IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jforec/v3y2021i4p53-883d681511.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

COVID-19 and Tourism: Analyzing the Effects of COVID-19 Statistics and Media Coverage on Attitudes toward Tourism

Author

Listed:
  • Maksim Godovykh

    (Rosen College of Hospitality Management, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32819, USA)

  • Jorge Ridderstaat

    (Rosen College of Hospitality Management, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32819, USA)

  • Carissa Baker

    (Rosen College of Hospitality Management, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32819, USA)

  • Alan Fyall

    (Rosen College of Hospitality Management, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32819, USA)

Abstract

COVID-19 has significantly influenced tourism, including tourists’ and residents’ attitudes toward tourism. At the same time, attitudes and consumer confidence are important for economic recovery in the tourism sector. This study explores the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on people’s attitudes toward tourism by analyzing time-series data on the number of COVID-19 positive cases, vaccinations, news sentiment, a total number of daily mentions of tourism, and the share of voice for positive and negative sentiment toward tourism. The applied data analysis techniques include descriptive analysis, visual representation of data, data decomposition into trend and cycle components, unit root tests, Granger causality test, and multiple time series regression. The results demonstrate that the COVID-19 statistics and media coverage have significant effects on interest in tourism in general, as well as the positive and negative sentiment toward tourism. The results contribute to knowledge and practice by describing the effects of the disease statistics on attitudes toward tourism, introducing social media sentiment analysis as an opportunity to measure positive and negative sentiment toward tourism, and providing recommendations for government authorities, destination management organizations, and tourism providers.

Suggested Citation

  • Maksim Godovykh & Jorge Ridderstaat & Carissa Baker & Alan Fyall, 2021. "COVID-19 and Tourism: Analyzing the Effects of COVID-19 Statistics and Media Coverage on Attitudes toward Tourism," Forecasting, MDPI, vol. 3(4), pages 1-14, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jforec:v:3:y:2021:i:4:p:53-883:d:681511
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9394/3/4/53/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9394/3/4/53/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Sarah Dryhurst & Claudia R. Schneider & John Kerr & Alexandra L. J. Freeman & Gabriel Recchia & Anne Marthe van der Bles & David Spiegelhalter & Sander van der Linden, 2020. "Risk perceptions of COVID-19 around the world," Journal of Risk Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(7-8), pages 994-1006, August.
    2. Li, Hengyun & Hu, Mingming & Li, Gang, 2020. "Forecasting tourism demand with multisource big data," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    3. Hodrick, Robert J & Prescott, Edward C, 1997. "Postwar U.S. Business Cycles: An Empirical Investigation," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 29(1), pages 1-16, February.
    4. Ajzen, Icek, 1991. "The theory of planned behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 179-211, December.
    5. Mike McGuirk, 2021. "Performing social media analytics with Brandwatch for Classrooms: a platform review," Journal of Marketing Analytics, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 9(4), pages 363-378, December.
    6. Scott, Daniel & Hall, C. Michael & Gössling, Stefan, 2019. "Global tourism vulnerability to climate change," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 49-61.
    7. Martina Aronica & Pietro Pizzuto & Caterina Sciortino, 2022. "COVID‐19 and tourism: What can we learn from the past?," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 45(2), pages 430-444, February.
    8. Sydney C. Ludvigson, 2004. "Consumer Confidence and Consumer Spending," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 18(2), pages 29-50, Spring.
    9. McKercher, Bob & Wang, Dan & Park, Eerang, 2015. "Social impacts as a function of place change," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 52-66.
    10. Škare, Marinko & Soriano, Domingo Riberio & Porada-Rochoń, Małgorzata, 2021. "Impact of COVID-19 on the travel and tourism industry," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    11. Shapiro, Adam Hale & Sudhof, Moritz & Wilson, Daniel J., 2022. "Measuring news sentiment," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 228(2), pages 221-243.
    12. Qiu, Richard T.R. & Park, Jinah & Li, ShiNa & Song, Haiyan, 2020. "Social costs of tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    13. Jeffrey M Wooldridge, 2010. "Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 2, volume 1, number 0262232588, December.
    14. Granger, C. W. J., 1988. "Some recent development in a concept of causality," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 39(1-2), pages 199-211.
    15. Craig E. Landry & John Bergstrom & John Salazar & Dylan Turner, 2021. "How Has the COVID‐19 Pandemic Affected Outdoor Recreation in the U.S.? A Revealed Preference Approach," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 43(1), pages 443-457, March.
    16. Ki-Hong Choi & Insin Kim, 2021. "Co-Movement between Tourist Arrivals of Inbound Tourism Markets in South Korea: Applying the Dynamic Copula Method Using Secondary Time Series Data," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-13, January.
    17. Sigala, Marianna, 2020. "Tourism and COVID-19: Impacts and implications for advancing and resetting industry and research," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 312-321.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ryeojin Jang & Won Seok Lee & Joonho Moon, 2023. "Determinants of Attitude and the Intention to Stay of Employees in Low-Cost Carriers: Using Justice Theory," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-13, May.
    2. João Paulo Teixeira & Ulrich Gunter, 2023. "Editorial for Special Issue: “Tourism Forecasting: Time-Series Analysis of World and Regional Data”," Forecasting, MDPI, vol. 5(1), pages 1-3, February.
    3. Ahmed Shoukry Rashad, 2022. "The Power of Travel Search Data in Forecasting the Tourism Demand in Dubai," Forecasting, MDPI, vol. 4(3), pages 1-11, July.
    4. Marcell Kupi & Eszter Szemerédi, 2021. "Impact of the COVID-19 on the Destination Choices of Hungarian Tourists: A Comparative Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-17, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ling-en Wang & Bing Tian & Viachaslau Filimonau & Zhizhong Ning & Xuechun Yang, 2022. "The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on revenues of visitor attractions: An exploratory and preliminary study in China," Tourism Economics, , vol. 28(1), pages 153-174, February.
    2. Akhter Shareef, Mahmud & Shakaib Akram, Muhammad & Tegwen Malik, F. & Kumar, Vinod & Dwivedi, Yogesh K. & Giannakis, Mihalis, 2023. "An attitude-behavioral model to understand people’s behavior towards tourism during COVID-19 pandemic," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    3. Anna Jęczmyk & Jarosław Uglis & Jan Zawadka & Joanna Pietrzak-Zawadka & Monika Małgorzata Wojcieszak-Zbierska & Magdalena Kozera-Kowalska, 2023. "Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Tourist Travel Risk Perception and Travel Behaviour: A Case Study of Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(8), pages 1-20, April.
    4. Yang, Yang & Zhang, Carol X. & Rickly, Jillian M., 2021. "A review of early COVID-19 research in tourism: Launching the Annals of Tourism Research's Curated Collection on coronavirus and tourism1," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    5. Anastasiou, Dimitris & Ballis, Antonis & Drakos, Konstantinos, 2022. "Constructing a positive sentiment index for COVID-19: Evidence from G20 stock markets," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    6. Maksim Godovykh & Carissa Baker & Alan Fyall, 2022. "VR in Tourism: A New Call for Virtual Tourism Experience amid and after the COVID-19 Pandemic," Tourism and Hospitality, MDPI, vol. 3(1), pages 1-11, February.
    7. Catalina Llaneza Hesse & Josep Maria Raya Vílchez, 2022. "The effect of COVID-19 on the peer-to-peer rental market," Tourism Economics, , vol. 28(1), pages 222-247, February.
    8. Hashemi, Hossein & Rajabi, Reza & Brashear-Alejandro, Thomas G., 2022. "COVID-19 research in management: An updated bibliometric analysis," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 795-810.
    9. Parvaneh Sobhani & Hadi Veisi & Hassan Esmaeilzadeh & Seyed Mohammad Moein Sadeghi & Marina Viorela Marcu & Isabelle D. Wolf, 2022. "Tracing the Impact Pathways of COVID-19 on Tourism and Developing Strategies for Resilience and Adaptation in Iran," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-21, May.
    10. Park, Eunhye & Park, Jinah & Hu, Mingming, 2021. "Tourism demand forecasting with online news data mining," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    11. Iva Gregurec & Martina Tomičić Furjan & Katarina Tomičić-Pupek, 2021. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Sustainable Business Models in SMEs," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-24, January.
    12. Pan, Jing Yu & Liu, Dahai, 2022. "Mask-wearing intentions on airplanes during COVID-19 – Application of theory of planned behavior model," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 32-44.
    13. Ali Zackery & Joseph Amankwah-Amoah & Zahra Heidari Darani & Shiva Ghasemi, 2022. "COVID-19 Research in Business and Management: A Review and Future Research Agenda," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-32, August.
    14. Garaus, Marion & Hudáková, Melánia, 2022. "The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourists’ air travel intentions: The role of perceived health risk and trust in the airline," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 103(C).
    15. de Palma, André & Vosough, Shaghayegh & Liao, Feixiong, 2022. "An overview of effects of COVID-19 on mobility and lifestyle: 18 months since the outbreak," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 372-397.
    16. Jie Gao & Dick Ettema & Marco Helbich & Carlijn B. M. Kamphuis, 2019. "Travel mode attitudes, urban context, and demographics: do they interact differently for bicycle commuting and cycling for other purposes?," Transportation, Springer, vol. 46(6), pages 2441-2463, December.
    17. Jihyo Kim & Suhyeon Nam, 2021. "Do Household Time, Risk, and Social Preferences Affect Home Energy Retrofit Decisions in Korea?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-18, April.
    18. Sabrina Cipolletta & Gabriela Rios Andreghetti & Giovanna Mioni, 2022. "Risk Perception towards COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Qualitative Synthesis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-25, April.
    19. Feng-Jen Tsai & Hsiu-Wen Yang & Chia-Ping Lin & Jeffrey Zen Liu, 2021. "Acceptability of COVID-19 Vaccines and Protective Behavior among Adults in Taiwan: Associations between Risk Perception and Willingness to Vaccinate against COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-11, May.
    20. Erica Mingotto & Michele Tamma, 2021. "Covid-19 and recovery strategies. Some insights from an ongoing exploratory study in the Italian hospitality industry: the case of the historic city centre of Venice," Working Papers 02, Department of Management, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jforec:v:3:y:2021:i:4:p:53-883:d:681511. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.