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Traffic Equilibrium and Charging Facility Locations for Electric Vehicles

Author

Listed:
  • Hong Zheng

    (Purdue University)

  • Xiaozheng He

    (Purdue University)

  • Yongfu Li

    (Purdue University
    Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications)

  • Srinivas Peeta

    (Purdue University)

Abstract

This study investigates the electric vehicle (EV) traffic equilibrium and optimal deployment of charging locations subject to range limitation. The problem is similar to a network design problem with traffic equilibrium, which is characterized by a bi-level model structure. The upper level objective is to optimally locate charging stations such that the total generalized cost of all users is minimized, where the user’s generalized cost includes two parts, travel time and energy consumption. The total generalized cost is a measure of the total societal cost. The lower level model seeks traffic equilibrium, in which travelers minimize their individual generalized cost. All the utilized paths have identical generalized cost while satisfying the range limitation constraint. In particular, we use origin-based flows to maintain the range limitation constraint at the path level without path enumeration. To obtain the global solution, the optimality condition of the lower level model is added to the upper level problem resulting in a single level model. The nonlinear travel time function is approximated by piecewise linear functions, enabling the problem to be formulated as a mixed integer linear program. We use a modest-sized network to analyze the model and illustrate that it can determine the optimal charging station locations in a planning context while factoring the EV users’ individual path choice behaviours.

Suggested Citation

  • Hong Zheng & Xiaozheng He & Yongfu Li & Srinivas Peeta, 2017. "Traffic Equilibrium and Charging Facility Locations for Electric Vehicles," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 17(2), pages 435-457, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:kap:netspa:v:17:y:2017:i:2:d:10.1007_s11067-016-9332-z
    DOI: 10.1007/s11067-016-9332-z
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    4. Pemberton, Simon & Nobajas, Alexandre & Waller, Richard, 2021. "Rapid charging provision, multiplicity and battery electric vehicle (BEV) mobility in the UK," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    5. Xiaozheng He & Hong Zheng & Srinivas Peeta & Yongfu Li, 2018. "Network Design Model to Integrate Shelter Assignment with Contraflow Operations in Emergency Evacuation Planning," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 18(4), pages 1027-1050, December.
    6. Puntipa Punyim & Ampol Karoonsoontawong & Avinash Unnikrishnan & Chi Xie, 2018. "Tabu Search Heuristic for Joint Location-Inventory Problem with Stochastic Inventory Capacity and Practicality Constraints," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 18(1), pages 51-84, March.
    7. Xiang Zhang & David Rey & S. Travis Waller & Nathan Chen, 2019. "Range-Constrained Traffic Assignment with Multi-Modal Recharge for Electric Vehicles," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 19(2), pages 633-668, June.
    8. Dolores R. Santos-Peñate & Rafael R. Suárez-Vega & Carmen Florido de la Nuez, 2023. "A Location-allocation Model for Bio-waste Management in the Hospitality Sector," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 23(3), pages 611-639, September.
    9. Li, Chengzhe & Zhang, Libo & Ou, Zihan & Wang, Qunwei & Zhou, Dequn & Ma, Jiayu, 2022. "Robust model of electric vehicle charging station location considering renewable energy and storage equipment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PA).
    10. Yıldız, Barış & Olcaytu, Evren & Şen, Ahmet, 2019. "The urban recharging infrastructure design problem with stochastic demands and capacitated charging stations," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 22-44.
    11. Yun, Lifen & Wang, Xifu & Fan, Hongqiang & Li, Xiaopeng, 2020. "Reliable facility location design with round-trip transportation under imperfect information Part I: A discrete model," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    12. Randall Wigle, 2019. "The Economic Case for EV Supports? Or: Network Effects, EV Pessimism and EV Supports," LCERPA Working Papers ec0123, Laurier Centre for Economic Research and Policy Analysis, revised 23 Oct 2019.
    13. Jian Wang & Muqing Du & Lili Lu & Xiaozheng He, 2018. "Maximizing Network Throughput under Stochastic User Equilibrium with Elastic Demand," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 18(1), pages 115-143, March.
    14. Amit Kumar & Sabyasachee Mishra & Huan Ngo, 2023. "Dynamic Wireless Charging Facility Location Problem for Battery Electric Vehicles under Electricity Constraint," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 23(3), pages 679-713, September.
    15. Tran, Cong Quoc & Keyvan-Ekbatani, Mehdi & Ngoduy, Dong & Watling, David, 2021. "Stochasticity and environmental cost inclusion for electric vehicles fast-charging facility deployment," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    16. Xu, Min & Meng, Qiang, 2020. "Optimal deployment of charging stations considering path deviation and nonlinear elastic demand," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 120-142.

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