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A Survey on Environmentally Friendly Vehicle Routing Problem and a Proposal of Its Classification

Author

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  • Erfan Ghorbani

    (Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156 Isfahan, Iran)

  • Mahdi Alinaghian

    (Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156 Isfahan, Iran)

  • Gevork. B. Gharehpetian

    (Electrical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, 11369 Tehran, Iran)

  • Sajad Mohammadi

    (Department of Electrical Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, 65331 Hamedan, Iran)

  • Guido Perboli

    (Department of Management and Production Engineering, 10129 Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy)

Abstract

The growth of environmental awareness and more robust enforcement of numerous regulations to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have directed efforts towards addressing current environmental challenges. Considering the Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP), one of the effective strategies to control greenhouse gas emissions is to convert the fossil fuel-powered fleet into Environmentally Friendly Vehicles (EFVs). Given the multitude of constraints and assumptions defined for different types of VRPs, as well as assumptions and operational constraints specific to each type of EFV, many variants of environmentally friendly VRPs (EF-VRP) have been introduced. In this paper, studies conducted on the subject of EF-VRP are reviewed, considering all the road transport EFV types and problem variants, and classifying and discussing with a single holistic vision. The aim of this paper is twofold. First, it determines a classification of EF-VRP studies based on different types of EFVs, i.e., Alternative-Fuel Vehicles (AFVs), Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Hybrid Vehicles (HVs). Second, it presents a comprehensive survey by considering each variant of the classification, technical constraints and solution methods arising in the literature. The results of this paper show that studies on EF-VRP are relatively novel and there is still room for large improvements in several areas. So, to determine future insights, for each classification of EF-VRP studies, the paper provides the literature gaps and future research needs.

Suggested Citation

  • Erfan Ghorbani & Mahdi Alinaghian & Gevork. B. Gharehpetian & Sajad Mohammadi & Guido Perboli, 2020. "A Survey on Environmentally Friendly Vehicle Routing Problem and a Proposal of Its Classification," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-71, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:21:p:9079-:d:438327
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    3. Leandro do C. Martins & Rafael D. Tordecilla & Juliana Castaneda & Angel A. Juan & Javier Faulin, 2021. "Electric Vehicle Routing, Arc Routing, and Team Orienteering Problems in Sustainable Transportation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-30, August.
    4. Runfeng Yu & Lifen Yun & Chen Chen & Yuanjie Tang & Hongqiang Fan & Yi Qin, 2023. "Vehicle Routing Optimization for Vaccine Distribution Considering Reducing Energy Consumption," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-24, January.
    5. Remigiusz Iwańkowicz, 2021. "Effective Permutation Encoding for Evolutionary Optimization of the Electric Vehicle Routing Problem," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-18, October.
    6. Keyong Lin & S. Nurmaya Musa & Hwa Jen Yap, 2022. "Vehicle Routing Optimization for Pandemic Containment: A Systematic Review on Applications and Solution Approaches," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-27, February.

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