel Forse & Henri Mendras & Laurent Mucchielli, 1997. "Chronique des tendances de la société française," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 60(1), pages 79-106.
    5. Louis Dirn, 1997. "Chronique des tendances de la société française," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 61(1), pages 201-226.
    6. Michael Spence, 1973. "Job Market Signaling," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 87(3), pages 355-374.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. J-P.Guironnet, 2006. "Analyse cliométrique des cycles de croissance de l'éducation en France (1815-2003): vers un modèle à seuil autorégressif," Economies et Sociétés (Serie 'Histoire Economique Quantitative'), Association Française de Cliométrie (AFC), issue 34, pages 193-214, February.
    2. Camille Peugny, 2007. "Éducation et mobilité sociale : la situation paradoxale des générations nées dans les années 1960," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 410(1), pages 23-45.
    3. Olivier Chardon, 2005. "La spécialité de formation joue un rôle secondaire pour accéder à la plupart des métiers," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 388(1), pages 37-56.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. repec:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/2087 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Louis Dirn & Louis Chauvel & Michel Forse & Henri Mendras & Denis Stoclet & Laurence Duboys Fresney & Jean-Pierre Jaslin & Yannick Lemel, 1998. "Chronique des tendances de la société française," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 65(1), pages 345-363.
    3. Jacques Le Cacheux & Vincent Touzé, 2003. "Vieillissement et richesse des nations," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 84(1), pages 47-91.
    4. Herrmann, Andrea M. & Zaal, Petra M. & Chappin, Maryse M.H. & Schemmann, Brita & Lühmann, Amelie, 2023. "“We don't need no (higher) education” - How the gig economy challenges the education-income paradigm," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 186(PA).
    5. Claude Diebolt, 2016. "Modelling Education Dynamics with Cliometrics Foundations," Working Papers 01-16, Association Française de Cliométrie (AFC).
    6. Latifa EL BARDIY & Abdeljalil LOUHMADI, 2017. "Human capital and its impact on employment quality: Sector and wage," Journal of Economics and Political Economy, KSP Journals, vol. 4(4), pages 408-419, December.
    7. Suqin Ge & Hans Haller, 2018. "Job Market Signaling and Returns to Education," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 84(3), pages 734-741, January.
    8. Soumyanetra Munshi, 2014. "'Arranged' Marriage, Education, and Dowry: A Contract-Theoretic Perspective," Working Papers id:5696, eSocialSciences.
    9. Latifa EL BARDIY & Abdeljalil LOUHMADI, 2017. "Human capital and its impact on employment quality: Sector and wage," Journal of Economics and Political Economy, EconSciences Journals, vol. 4(4), pages 408-419, December.
    10. Magali Jaoul, 2004. "Enseignement supérieur et marchés du travail. Analyse économétrique de la théorie de l'engorgement," Economie & Prévision, La Documentation Française, vol. 166(5), pages 39-57.
    11. Fabrizio Zerbini, 2017. "CSR Initiatives as Market Signals: A Review and Research Agenda," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 146(1), pages 1-23, November.
    12. César Zamudio & Suyun Mah & Vanitha Swaminathan, 2026. "Old signals, new era: Reconsidering how customer satisfaction and employee satisfaction impact shareholder wealth," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 54(1), pages 113-134, February.
    13. Thomas O. BRODATY & Robert J. GARY-BOBO & Ana PRIETO, 2009. "Does Speed Signal Ability , A Test of Spence's Theory," Working Papers 2009-02, Center for Research in Economics and Statistics.
    14. Henry S. Farber & Robert Gibbons, 1996. "Learning and Wage Dynamics," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 111(4), pages 1007-1047.
    15. Li, Sen & Zhang, Yi, 2025. "Environmental risk and stock price crash risk: Evidence from energy substitution policy adoption," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    16. Randall Holcombe, 2009. "The behavioral foundations of Austrian economics," The Review of Austrian Economics, Springer;Society for the Development of Austrian Economics, vol. 22(4), pages 301-313, December.
    17. Munyanyi, Musharavati Ephraim, 2012. "Education and Earnings nexus in Zimbabwe after the 2005-2008 hyper-inflationary period: An empirical analysis," MPRA Paper 75112, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    18. Maite Blázquez & Santiago Budr�a, 2012. "Overeducation dynamics and personality," Education Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(3), pages 260-283, March.
    19. Castagnetti, Carolina & Rosti, Luisa, 2010. "Gender stereotyping and wage discrimination among Italian graduates," MPRA Paper 26685, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    20. Sènakpon Fidèle A. Dedehouanou & Luca Tiberti & Hilaire G. Houeninvo & Djohodo Inès Monwanou, 2019. "Working while studying: Employment premium or penalty for youth in Benin?," Working Papers PMMA 2019-03, PEP-PMMA.
    21. Hugh-Jones, David & Reinstein, David, 2012. "Anonymous rituals," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 81(2), pages 478-489.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:prs:rvofce:ofce_0751-6614_1998_num_66_1_1507. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Equipe PERSEE (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.persee.fr/collection/ofce .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.