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La macroeconomía de la flotación sucia en una economía primario exportadora: el caso del Perú

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  • Waldo Mendoza Bellido

    ( Departamento de Economía de la PUCP)

Abstract

El régimen de tipo de cambio en el Perú no es fijo ni flotante. El Banco Central de Reserva del Perú (BCRP) rema en contra de la corriente en el mercado cambiario. Tiende a comprar dólares cuando el tipo de cambio baja, y tiende a vender cuando el tipo de cambio sube. Es un esquema de flotación sucia. En este artículo se presenta un modelo macroeconómico sencillo donde el banco central fija la tasa de interés y mantiene un régimen cambiario de flotación sucia, en el contexto de una economía pequeña, abierta, parcialmente dolarizada, exportadora de materias primas, con movilidad imperfecta de capitales y una política fiscal que opera con un límite al déficit fiscal estructural. Las predicciones del modelo son consistentes con la regla de intervención del BCRP y los principales hechos estilizados de la economía peruana desde el inicio del descenso del precio internacional de las materias primas a fines de 2011: caída drástica de la inversión privada, descenso del crecimiento del PBI, alza del tipo de cambio nominal y reducción de las reservas internacionales.

Suggested Citation

  • Waldo Mendoza Bellido, 2017. "La macroeconomía de la flotación sucia en una economía primario exportadora: el caso del Perú," Revista Economía, Fondo Editorial - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, vol. 40(79), pages 105-132.
  • Handle: RePEc:pcp:pucrev:y:2017:i:79:p:105-132
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Waldo Mendoza Bellido, 2015. "Fiscal Rules, Monetary Rules and External Shocks in a Primary-Export Economy: a Model for Latin America and the Caribbean," Documentos de Trabajo / Working Papers 2015-406, Departamento de Economía - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú.
    2. Oscar Dancourt, 2013. "Reglas de política monetaria y choques externos en una economía semidolarizada," Revista Economía, Fondo Editorial - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, vol. 36(72), pages 91-116.
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