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The Organization of Outreach Work for Vulnerable Patients in General Practice during COVID-19: Results from the Cross-Sectional PRICOV-19 Study in 38 Countries

Author

Listed:
  • Esther Van Poel

    (Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium)

  • Claire Collins

    (Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
    Research Centre, Irish College of General Practitioners, D02 XR68 Dublin, Ireland)

  • Peter Groenewegen

    (Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, 3500 BN Utrecht, The Netherlands
    Department of Sociology, Department of Human Geography, Utrecht University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium)

  • Peter Spreeuwenberg

    (Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, 3500 BN Utrecht, The Netherlands)

  • Gazmend Bojaj

    (Management of Health Institutions and Services, Heimerer College, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo)

  • Jonila Gabrani

    (Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, 4001 Basel, Switzerland)

  • Christian Mallen

    (School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele ST5 5BG, UK)

  • Liubove Murauskiene

    (Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania)

  • Milena Šantrić Milićević

    (Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia)

  • Emmily Schaubroeck

    (Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium)

  • Stefanie Stark

    (Institute of General Practice, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany)

  • Sara Willems

    (Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium)

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected vulnerable populations’ access to health care. By proactively reaching out to them, general practices attempted to prevent the underutilization of their services. This paper examined the association between practice and country characteristics and the organization of outreach work in general practices during COVID-19. Linear mixed model analyses with practices nested in countries were performed on the data of 4982 practices from 38 countries. A 4-item scale on outreach work was constructed as the outcome variable with a reliability of 0.77 and 0.97 at the practice and country level. The results showed that many practices set up outreach work, including extracting at least one list of patients with chronic conditions from their electronic medical record (30.1%); and performing telephone outreach to patients with chronic conditions (62.8%), a psychological vulnerability (35.6%), or possible situation of domestic violence or a child-rearing situation (17.2%). Outreach work was positively related to the availability of an administrative assistant or practice manager ( p < 0.05) or paramedical support staff ( p < 0.01). Other practice and country characteristics were not significantly associated with undertaking outreach work. Policy and financial interventions supporting general practices to organize outreach work should focus on the range of personnel available to support such practice activities.

Suggested Citation

  • Esther Van Poel & Claire Collins & Peter Groenewegen & Peter Spreeuwenberg & Gazmend Bojaj & Jonila Gabrani & Christian Mallen & Liubove Murauskiene & Milena Šantrić Milićević & Emmily Schaubroeck & S, 2023. "The Organization of Outreach Work for Vulnerable Patients in General Practice during COVID-19: Results from the Cross-Sectional PRICOV-19 Study in 38 Countries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-16, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2023:i:4:p:3165-:d:1065122
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jiao, Sunny & Slemon, Allie & Guta, Adrian & Bungay, Vicky, 2022. "Exploring the conceptualization, operationalization, implementation, and measurement of outreach in community settings with hard-to-reach and hidden populations: A scoping review," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 309(C).
    2. Piotr Korneta & Magdalena Kludacz-Alessandri & Renata Walczak, 2021. "The Impact of COVID-19 on the Performance of Primary Health Care Service Providers in a Capitation Payment System: A Case Study from Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-19, February.
    3. Piquero, Alex R. & Jennings, Wesley G. & Jemison, Erin & Kaukinen, Catherine & Knaul, Felicia Marie, 2021. "Domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic - Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
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