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The Impact of Additives on the Main Properties of Phase Change Materials

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  • Ewelina Radomska

    (Department of Thermal and Fluid Flow Machines, Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30 St., 30-059 Krakow, Poland)

  • Lukasz Mika

    (Department of Thermal and Fluid Flow Machines, Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30 St., 30-059 Krakow, Poland)

  • Karol Sztekler

    (Department of Thermal and Fluid Flow Machines, Faculty of Energy and Fuels, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30 St., 30-059 Krakow, Poland)

Abstract

The main drawback of phase change materials (PCMs) is their low thermal conductivity, which limits the possibilities of a wide range of implementations. Therefore, the researchers, as found in the literature, proposed several methods to improve the thermal conductivity of PCMs, including inserting high thermal conductivity materials in nano-, micro-, and macro-scales, as well as encapsulation of PCMs. However, these inserts impact the other properties of PCMs like latent heat, melting temperature, thermal stability, and cycling stability. Hence, this paper aims to review the available in the open literature research on the main properties of enhanced PCMs that undergo solid–liquid transition. It is found that inserting high thermal conductivity materials and encapsulation results in improved thermal conductivity of PCMs, but it decreases their latent heat. Moreover, the insertions can act as nucleating agents, and the supercooling degree can be reduced. Some of the thermal conductivity enhancers (TCEs) may prevent PCMs from leakage. However, some test results are inconsistent and some seem to be questionable. Therefore, this review indicates these discrepancies and gaps in knowledge and points out possible directions for further research.

Suggested Citation

  • Ewelina Radomska & Lukasz Mika & Karol Sztekler, 2020. "The Impact of Additives on the Main Properties of Phase Change Materials," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-34, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:12:p:3064-:d:371013
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    1. Yousefi, Esmaeil & Nejad, Ali Abbas & Rezania, Alireza, 2022. "Higher power output in thermoelectric generator integrated with phase change material and metal foams under transient boundary condition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    2. Sylwia Wciślik, 2020. "Efficient Stabilization of Mono and Hybrid Nanofluids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-26, July.
    3. Ewelina Radomska & Łukasz Mika & Karol Sztekler & Wojciech Kalawa & Łukasz Lis & Kinga Pielichowska & Magdalena Szumera & Paweł Rutkowski, 2023. "Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Single-Slope Passive Solar Still with Phase-Change Materials," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-29, January.
    4. Atul Bhattad & Vinay Atgur & Boggarapu Nageswar Rao & N. R. Banapurmath & T. M. Yunus Khan & Chandramouli Vadlamudi & Sanjay Krishnappa & A. M. Sajjan & R. Prasanna Shankara & N. H. Ayachit, 2023. "Review on Mono and Hybrid Nanofluids: Preparation, Properties, Investigation, and Applications in IC Engines and Heat Transfer," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-40, March.
    5. Ewelina Radomska & Lukasz Mika & Karol Sztekler & Lukasz Lis, 2020. "The Impact of Heat Exchangers’ Constructions on the Melting and Solidification Time of Phase Change Materials," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-44, September.

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