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Recidivism among Welfare Recipients: The Role of Neighborhood and Access to Employment

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  • Shiferaw Gurmu
  • William Smith

Abstract

Work requirements and time limitations on benefits have forced welfare administrators to be more aggressive in moving welfare recipients into the workplace. This paper tracks a cohort of Georgia welfare leavers from 1992 to 2001, estimating the timing of recidivism using duration models. Of the case heads that leave the program within a two-year period, 15.3 percent remain out of welfare for less than three months and 35 percent returned within one year. There is also a relatively high risk of welfare recidivism for a much longer period than estimated in previous studies. Furthermore, successful employment may be affected not only by the presence of job growth but also by the industrial mix in which jobs are growing and by the residential location of welfare leavers. Copyright International Atlantic Economic Society 2006

Suggested Citation

  • Shiferaw Gurmu & William Smith, 2006. "Recidivism among Welfare Recipients: The Role of Neighborhood and Access to Employment," Atlantic Economic Journal, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 34(4), pages 405-419, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:atlecj:v:34:y:2006:i:4:p:405-419
    DOI: 10.1007/s11293-006-9027-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Blank, Rebecca M & Ruggles, Patricia, 1994. "Short-Term Recidivism among Public-Assistance Recipients," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 84(2), pages 49-53, May.
    2. Raphael, Steven, 1998. "The Spatial Mismatch Hypothesis and Black Youth Joblessness: Evidence from the San Francisco Bay Area," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(1), pages 79-111, January.
    3. Donald Bruce & Karie Barbour & Angela Thacker, 2004. "Welfare Program Reentry among Postreform Leavers," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 70(4), pages 816-836, April.
    4. Cameron,A. Colin & Trivedi,Pravin K., 2005. "Microeconometrics," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521848053.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    C41; I38; J15); employment opportunity; assistance program; residential location; welfare reentry; welfare-to-work;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C41 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - Duration Analysis; Optimal Timing Strategies
    • I38 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs

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