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A Structural Model of the Analysis of Retail Market Power: The Case of Fluid Milk

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  • Vardges Hovhannisyan
  • Brian W. Gould

Abstract

We derive a structural model of firm behavior that is composed of the Generalized Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System to represent both consumers' milk preferences and firm profit maximization conditions that allow for a range of competitive scenarios. The importance of this specification is found in its fuller representation of consumer preferences, as opposed to the Linear Approximate Almost Ideal Demand System used in previous analyses. We apply this structural framework to investigate retailer conduct in the sale of beverage milk in a U.S. market using product-level data. Our Lerner Index estimates show that retailers are not perfectly competitive. However, this deviation is small. Copyright 2012, Oxford University Press.

Suggested Citation

  • Vardges Hovhannisyan & Brian W. Gould, 2012. "A Structural Model of the Analysis of Retail Market Power: The Case of Fluid Milk," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 94(1), pages 67-79.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:ajagec:v:94:y:2012:i:1:p:67-79
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/ajae/aar124
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    Cited by:

    1. Hovhannisyan, Vardges & Stiegert, Kyle W. & Bozic, Marin, 2013. "On Endogeneity Of Retail Market Power In An Equilibrium Analysis: A Control Function Approach," 2013 Annual Meeting, August 4-6, 2013, Washington, D.C. 149830, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    2. Xiaowei Cai & Kyle W. Stiegert, 2013. "Economic analysis of the US fluid milk industry," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(10), pages 971-977, July.
    3. Hovhannisyan, Vardges & Urutyan, Vardan, 2017. "A Structural Model of Pre-committed Demand: The Case of Food Demand in China," 2017 Annual Meeting, July 30-August 1, Chicago, Illinois 258200, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    4. Hovhannisyan, Vardges & Bozic, Marin, 2013. "A Benefit-Function Approach to Studying Market Power: An Application to the U.S. Yogurt Market," Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 38(2), pages 1-15, August.
    5. Koppenberg, Maximilian & Hirsch, Stefan, 2020. "Comparing methods for markup estimation with an application to EU food retailing," 2020 Annual Meeting, July 26-28, Kansas City, Missouri 304272, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    6. Anonymous & Bosch, Darrell J., 2013. "Table of contents," Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Southern Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 45(01), February.
    7. Lopez, Rigoberto A. & Zheng, Hualu & Azzam, Azzeddine, 2015. "Oligopoly Power in the Food Industries Revisited: A Stochastic Frontier Approach," 2015 AAEA & WAEA Joint Annual Meeting, July 26-28, San Francisco, California 205113, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    8. Perekhozhuk, Oleksandr & Chezhia, Giorgi & Glauben, Thomas, 2021. "Measuring Oligopsony Market Power in Kazakh Grain-Processing Industry: Converging Evidence from Two Structural Approaches," 2021 Conference, August 17-31, 2021, Virtual 315345, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    9. Ghazaryan, Armen & Bonanno, Alessandro & Carlson, Andrea, 2023. "I Say Milk, You Say Mylk. Demand Separability in a Broadened Milk Category," Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 48(2), May.
    10. Rahkovsky Ilya & Volpe Richard, 2018. "Structure and Food Price Inflation," Journal of Agricultural & Food Industrial Organization, De Gruyter, vol. 16(1), pages 1-16, January.
    11. DeLong, Karen L. & Jensen, Kimberly L. & Upendram, Sreedhar & Eckelkamp, Elizabeth, . "Consumer Preferences for Tennessee Milk," Journal of Food Distribution Research, Food Distribution Research Society, vol. 51(2).
    12. Mydland, Ørjan & Størdal, Ståle & Kumbhakar, Subal C. & Lien, Gudbrand, 2022. "Modeling markups and its determinants: The case of Norwegian industries and regions," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 252-262.
    13. Hovhannisyan, Vardges & Stiegert, Kyle & Bozic, Marin, 2014. "On the Endogeneity of Retail Markups in an Equilibrium Analysis: A Control-Function Approach," Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 39(2), pages 1-13.
    14. Aaron Grau & Heinrich Hockmann, 2018. "Market power in the German dairy value chain," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 34(1), pages 93-111, December.
    15. Grau, Aaron Stephan Alexander & Hockmann, Heinrich, 2017. "Estimating oligopsony power on two vertically integrated markets," 2017 International Congress, August 28-September 1, 2017, Parma, Italy 261277, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    16. Daniel May & Ourania Tremma, 2023. "Effects of Sustainable Regulations at Agricultural International Market Failures: A Dynamic Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-10, January.
    17. Vardges Hovhannisyan & Sachintha Mendis & Chris Bastian, 2019. "An econometric analysis of demand for food quantity and quality in urban China," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 50(1), pages 3-13, January.
    18. Dung, Luu Tien, 2020. "A Multinomial Logit Model Analysis of Farmers’ Participation in Agricultural Cooperatives: Evidence from Vietnam," Asian Journal of Applied Economics, Kasetsart University, Center for Applied Economics Research, vol. 27(1).
    19. Vardges Hovhannisyan, 2018. "A structural model of cost pass-through: the case of the US yogurt retailing," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 55(2), pages 805-830, September.
    20. Mosadegh Sedghy, B. & Nematollahi, Mohammadreza & Tajbakhsh, Alireza, 2024. "Market dynamics between retail channels and short food supply chains: A case of organic fruits," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    21. Vardges Hovhannisyan & Aleksan Shanoyan, 2020. "An Empirical Analysis of the Welfare Consequences of Rising Food Prices in Urban China: The Easi Approach," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 42(4), pages 796-814, December.

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