IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v19y2022i17p10614-d897531.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Digital Transformation on Enterprise Green Innovation: Effect and Transmission Mechanism

Author

Listed:
  • Hua Feng

    (School of Accounting, Shandong Women’s University, Jinan 250300, China)

  • Fengyan Wang

    (School of Accounting, Shandong Women’s University, Jinan 250300, China
    School of Public Policy & Management, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China)

  • Guomin Song

    (School of Accounting, Shandong Women’s University, Jinan 250300, China
    Postgraduate Studies Unit, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Sintok 06010, Malaysia)

  • Lanlan Liu

    (School of Accounting, Shandong Women’s University, Jinan 250300, China)

Abstract

With the development of blockchain, big data, cloud computing and other new technologies, how to achieve innovative development and green sustainable development in digital transformation has become one of the key issues for enterprises to obtain and maintain core competitiveness. However, little of the literature has paid attention to the impact of digital transformation on enterprise green innovation. Using the data of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2010 to 2020, this paper empirically analyzes the impact of enterprise digital transformation on green innovation and its transmission mechanism, by constructing double fixed-effect models. The results show that digital transformation has remarkably promoted the green innovation of enterprises. R&D investment, government subsidies, and income tax burden have played a conductive role between digital transformation and enterprise green innovation. Furthermore, digital transformation can significantly promote the high-quality green innovation of enterprises and also plays a more significant role in promoting the green innovation of high-tech enterprises and state-owned enterprises. A robustness test is carried out by using the lag data and changing the measurement methods of the dependent variable and independent variables, and the research conclusions are still valid. Based on resource-based theory and dynamic capability theory, this paper reveals the impact path of digital transformation on enterprise green innovation, further expanding the research field of digital transformation and enriching the research on the influencing factors of enterprise green innovation. This paper provides policy suggestions for the government to improve the enterprise green innovation level by increasing government subsidies and providing tax incentives and also provides reference for digital transformation enterprises to accelerate green innovation by increasing R&D investment, obtaining government subsidies, and acquiring tax policy support.

Suggested Citation

  • Hua Feng & Fengyan Wang & Guomin Song & Lanlan Liu, 2022. "Digital Transformation on Enterprise Green Innovation: Effect and Transmission Mechanism," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-31, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:17:p:10614-:d:897531
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/17/10614/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/17/10614/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Giovanni Dosi & Luigi Marengo & Corrado Pasquali, 2010. "How Much Should Society Fuel the Greed of Innovators? On the Relations between Appropriability, Opportunities and Rates of Innovation," Chapters, in: Riccardo Viale & Henry Etzkowitz (ed.), The Capitalization of Knowledge, chapter 4, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    2. Weimin Ma & Ranran Zhang & Shiwei Chai, 2019. "What Drives Green Innovation? A Game Theoretic Analysis of Government Subsidy and Cooperation Contract," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(20), pages 1-24, October.
    3. Nathan Nunn & Nancy Qian, 2014. "US Food Aid and Civil Conflict," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 104(6), pages 1630-1666, June.
    4. Du, Kerui & Cheng, Yuanyuan & Yao, Xin, 2021. "Environmental regulation, green technology innovation, and industrial structure upgrading: The road to the green transformation of Chinese cities," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    5. Ren, Shenggang & Sun, Helin & Zhang, Tao, 2021. "Do environmental subsidies spur environmental innovation? Empirical evidence from Chinese listed firms," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
    6. Chan, Ricky Y.K., 2010. "Corporate environmentalism pursuit by foreign firms competing in China," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 80-92, January.
    7. Hess, Thomas & Matt, Christian & Benlian, Alexander & Wiesböck, Florian, 2016. "Options for Formulating a Digital Transformation Strategy," Publications of Darmstadt Technical University, Institute for Business Studies (BWL) 81032, Darmstadt Technical University, Department of Business Administration, Economics and Law, Institute for Business Studies (BWL).
    8. Mario Benassi & Matteo Landoni, 2019. "State-owned enterprises as knowledge-explorer agents," Industry and Innovation, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(2), pages 218-241, February.
    9. Matt, C. & Hess, Thomas & Benlian, Alexander, 2015. "Digital Transformation Strategies," Publications of Darmstadt Technical University, Institute for Business Studies (BWL) 75002, Darmstadt Technical University, Department of Business Administration, Economics and Law, Institute for Business Studies (BWL).
    10. Lin, Justin Yifu, 2021. "State-owned enterprise reform in China: The new structural economics perspective," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 106-111.
    11. Xiangzhi Bu & Wilson V.T. Dang & Jianming Wang & Qiu Liu, 2020. "Environmental Orientation, Green Supply Chain Management, and Firm Performance: Empirical Evidence from Chinese Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-17, February.
    12. Albort-Morant, Gema & Leal-Millán, Antonio & Cepeda-Carrión, Gabriel, 2016. "The antecedents of green innovation performance: A model of learning and capabilities," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 69(11), pages 4912-4917.
    13. Jinyong Chen & Xiaochi Wang & Wan Shen & Yanyan Tan & Liviu Marian Matac & Sarminah Samad, 2022. "Environmental Uncertainty, Environmental Regulation and Enterprises’ Green Technological Innovation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-28, August.
    14. Deng, Ziliang & Zhu, Ziyan & Johanson, Martin & Hilmersson, Mikael, 2022. "Rapid internationalization and exit of exporters: The role of digital platforms," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(1).
    15. Christian Matt & Thomas Hess & Alexander Benlian, 2015. "Digital Transformation Strategies," Business & Information Systems Engineering: The International Journal of WIRTSCHAFTSINFORMATIK, Springer;Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. (GI), vol. 57(5), pages 339-343, October.
    16. Jianming Zhang & Gongqian Liang & Taiwen Feng & Chunlin Yuan & Wenbo Jiang, 2020. "Green innovation to respond to environmental regulation: How external knowledge adoption and green absorptive capacity matter?," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(1), pages 39-53, January.
    17. Xiaojun Sun & Jing Tang & Shilong Li, 2022. "Promote Green Innovation in Manufacturing Enterprises in the Aspect of Government Subsidies in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-16, June.
    18. Blanka, Christine & Krumay, Barbara & Rueckel, David, 2022. "The interplay of digital transformation and employee competency: A design science approach," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
    19. Zhai, Huayun & Yang, Min & Chan, Kam C., 2022. "Does digital transformation enhance a firm's performance? Evidence from China," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    20. Piepponen, Amanda & Ritala, Paavo & Keränen, Joona & Maijanen, Päivi, 2022. "Digital transformation of the value proposition: A single case study in the media industry," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 311-325.
    21. Peiyan Zhou & Shuya Zhou & Ming Zhang & Shujuan Miao, 2022. "Executive Overconfidence, Digital Transformation and Environmental Innovation: The Role of Moderated Mediator," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-28, May.
    22. Kuester, Sabine & Konya-Baumbach, Elisa & Schuhmacher, Monika C., 2018. "Get the show on the road: Go-to-market strategies for e-innovations of start-ups," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 65-81.
    23. Wahidatul Husnaini & Bambang Tjahjadi, 2021. "Quality Management, Green Innovation and Firm Value: Evidence from Indonesia," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 11(1), pages 255-262.
    24. Yu, Honglan & Fletcher, Margaret & Buck, Trevor, 2022. "Managing digital transformation during re-internationalization: Trajectories and implications for performance," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 28(4).
    25. AlNuaimi, Bader K. & Kumar Singh, Sanjay & Ren, Shuang & Budhwar, Pawan & Vorobyev, Dmitriy, 2022. "Mastering digital transformation: The nexus between leadership, agility, and digital strategy," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 636-648.
    26. Bronwyn H. Hall & Dietmar Harhoff, 2012. "Recent Research on the Economics of Patents," Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 4(1), pages 541-565, July.
    27. Madhu Khanna & George Deltas & Donna Harrington, 2009. "Adoption of Pollution Prevention Techniques: The Role of Management Systems and Regulatory Pressures," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 44(1), pages 85-106, September.
    28. Jichang Zhang & Jing Long & Alexandra Martina Eugenie von Schaewen, 2021. "How Does Digital Transformation Improve Organizational Resilience?—Findings from PLS-SEM and fsQCA," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-22, October.
    29. Chunling Li & Runsen Yuan & Muhammad Asif Khan & Khansa Pervaiz & Xiaoran Sun, 2020. "Does the Mixed-Ownership Reform Affect the Innovation Strategy Choices of Chinese State-Owned Enterprises?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-25, March.
    30. Verhoef, Peter C. & Broekhuizen, Thijs & Bart, Yakov & Bhattacharya, Abhi & Qi Dong, John & Fabian, Nicolai & Haenlein, Michael, 2021. "Digital transformation: A multidisciplinary reflection and research agenda," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 889-901.
    31. Dukangqi Li & Weitao Shen, 2021. "Can Corporate Digitalization Promote Green Innovation? The Moderating Roles of Internal Control and Institutional Ownership," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-22, December.
    32. Zhongju Liao, 2020. "Is environmental innovation conducive to corporate financing? The moderating role of advertising expenditures," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(3), pages 954-961, March.
    33. Siachou, Evangelia & Vrontis, Demetris & Trichina, Eleni, 2021. "Can traditional organizations be digitally transformed by themselves? The moderating role of absorptive capacity and strategic interdependence," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 408-421.
    34. Chen, Hansong & Tian, Zhen, 2022. "Environmental uncertainty, resource orchestration and digital transformation: A fuzzy-set QCA approach," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 184-193.
    35. Peter M. Bican & Alexander Brem, 2020. "Digital Business Model, Digital Transformation, Digital Entrepreneurship: Is There A Sustainable “Digital”?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(13), pages 1-15, June.
    36. Matt, C. & Hess, Thomas & Benlian, Alexander, 2015. "Digital Transformation Strategies," Publications of Darmstadt Technical University, Institute for Business Studies (BWL) 75202, Darmstadt Technical University, Department of Business Administration, Economics and Law, Institute for Business Studies (BWL).
    37. George, Gerard & Schillebeeckx, Simon J.D., 2022. "Digital transformation, sustainability, and purpose in the multinational enterprise," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 57(3).
    38. Wang, Lanfang & Wang, Yue & Zhou, Jing, 2022. "Political connection,government R&D subsidies and innovation efficiency: Evidence from China," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 48(C).
    39. Matarazzo, Michela & Penco, Lara & Profumo, Giorgia & Quaglia, Roberto, 2021. "Digital transformation and customer value creation in Made in Italy SMEs: A dynamic capabilities perspective," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 642-656.
    40. Qi Guoyou & Zeng Saixing & Tam Chiming & Yin Haitao & Zou Hailiang, 2013. "Stakeholders' Influences on Corporate Green Innovation Strategy: A Case Study of Manufacturing Firms in China," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 20(1), pages 1-14, January.
    41. Yang, Zhenbing & Shao, Shuai & Li, Chengyu & Yang, Lili, 2020. "Alleviating the misallocation of R&D inputs in China's manufacturing sector: From the perspectives of factor-biased technological innovation and substitution elasticity," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    42. Yu, Liping & Li, Huiyang & Wang, Zuogong & Duan, Yunlong, 2019. "Technology imports and self-innovation in the context of innovation quality," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 214(C), pages 44-52.
    43. Hess, Thomas & Matt, Christian & Benlian, Alexander & Wiesböck, Florian, 2016. "Options for Formulating a Digital Transformation Strategy," Publications of Darmstadt Technical University, Institute for Business Studies (BWL) 82423, Darmstadt Technical University, Department of Business Administration, Economics and Law, Institute for Business Studies (BWL).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Tang, Yuhong & Zhao, Qi & Ren, Yuheng, 2024. "Nexus among government digital development, resource dependence, and carbon emissions in China," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    2. Xiaoxu Zhang & Xinyu Du, 2023. "Industry and Regional Peer Effects in Corporate Digital Transformation: The Moderating Effects of TMT Characteristics," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-22, March.
    3. Huanan Sun & Lianmei Zhu & Anqi Wang & Shali Wang & Haijing Ma, 2022. "Analysis of Regional Social Capital, Enterprise Green Innovation and Green Total Factor Productivity—Based on Chinese A-Share Listed Companies from 2011 to 2019," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-21, December.
    4. Songtao He & Yifan Tang, 2024. "Effects of Personalized Demands on the Digital Diffusion of Enterprises: A Complex Network Evolution Game Model-Based Study," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 15(3), pages 12854-12880, September.
    5. Anqi Wang & Lianmei Zhu & Huanan Sun & Shali Wang & Haijing Ma, 2023. "Fiscal Decentralization, Enterprise Digital Transformation and Enterprise Green Innovation—The Case of 11 Years A-Share Listed Companies in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-21, April.
    6. Jiahui Xu & Chee-Pung Ng & Toong Hai Sam & Asokan Vasudevan & Poh Kiong Tee & Alex Hou Hong Ng & Wong Chee Hoo, 2023. "Fiscal and Tax Policies, Access to External Financing and Green Innovation Efficiency: An Evaluation of Chinese Listed Firms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-19, July.
    7. Seyed Mehdi Alizadeh & Yasin Khalili & Mohammad Ahmadi, 2024. "Comprehensive Review of Carbon Capture and Storage Integration in Hydrogen Production: Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Perspectives," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-35, October.
    8. Yachu Wang & Renyong Hou, 2024. "The Influence of the Convergence of Digital and Green Technologies on Regional Total Factor Productivity: Evidence from 30 Provinces in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-18, October.
    9. Fenfen Ma & Shah Fahad & Shuxi Yan & Yapeng Zhang, 2023. "Digital Transformation and Corporate Environmental Green Innovation Nexus: An Approach towards Green Innovation Improvement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-15, April.
    10. Lei Wang & Shibo Liu & Wanfang Xiong, 2022. "The Impact of Digital Transformation on Corporate Environment Performance: Evidence from China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-19, October.
    11. Xufang Li & Dijun Fan & Zhuoxuan Li & Mingzhu Pan, 2023. "The Impact Mechanism of Digitalization on Green Innovation of Chinese Manufacturing Enterprises: An Empirical Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-22, June.
    12. Jacqueline de Almeida Barbosa Franco & Ary Franco Junior & Rosane Aparecida Gomes Battistelle & Barbara Stolte Bezerra, 2024. "Dynamic Capabilities: Unveiling Key Resources for Environmental Sustainability and Economic Sustainability, and Corporate Social Responsibility towards Sustainable Development Goals," Resources, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-25, February.
    13. Ge Zhang & Yuxiang Gao & Gaoyong Li, 2023. "Research on Digital Transformation and Green Technology Innovation—Evidence from China’s Listed Manufacturing Enterprises," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-23, April.
    14. Shan Wu & Ying Li, 2023. "A Study on the Impact of Digital Transformation on Corporate ESG Performance: The Mediating Role of Green Innovation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-17, April.
    15. Guoge Yang & Fengyi Wang & Feng Deng & Xianhong Xiang, 2023. "Impact of Digital Transformation on Enterprise Carbon Intensity: The Moderating Role of Digital Information Resources," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-26, January.
    16. Fu, Shuke & Ge, Yingchen & Hao, Yu & Peng, Jiachao & Tian, Jiali, 2024. "Energy supply chain efficiency in the digital era: Evidence from China's listed companies," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    17. Shanshan Gao & Wenqi Li & Jiayi Meng & Jianfeng Shi & Jianhua Zhu, 2023. "A Study on the Impact Mechanism of Digitalization on Corporate Green Innovation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-21, April.
    18. Olga Zhironkina & Sergey Zhironkin, 2023. "Technological and Intellectual Transition to Mining 4.0: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-37, February.
    19. Shiya Gao & Zeyu Wang & Shaoxiang Jiang & Wen Ding & Yuchen Wang & Xiufang Dong, 2022. "Optimization of Work Environment and Community Labor Health Based on Digital Model—Empirical Evidence from Developing Countries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(20), pages 1-17, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Guo, Bin & Zhang, Jiale & Tan, Ziyan, 2024. "Firm digitalization as strategic response: An integrated model based on the awareness-motivation-capability (AMC) framework," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    2. Yang, Hefan & Liu, Xilu & Meng, Yao & Feng, Baoyi & Chen, Zhijun, 2024. "Digital transformation and the allocation of decision-making rights within business groups – Empirical evidence from China," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 179(C).
    3. Li, Min & Liu, Na & Kou, Aiju & Chen, Wenchuan, 2023. "Customer concentration and digital transformation," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    4. Zahoor, Nadia & Zopiatis, Anastasios & Adomako, Samuel & Lamprinakos, Grigorios, 2023. "The micro-foundations of digitally transforming SMEs: How digital literacy and technology interact with managerial attributes," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    5. Ge Zhang & Yuxiang Gao & Gaoyong Li, 2023. "Research on Digital Transformation and Green Technology Innovation—Evidence from China’s Listed Manufacturing Enterprises," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-23, April.
    6. Piepponen, Amanda & Ritala, Paavo & Keränen, Joona & Maijanen, Päivi, 2022. "Digital transformation of the value proposition: A single case study in the media industry," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 311-325.
    7. Jinkai Liang & Ke Du & Dandan Chen, 2023. "The Effect of Digitalization on Ambidextrous Innovation in Manufacturing Enterprises: A Perspective of Empowering and Enabling," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-23, August.
    8. Wang, Sai & Wen, Wen & Niu, Yuhao & Li, Xin, 2024. "Digital transformation and corporate labor investment efficiency," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    9. Changling Sun & Ziang Lin & Marek Vochozka & Zuzana Vincúrová, 2022. "Digital transformation and corporate cash holdings in China’s A-share listed companies," Oeconomia Copernicana, Institute of Economic Research, vol. 13(4), pages 1081-1116, December.
    10. Fleury, Afonso & Fleury, Maria Tereza Leme & Oliveira, Luis & Leao, Pablo, 2024. "Going digital EMNEs: The role of digital maturity capability," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 33(4).
    11. Elia, Gianluca & Solazzo, Gianluca & Lerro, Antonio & Pigni, Federico & Tucci, Christopher L., 2024. "The digital transformation canvas: A conceptual framework for leading the digital transformation process," Business Horizons, Elsevier, vol. 67(4), pages 381-398.
    12. Marino-Romero, Jorge Alberto & Palos-Sánchez, Pedro R. & Velicia-Martín, Félix, 2024. "Evolution of digital transformation in SMEs management through a bibliometric analysis," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    13. Jafari-Sadeghi, Vahid & Amoozad Mahdiraji, Hannan & Alam, Gazi Mahabubul & Mazzoleni, Alberto, 2023. "Entrepreneurs as strategic transformation managers: Exploring micro-foundations of digital transformation in small and medium internationalisers," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    14. Jia, Junbo & Xu, Yusen & Li, Wenli, 2024. "A study on the strategic momentum of SMEs’ digital transformation: Evidence from China," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    15. Florian Diener & Miroslav Špaček, 2021. "Digital Transformation in Banking: A Managerial Perspective on Barriers to Change," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-27, February.
    16. Guanqiao Zhang & Tao Wang & Yuhan Wang & Shuai Zhang & Wenhao Lin & Zixin Dou & Haitao Du, 2023. "Study on the Influencing Factors of Digital Transformation of Construction Enterprises from the Perspective of Dual Effects—A Hybrid Approach Based on PLS-SEM and fsQCA," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-22, April.
    17. Zhu, Xiumei & Li, Yue, 2023. "The use of data-driven insight in ambidextrous digital transformation: How do resource orchestration, organizational strategic decision-making, and organizational agility matter?," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 196(C).
    18. Cheng, Weixuan & Li, Cheng & Zhao, Tianjiao, 2024. "The stages of enterprise digital transformation and its impact on internal control: Evidence from China," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    19. Jiatong Yu & Taesoo Moon, 2021. "Impact of Digital Strategic Orientation on Organizational Performance through Digital Competence," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-15, August.
    20. Blanka, Christine & Krumay, Barbara & Rueckel, David, 2022. "The interplay of digital transformation and employee competency: A design science approach," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:17:p:10614-:d:897531. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.