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Shaping up the Future Spatial Plans for Urban Areas in Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Qadeer ul Hussnain

    (Department of Urban & Regional Planning, National University of Science & Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Abdul Waheed

    (Department of Urban & Regional Planning, National University of Science & Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Khydija Wakil

    (Department of Urban & Regional Planning, National University of Science & Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Christopher James Pettit

    (City Futures Research Centre, Built Environment, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia)

  • Ejaz Hussain

    (Institute of Geographical Information Systems, National University of Science & Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Malik Asghar Naeem

    (Department of Urban & Regional Planning, National University of Science & Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan)

  • Ghulam Abbas Anjum

    (Department of City & Regional Planning, University of Engineering & Technology (UET), Lahore 54890, Pakistan)

Abstract

Since 2007, more than fifty percent of our planet’s population is living in urban areas. In the coming decade, the rate of urbanization will be fastest in Asia and Africa. Within South Asian countries, urbanization has attained its fastest pace in Pakistan. Urban planners and agencies in Pakistan have tried various spatial plan making solutions to manage urban areas, but none have given the desired results. After a 20% increase in declared urban areas within last two decades, urban planners and policy makers are looking for a more innovative and realistic spatial planning solution, which could adjust to the uncertainties and complexities of real world. This research uses a mixed method approach comprising a two phased survey of professional planners, analyzed through the selective lexicon approach to document planners’ opinions about the reasons behind the poor performance and conformance of spatial plans. This study documents the planners’ understanding of the contemporary concept of ‘scenario planning’. To explore the solution, this paper presents a semi-systematic review of the literature on the application of the ‘scenario method in urban spatial planning’. As a result of this research, a comprehensive digital inventory of all spatial plans ever made in Pakistan has been developed. It has been found that 83% of the urban settlements in Pakistan are growing without a spatial plan and require immediate attention. Furthermore, in terms of the plan making process, twenty-seven major factors contributing to the failure of past plans have been identified and categorized under seven distinct plan making stages. Finally, a new process of spatial plan-making has been proposed, which is the fusion of scenario planning and the traditional plan-making process, backed by digital planning tools. In an era of smart cities and digitization, it is expected that the advancements in scenarios planning, coupled with a new data portal, will assist in addressing the implementation gap in practice, and result in more comprehensive data-driven spatial plans.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Qadeer ul Hussnain & Abdul Waheed & Khydija Wakil & Christopher James Pettit & Ejaz Hussain & Malik Asghar Naeem & Ghulam Abbas Anjum, 2020. "Shaping up the Future Spatial Plans for Urban Areas in Pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-21, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:10:p:4216-:d:361111
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. S. Prieler & A.P. Lesko & S. Anderberg, 1998. "Three Scenarios for Land-Use Change: A Case Study in Central Europe," Working Papers rr98003, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis.
    2. Hubacek, Klaus & Sun, Laixiang, 2001. "A scenario analysis of China's land use and land cover change: incorporating biophysical information into input-output modeling," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 12(4), pages 367-397, December.
    3. Paul Waddell, 2011. "Integrated Land Use and Transportation Planning and Modelling: Addressing Challenges in Research and Practice," Transport Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(2), pages 209-229.
    4. Christopher Pettit & Sharon Biermann & Claudia Pelizaro & Ashley Bakelmun, 2020. "A Data-Driven Approach to Exploring Future Land Use and Transport Scenarios: The Online What If? Tool," Journal of Urban Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(2), pages 21-44, April.
    5. Khakee, A., 1991. "Scenario construction for urban planning," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 19(5), pages 459-469.
    6. Keith Bartholomew, 2007. "Land use-transportation scenario planning: promise and reality," Transportation, Springer, vol. 34(4), pages 397-412, July.
    7. Arnab Chakraborty & Andrew McMillan, 2015. "Scenario Planning for Urban Planners: Toward a Practitioner's Guide," Journal of the American Planning Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 81(1), pages 18-29, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Muhammad Sheraz Ahsan & Ejaz Hussain & Zahir Ali & Jaap Zevenbergen & Salman Atif & Mila Koeva & Abdul Waheed, 2023. "Assessing the Status and Challenges of Urban Land Administration Systems Using Framework for Effective Land Administration (FELA): A Case Study in Pakistan," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-27, August.
    2. Maciej Nowak & Alexandru-Ionut Petrisor & Andrei Mitrea & Krisztina Filepné Kovács & Gunta Lukstina & Evelin Jürgenson & Zuzana Ladzianska & Velislava Simeonova & Roman Lozynskyy & Vit Rezac & Viktori, 2022. "The Role of Spatial Plans Adopted at the Local Level in the Spatial Planning Systems of Central and Eastern European Countries," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-24, September.

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