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Exploring Opportunities and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Higher Education Institutions

Author

Listed:
  • Valentin Kuleto

    (Information Technology School ITS- Belgrade, LINK Group Belgrade, Faculty of Contemporary Arts Belgrade, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Milena Ilić

    (Information Technology School ITS- Belgrade, LINK Group Belgrade, Faculty of Contemporary Arts Belgrade, University Business Academy in Novi Sad, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Mihail Dumangiu

    (Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Spiru Haret University, 030045 Bucharest, Romania)

  • Marko Ranković

    (Faculty of Information Technology and Engineering, University Union Nikola Tesla, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Oliva M. D. Martins

    (Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, IPT, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal)

  • Dan Păun

    (Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Spiru Haret University, 030045 Bucharest, Romania)

  • Larisa Mihoreanu

    (Faculty of Administration and Public Management, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, 010374 Bucharest, Romania)

Abstract

The way people travel, organise their time, and acquire information has changed due to information technologies. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are mechanisms that evolved from data management and developing processes. Incorporating these mechanisms into business is a trend many different industries, including education, have identified as game-changers. As a result, education platforms and applications are more closely aligned with learners’ needs and knowledge, making the educational process more efficient. Therefore, AI and ML have great potential in e-learning and higher education institutions (HEI). Thus, the article aims to determine its potential and use areas in higher education based on secondary research and document analysis (literature review), content analysis, and primary research (survey). As referent points for this research, multiple academic, scientific, and commercial sources were used to obtain a broader picture of the research subject. Furthermore, the survey was implemented among students in the Republic of Serbia, with 103 respondents to generate data and information on how much knowledge of AI and ML is held by the student population, mainly to understand both opportunities and challenges involved in AI and ML in HEI. The study addresses critical issues, like common knowledge and stance of research bases regarding AI and ML in HEI; best practices regarding usage of AI and ML in HEI; students’ knowledge of AI and ML; and students’ attitudes regarding AI and ML opportunities and challenges in HEI. In statistical considerations, aiming to evaluate if the indicators were considered reflexive and, in this case, belong to the same theoretical dimension, the Correlation Matrix was presented, followed by the Composite Reliability. Finally, the results were evaluated by regression analysis. The results indicated that AI and ML are essential technologies that enhance learning, primarily through students’ skills, collaborative learning in HEI, and an accessible research environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Valentin Kuleto & Milena Ilić & Mihail Dumangiu & Marko Ranković & Oliva M. D. Martins & Dan Păun & Larisa Mihoreanu, 2021. "Exploring Opportunities and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Higher Education Institutions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-16, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:13:y:2021:i:18:p:10424-:d:638632
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gizéh Rangel-de Lázaro & Josep M. Duart, 2023. "You Can Handle, You Can Teach It: Systematic Review on the Use of Extended Reality and Artificial Intelligence Technologies for Online Higher Education," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-23, February.
    2. Anđelka Štilić & Edisa Puška & Adis Puška & Darko Božanić, 2023. "An Expert-Opinion-Based Evaluation Framework for Sustainable Technology-Enhanced Learning Using Z-Numbers and Fuzzy Logarithm Methodology of Additive Weights," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-18, August.
    3. Rocsana Bucea-Manea-Țoniş & Oliva M. D. Martins & Radu Bucea-Manea-Țoniş & Cătălin Gheorghiță & Valentin Kuleto & Milena P. Ilić & Violeta-Elena Simion, 2021. "Blockchain Technology Enhances Sustainable Higher Education," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-21, November.
    4. Sayed Fayaz Ahmad & Muhammad Mansoor Alam & Mohd. Khairil Rahmat & Muhammad Khalil Shahid & Mahnaz Aslam & Nur Agus Salim & Mohammed Hasan Ali Al-Abyadh, 2023. "Leading Edge or Bleeding Edge: Designing a Framework for the Adoption of AI Technology in an Educational Organization," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-20, April.
    5. Zahyah H. Alharbi, 2023. "A Sustainable Price Prediction Model for Airbnb Listings Using Machine Learning and Sentiment Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-19, September.
    6. Milica Jevremović & Nada Staletić & Gheorghe Orzan & Milena P. Ilić & Zorica Jelić & Cristina Teodora Bălăceanu & Oana Valeria Paraschiv, 2022. "Predicting User Behaviour Based on the Level of Interactivity Implemented in Blockchain Technologies in Websites and Used Devices," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-20, February.
    7. Rocsana Bucea-Manea-Țoniș & Luciela Vasile & Rareș Stănescu & Alina Moanță, 2022. "Creating IoT-Enriched Learner-Centered Environments in Sports Science Higher Education during the Pandemic," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-25, April.
    8. Valentin Kuleto & Milena P. Ilić & Rocsana Bucea-Manea-Țoniş & David-Florin Ciocodeică & Horia Mihălcescu & Veronica Mindrescu, 2022. "The Attitudes of K–12 Schools’ Teachers in Serbia towards the Potential of Artificial Intelligence," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-12, July.
    9. Nayef Shaie Alotaibi & Awad Hajran Alshehri, 2023. "Prospers and Obstacles in Using Artificial Intelligence in Saudi Arabia Higher Education Institutions—The Potential of AI-Based Learning Outcomes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-18, July.
    10. Rocsana Bucea-Manea-Țoniş & Valentin Kuleto & Simona Corina Dobre Gudei & Costin Lianu & Cosmin Lianu & Milena P. Ilić & Dan Păun, 2022. "Artificial Intelligence Potential in Higher Education Institutions Enhanced Learning Environment in Romania and Serbia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-18, May.
    11. Adin Marian Cojocaru & Rocsana Bucea-Manea-Țoniș & Anca Jianu & Mihail Alexandru Dumangiu & Lygia Ulpiana Alexandrescu & Marilena Cojocaru, 2022. "The Role of Physical Education and Sports in Modern Society Supported by IoT—A Student Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-14, May.
    12. Kang Li, 2023. "Determinants of College Students’ Actual Use of AI-Based Systems: An Extension of the Technology Acceptance Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-16, March.

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