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Perspective of Sustainable Rural Tourism in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK): Comparative Study of β and σ Convergence in the Economic Development Regions

Author

Listed:
  • Gina Ionela Butnaru

    (Department of Management, Marketing and Business Administration, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iaşi, Bulevardul Carol I 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania)

  • Alina Petronela Haller

    (Department of Economics, Romanian Academy Branch of Iaşi + ICES, Gh. Zane, Codrescu 2, 700488 Iași, Romania)

Abstract

Tourism is an activity which globally develops proportionally with the evolution of progress. The opportunities we enjoy are bigger than ever, but their price should be lowered in order for the global society to develop its wealth. This can be performed by sustainability, a concept which will join in the future all economic activities, not only tourism. Our analysis is focused on the specific case of the UK, one of the main tourist destinations in the world. It is well known that cultural tourism is the form attracting the highest number of foreign visitors. However, we can see the importance given to rural tourism. The main methods used to perform the present analysis are β and σ convergence. They proved their efficiency in other research studies, which led to a high degree of accuracy of the results. β and σ convergence analysis is performed on a sample of 12 Economic Development Regions from the UK, among which we will determine the degree of convergence and divergence of sustainable rural tourism.

Suggested Citation

  • Gina Ionela Butnaru & Alina Petronela Haller, 2017. "Perspective of Sustainable Rural Tourism in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK): Comparative Study of β and σ Convergence in the Economic Development Regions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(4), pages 1-22, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:9:y:2017:i:4:p:525-:d:94524
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Hadi Mareeh & Peiwen Li & Yaotian Sun & Ruchuan Zhang & Aijun Li, 2025. "Advancing Human Development Assessment in Chinese Cities: A Novel Data Envelopment Analysis-Based Benefit of the Doubt Approach," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 179(1), pages 269-313, August.
    3. José María Martín Martín & Jose Antonio Salinas Fernández & José Antonio Rodríguez Martín & Juan De Dios Jiménez Aguilera, 2017. "Assessment of the Tourism’s Potential as a Sustainable Development Instrument in Terms of Annual Stability: Application to Spanish Rural Destinations in Process of Consolidation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-20, September.
    4. Wookhyun An & Silverio Alarcón, 2020. "How Can Rural Tourism Be Sustainable? A Systematic Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-23, September.
    5. Sofia Karampela & Alexis Andreopoulos & Alex Koutsouris, 2021. "“Agro”, “Agri”, or “Rural”: The Different Viewpoints of Tourism Research Combined with Sustainability and Sustainable Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-15, August.
    6. Ji Young Jeong & Mamurbek Karimov & Yuldoshboy Sobirov & Olimjon Saidmamatov & Peter Marty, 2023. "Evaluating Culturalization Strategies for Sustainable Tourism Development in Uzbekistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-23, May.
    7. Aleksandar Grubor & Nikola Milicevic & Nenad Djokic, 2019. "Social-Psychological Determinants of Serbian Tourists’ Choice of Green Rural Hotels," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(23), pages 1-13, November.
    8. Gina Ionela Butnaru & Alina-Petronela Haller & Raluca Irina Clipa & Mirela Ștefănică & Mihaela Ifrim, 2020. "The Nexus Between Convergence of Conventional and Renewable Energy Consumption in the Present European Union States. Explorative Study on Parametric and Semi-Parametric Methods," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-19, October.
    9. Alessandro Bonadonna & Chiara Giachino & Elisa Truant, 2017. "Sustainability and Mountain Tourism: The Millennial’s Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-15, July.
    10. Viorica Chirila & Ciprian Chirila, 2021. "Analysis of GDP per Capita Convergence Speed in the Member States of the European Union," Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, Ovidius University of Constantza, Faculty of Economic Sciences, vol. 0(2), pages 101-108, December.
    11. Zoltán Lakner & Anna Kiss & Ivan Merlet & Judit Oláh & Domicián Máté & Janusz Grabara & József Popp, 2018. "Building Coalitions for a Diversified and Sustainable Tourism: Two Case Studies from Hungary," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-23, April.

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