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A Scoping Review of the Health Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Persons Experiencing Homelessness in North America and Europe

Author

Listed:
  • Julia Corey

    (Department of Public Health & Primary Care, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D24H74 Dublin, Ireland)

  • James Lyons

    (Department of Public Health & Primary Care, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D24H74 Dublin, Ireland)

  • Austin O’Carroll

    (North Dublin City GP Training Scheme, D07H984 Dublin, Ireland)

  • Richie Stafford

    (HSE Community Healthcare Organisation Dublin North City & County, D09C8P5 Dublin, Ireland)

  • Jo-Hanna Ivers

    (Department of Public Health & Primary Care, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, D24H74 Dublin, Ireland)

Abstract

Persons experiencing homelessness (PEH) are at heightened risk for infection, morbidity, and mortality from COVID-19. However, health consequences of the pandemic extend far beyond those directly caused by the virus. This scoping review aimed to explore the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health and well-being of PEH in North America and Europe. A systematic search of academic and grey literature was conducted in September 2021. To be included, studies had to include primary data related to the impact of the pandemic on health or well-being of PEH and be written in English. All potentially relevant references were independently screened by two reviewers, and minor conflicts were settled with input of a third reviewer. A total of 96 articles met criteria for inclusion. Data extraction was completed for all included studies, and findings synthesised and presented thematically. Numerous health impacts of the pandemic on PEH were identified, including SARS-CoV-2 infection, morbidity, mortality, and hospitalisation, fear of infection, access to housing, hygiene, PPE, food, as well as mental health, substance use, other health-related outcomes and treatment services. Gaps in the literature relating to persons using alcohol, access to mental health support, and violence were also identified. Implications for future research are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Julia Corey & James Lyons & Austin O’Carroll & Richie Stafford & Jo-Hanna Ivers, 2022. "A Scoping Review of the Health Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Persons Experiencing Homelessness in North America and Europe," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-30, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:6:p:3219-:d:767344
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. McInnes, D.K. & Li, A.E. & Hogan, T.P., 2013. "Opportunities for engaging low-income, vulnerable populations in health care: A systematic review of homeless persons' access to and use of information technologies," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 103(S2), pages 11-24.
    2. Brown, R.T. & Miao, Y. & Mitchell, S.L. & Bharel, M. & Patel, M. & Ard, K.L. & Grande, L.J. & Blazey-Martin, D. & Floru, D. & Steinman, M.A., 2015. "Health outcomes of obtaining housing among older homeless adults," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 105(7), pages 1482-1488.
    3. Andrew R Maroko & Kim Hopper & Caitlin Gruer & Maayan Jaffe & Erica Zhen & Marni Sommer, 2021. "Public restrooms, periods, and people experiencing homelessness: An assessment of public toilets in high needs areas of Manhattan, New York," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(6), pages 1-20, June.
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