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Modelling Gender Dimensions of the Impact of Economic Reforms on Time Allocation among Market, Household, and Leisure Activities in Pakistan

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  • Rizwana Siddiqui

    (Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Islamabad.)

Abstract

Developing countries are increasingly concerned about gender dimensions of the impacts of economic reforms initiated under the structural adjustment and stabilisation programmes. This article develops a gendered Computable General Equilibrium model based on the notions of production in paid economy and unpaid care economy pioneered by Fontana and Wood and applies it to Pakistan. The study assesses the impact of two types of shocks: trade liberalisation and fiscal adjustment. Results support the contention that trade liberalisation in the presence of compensatory measures overburdens women but reduces income-based poverty by all measures. In all other exercises, employment in the market sectors is decreased. The study concludes that despite significant changes in market employment, gender division of labour remains unequal within household economy.

Suggested Citation

  • Rizwana Siddiqui, 2005. "Modelling Gender Dimensions of the Impact of Economic Reforms on Time Allocation among Market, Household, and Leisure Activities in Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 44(4), pages 615-639.
    • Handle: RePEc:pid:journl:v:44:y:2005:i:4:p:615-639
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    Cited by:

    1. Escalante, Luis Enrique & Maisonnave, Helene, 2021. "Evaluating the Regional Impacts of Climate Change on Women's Well-Being, Domestic Burdens and Food Security in Bolivia," 2021 Conference, August 17-31, 2021, Virtual 315851, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    2. Antonopoulos, Rania., 2009. "The unpaid care work : paid work connection," ILO Working Papers 994274043402676, International Labour Organization.
    3. Escalante Ochoa, Luis Enrique & Maisonnave, Helene, 2021. "Evaluating the regional impacts of climate change on women's well-being, domestic burdens and food security in Bolivia," Conference papers 333302, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    4. Luis Enrique Escalante Ochoa & Hélène Maisonnave, 2021. "The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on women's welfare and domestic burdens in Bolivia," Working Papers hal-03118060, HAL.
    5. Latorre, Maria C., 2014. "CGE analysis of the impact of foreign direct investment and tariff reform on female and male wages," Policy Research Working Paper Series 7073, The World Bank.
    6. Filipski, Mateusz & Edward Taylor, J. & Msangi, Siwa, 2011. "Effects of Free Trade on Women and Immigrants: CAFTA and the Rural Dominican Republic," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 39(10), pages 1862-1877.
    7. Escalante, Luis Enrique & Maisonnave, Helene, 2022. "Impacts of climate disasters on women and food security in Bolivia," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    8. Luis Enrique Escalante Ochoa & Hélène Maisonnave, 2020. "Assessing the impacts of climate change on women's poverty and domestic burdens: A Bolivian case study," Working Papers hal-02970249, HAL.
    9. repec:ilo:ilowps:427404 is not listed on IDEAS
    10. Escalante Ochoa, Luis Enrique & Maisonnave, Helene, 2020. "Assessing the impacts of climate change on female poverty and domestic burdens: A Bolivian case study," Conference papers 333226, Purdue University, Center for Global Trade Analysis, Global Trade Analysis Project.
    11. Fatima Iqbal & Muhammad Bilal Ahmad & Rai Imtiaz Hussain & Sohail Aslam & Hafiz Fawad Ali, 2020. "Time Poverty among Working Females in Pakistan: A Qualitative Study," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 10(4), pages 170-175.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F16 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Labor Market Interactions
    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade

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