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Revisiting Louis Fry’s spiritual leadership model in confessional school teachers using structural equation modeling (SEM)

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  • Lorena Martinez-Soto
  • Flor Ontiveros Ramírez
  • Iván Dario Toro Jaramillo
  • Nelly Rosario Moreno-Leyva

Abstract

This paper examines the construct validity of the spiritual leadership model proposed by (Fry et al. 2005). The analysis focused on examining the relationships proposed by the model through CFA and structural equation modeling (SEM). A confirmatory factor analysis indicated the SL scale provides acceptable reliability and convergent validity indexes; however, it did not achieve discriminant validity. Model convergence was obtained using MLR (Robust Maximum Likelihood) methods. However, when the robustness indices were analyzed, it was found that some obtained acceptable results and others were deficient, so that an acceptable model fit was not achieved. Regarding the relationship between the hypotheses, it was found that they were significant in all cases except for the reciprocal relationship between vision and altruistic love. In light of this finding, alternative models were developed that also failed to yield significant results. The theoretical and methodological discussion focuses on the relationships of Fry’s model and addresses the need to review its causal nature, considering recursive and non-recursive aspects.

Suggested Citation

  • Lorena Martinez-Soto & Flor Ontiveros Ramírez & Iván Dario Toro Jaramillo & Nelly Rosario Moreno-Leyva, 2024. "Revisiting Louis Fry’s spiritual leadership model in confessional school teachers using structural equation modeling (SEM)," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 19(9), pages 1-21, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0299671
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299671
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Louis Fry & Melanie Cohen, 2009. "Spiritual Leadership as a Paradigm for Organizational Transformation and Recovery from Extended Work Hours Cultures," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 84(2), pages 265-278, January.
    2. Birdsall, Nancy & Lustig, Nora & Meyer, Christian J., 2014. "The Strugglers: The New Poor in Latin America?," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 132-146.
    3. Albert Satorra & Peter Bentler, 2001. "A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 66(4), pages 507-514, December.
    4. Joselina Caridad Tavárez de Henríquez & Cándida María Domínguez Valerio, 2023. "Satisfaction with the Work Done in University Employees: A Study from a Developing Country," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-17, October.
    5. Christopher Mabey & Mervyn Conroy & Karen Blakeley & Sara Marco, 2017. "Having Burned the Straw Man of Christian Spiritual Leadership, what can We Learn from Jesus About Leading Ethically?," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 145(4), pages 757-769, November.
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