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Development and validation of a locus of control scale for the entrepreneurship domain

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  • Leon Schjoedt
  • Kelly Shaver

Abstract

Locus of control has been extensively examined in entrepreneurship research, but with mixed results. This may be due to measurement issues, such as the widespread use of Rotter’s ( 1966 ) general locus of control scale, which is not domain specific. Not surprisingly, Rotter’s scale has been shown to be multidimensional, including personal efficacy. When the first Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics (PSED I) was constructed in the late 1990s, a measure of locus of control was included. Unfortunately, this scale was also multidimensional. Thus, measurement of the construct may be problematic. Because locus of control continues to be important in organizational research, where it has been found to influence intentions, motivation, satisfaction, and performance, we examined the PSED I dataset to determine whether we could develop a more robust measure after the fact. To this end, we constructed a unidimensional locus of control scale using the sample of nascent entrepreneurs in the PSED I dataset and validated the scale using two additional samples. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media, LLC. 2012

Suggested Citation

  • Leon Schjoedt & Kelly Shaver, 2012. "Development and validation of a locus of control scale for the entrepreneurship domain," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 39(3), pages 713-726, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:sbusec:v:39:y:2012:i:3:p:713-726
    DOI: 10.1007/s11187-011-9357-0
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    2. Maresch, Daniela & Harms, Rainer & Kailer, Norbert & Wimmer-Wurm, Birgit, 2016. "The impact of entrepreneurship education on the entrepreneurial intention of students in science and engineering versus business studies university programs," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 172-179.
    3. Kwapisz Agnieszka, 2020. "Minimum Wages and Nascent Entrepreneurship in the US," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 20(1), pages 1-15, January.
    4. Olivier Brunel & Eric Michael Laviolette & Miruna Radu-Lefebvre, 2017. "Role Models and Entrepreneurial Intention: The Moderating Effects of Experience, Locus of Control and Self-Esteem," Journal of Enterprising Culture (JEC), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 25(02), pages 149-177, June.
    5. Dheer, Ratan J.S. & Li, Mingxiang & Treviño, Len J., 2019. "An integrative approach to the gender gap in entrepreneurship across nations," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 54(6), pages 1-1.
    6. Leon Schjoedt, 2021. "Exploring differences between novice and repeat entrepreneurs: does stress mediate the effects of work-and-family conflict on entrepreneurs’ satisfaction?," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 56(4), pages 1251-1272, April.
    7. Ida Ketut Kusumawijaya, 2019. "The Prediction of Need for Achievement to Generate Entrepreneurial Intention: A Locus of Control Mediation," International Review of Management and Marketing, Econjournals, vol. 9(4), pages 54-62.
    8. Sean R. Valentine & Sheila K. Hanson & Gary M. Fleischman, 2019. "The Presence of Ethics Codes and Employees’ Internal Locus of Control, Social Aversion/Malevolence, and Ethical Judgment of Incivility: A Study of Smaller Organizations," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 160(3), pages 657-674, December.
    9. Cristian C. Popescu & Ionel Bostan & Ioan-Bogdan Robu & Andrei Maxim & Laura Diaconu (Maxim), 2016. "An Analysis of the Determinants of Entrepreneurial Intentions among Students: A Romanian Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-22, August.
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    11. Mohita Maggon & Harish Chaudhry, 2017. "Validating Service Locus of Control Scale for Hotels in Sample of Indian Business Travelers," Jindal Journal of Business Research, , vol. 6(2), pages 97-107, December.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Entrepreneurs; Locus of control; Scale development; PSED; L26; M1; Y9;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L26 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Entrepreneurship
    • M1 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration
    • Y9 - Miscellaneous Categories - - Other

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