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Review on Mono and Hybrid Nanofluids: Preparation, Properties, Investigation, and Applications in IC Engines and Heat Transfer

Author

Listed:
  • Atul Bhattad

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram 522302, India)

  • Vinay Atgur

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram 522302, India)

  • Boggarapu Nageswar Rao

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram 522302, India)

  • N. R. Banapurmath

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi 580031, India
    Centre of Excellence in Material Science, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi 580031, India)

  • T. M. Yunus Khan

    (Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 394, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia)

  • Chandramouli Vadlamudi

    (Aerospace Integration Engineer, Aerosapien Technologies, Daytona Beach, FL 32114, USA)

  • Sanjay Krishnappa

    (Aerospace Integration Engineer, Aerosapien Technologies, Daytona Beach, FL 32114, USA)

  • A. M. Sajjan

    (Centre of Excellence in Material Science, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi 580031, India
    Department of Chemistry, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi 580031, India)

  • R. Prasanna Shankara

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yenepoya Institute of Technology, Mangalore 574225, India)

  • N. H. Ayachit

    (Centre of Excellence in Material Science, K.L.E. Technological University, Hubballi 580031, India)

Abstract

Nano fluids are widely used today for various energy-related applications such as coolants, refrigerants, and fuel additives. New coolants and design modifications are being explored due to renewed interest in improving the working fluid properties of heat exchangers. Several studies have investigated nanofluids to enhance radiator and heat exchanger performance. A new class of coolants includes single, binary, and tertiary nanoparticle-based hybrid nano-coolants using ethylene glycol/deionized water combinations as base fluids infused with different nanoparticles. This review article focuses on the hydrothermal behavior of heat exchangers (radiators for engine applications) with mono/hybrid nanofluids. The first part of the review focuses on the preparation of hybrid nanofluids, highlighting the working fluid properties such as density, viscosity, specific heat, and thermal conductivity. The second part discusses innovative methodologies adopted for accomplishing higher heat transfer rates with relatively low-pressure drop and pump work. The third part discusses the applications of mono and hybrid nanofluids in engine radiators and fuel additives in diesel and biodiesel blends. The last part is devoted to a summary of the research and future directions using mono and hybrid nanofluids for various cooling applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Atul Bhattad & Vinay Atgur & Boggarapu Nageswar Rao & N. R. Banapurmath & T. M. Yunus Khan & Chandramouli Vadlamudi & Sanjay Krishnappa & A. M. Sajjan & R. Prasanna Shankara & N. H. Ayachit, 2023. "Review on Mono and Hybrid Nanofluids: Preparation, Properties, Investigation, and Applications in IC Engines and Heat Transfer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-40, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:7:p:3189-:d:1113508
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    References listed on IDEAS

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