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Sustainable Phosphorus Loadings from Effective and Cost-Effective Phosphorus Management Around the Baltic Sea

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  • Andreas C Bryhn

Abstract

Nutrient over-enrichment of the Baltic Sea, accompanied by intensified algal blooms and decreasing water clarity, has aroused widespread concern in the surrounding countries during the last four decades. This work has used a well-tested dynamic mass-balance model to investigate which decrease in total phosphorus loading would be required to meet the environmental goal to restore the trophic state in the Baltic Sea to pre-1960s levels. Furthermore, the extent to which various abatement options may decrease the phosphorus loading in a cost-effective manner has been studied. Upgrading urban sewage treatment in the catchment could, alone or in combination with banning phosphates in detergents, be sufficient to meet the set environmental goal, at an estimated annual basin-wide cost of 0.21–0.43 billion euro. Such a plan would potentially decrease the total phosphorus loading to the Baltic Sea with 6,650–10,200 tonnes per year.

Suggested Citation

  • Andreas C Bryhn, 2009. "Sustainable Phosphorus Loadings from Effective and Cost-Effective Phosphorus Management Around the Baltic Sea," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 4(5), pages 1-7, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0005417
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005417
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Turner, R. Kerry & Georgiou, Stavros & Gren, Ing-Marie & Wulff, Fredric & Barrett, Scott & Soderqvist, Tore & Bateman, Ian J. & Folke, Carl & Langaas, Sindre & Zylicz, Tomasz, 1999. "Managing nutrient fluxes and pollution in the Baltic: an interdisciplinary simulation study," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 30(2), pages 333-352, August.
    2. Ing-Marie Gren, 2001. "International Versus National Actions Against Nitrogen Pollution of the Baltic Sea," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 20(1), pages 41-59, September.
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    1. Pattison-Williams, John K. & Yang, Wanhong & Liu, Yongbo & Gabor, Shane, 2017. "Riparian wetland conservation: A case study of phosphorous and social return on investment in the Black River watershed," Ecosystem Services, Elsevier, vol. 26(PB), pages 400-410.
    2. Grames, Johanna & Zoboli, Ottavia & Laner, David & Rechberger, Helmut & Zessner, Matthias & Sánchez-Romero, Miguel & Prskawetz, Alexia, 2019. "Understanding feedbacks between economic decisions and the phosphorus resource cycle: A general equilibrium model including material flows," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 311-347.

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