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Extreme Fast Charging Technology—Prospects to Enhance Sustainable Electric Transportation

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  • Deepak Ronanki

    (Electric Mobility and Transportation Innovation (E-MOTION) Laboratory, Smart Transportation Electrification and Energy Research (STEER) Group, Department of Electrical, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Computer and Software Engineering, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, Canada
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Apoorva Kelkar

    (Electric Mobility and Transportation Innovation (E-MOTION) Laboratory, Smart Transportation Electrification and Energy Research (STEER) Group, Department of Electrical, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Computer and Software Engineering, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, Canada
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Sheldon S. Williamson

    (Electric Mobility and Transportation Innovation (E-MOTION) Laboratory, Smart Transportation Electrification and Energy Research (STEER) Group, Department of Electrical, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Computer and Software Engineering, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, Canada
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

With the growing fleet of a new generation electric vehicles (EVs), it is essential to develop an adequate high power charging infrastructure that can mimic conventional gasoline fuel stations. Therefore, much research attention must be focused on the development of off-board DC fast chargers which can quickly replenish the charge in an EV battery. However, use of the service transformer in the existing fast charging architecture adds to the system cost, size and complicates the installation process while directly connected to medium-voltage (MV) line. With continual improvements in power electronics and magnetics, solid state transformer (SST) technology can be adopted to enhance power density and efficiency of the system. This paper aims to review the current state of the art architectures and challenges of fast charging infrastructure using SST technology while directly connected to the MV line. Finally, this paper discusses technical considerations, challenges and introduces future research possibilities.

Suggested Citation

  • Deepak Ronanki & Apoorva Kelkar & Sheldon S. Williamson, 2019. "Extreme Fast Charging Technology—Prospects to Enhance Sustainable Electric Transportation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(19), pages 1-17, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:19:p:3721-:d:271966
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ryan Collin & Yu Miao & Alex Yokochi & Prasad Enjeti & Annette von Jouanne, 2019. "Advanced Electric Vehicle Fast-Charging Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-26, May.
    2. Muratori, Matteo & Elgqvist, Emma & Cutler, Dylan & Eichman, Joshua & Salisbury, Shawn & Fuller, Zachary & Smart, John, 2019. "Technology solutions to mitigate electricity cost for electric vehicle DC fast charging," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C), pages 415-423.
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    Cited by:

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    3. Halise Kilicoglu & Pietro Tricoli, 2023. "Technical Review and Survey of Future Trends of Power Converters for Fast-Charging Stations of Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-19, July.
    4. Shafqat Jawad & Junyong Liu, 2020. "Electrical Vehicle Charging Services Planning and Operation with Interdependent Power Networks and Transportation Networks: A Review of the Current Scenario and Future Trends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-24, July.
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    7. Rejaul Islam & S M Sajjad Hossain Rafin & Osama A. Mohammed, 2022. "Comprehensive Review of Power Electronic Converters in Electric Vehicle Applications," Forecasting, MDPI, vol. 5(1), pages 1-59, December.
    8. Dokrak Insan & Wattanapong Rakwichian & Parichart Rachapradit & Prapita Thanarak, 2022. "The Business Analysis of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations to Power Environmentally Friendly Tourism: A Case Study of the Khao Kho Route in Thailand," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 12(6), pages 102-111, November.
    9. Jayaprakash Suvvala & Kannaiah Sathish Kumar, 2023. "Implementation of EFC Charging Station by Multiport Converter with Integration of RES," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-21, February.
    10. Aritra Ghosh, 2020. "Possibilities and Challenges for the Inclusion of the Electric Vehicle (EV) to Reduce the Carbon Footprint in the Transport Sector: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-22, May.
    11. Mlungisi Ntombela & Kabeya Musasa, 2023. "Load Profile and Load Flow Analysis for a Grid System with Electric Vehicles Using a Hybrid Optimization Algorithm," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-23, June.
    12. Luigi Pio di Noia & Fabio Mottola & Daniela Proto & Renato Rizzo, 2022. "Real Time Scheduling of a Microgrid Equipped with Ultra-Fast Charging Stations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-18, January.
    13. Adrian Chmielewski & Piotr Piórkowski & Jakub Możaryn & Stepan Ozana, 2023. "Sustainable Development of Operational Infrastructure for Electric Vehicles: A Case Study for Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-43, June.
    14. Rafał Kopacz & Michał Harasimczuk & Bartosz Lasek & Rafał Miśkiewicz & Jacek Rąbkowski, 2021. "All-SiC ANPC Submodule for an Advanced 1.5 kV EV Charging System under Various Modulation Methods," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-16, September.
    15. Youssef Amry & Elhoussin Elbouchikhi & Franck Le Gall & Mounir Ghogho & Soumia El Hani, 2022. "Electric Vehicle Traction Drives and Charging Station Power Electronics: Current Status and Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-30, August.
    16. Sara Deilami & S. M. Muyeen, 2020. "An Insight into Practical Solutions for Electric Vehicle Charging in Smart Grid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-13, March.
    17. Seyedamin Valedsaravi & Abdelali El Aroudi & Luis Martínez-Salamero, 2022. "Review of Solid-State Transformer Applications on Electric Vehicle DC Ultra-Fast Charging Station," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-35, August.
    18. Aziz Rachid & Hassan El Fadil & Khawla Gaouzi & Kamal Rachid & Abdellah Lassioui & Zakariae El Idrissi & Mohamed Koundi, 2022. "Electric Vehicle Charging Systems: Comprehensive Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-38, December.
    19. Rahman, Syed & Khan, Irfan Ahmed & Khan, Ashraf Ali & Mallik, Ayan & Nadeem, Muhammad Faisal, 2022. "Comprehensive review & impact analysis of integrating projected electric vehicle charging load to the existing low voltage distribution system," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 153(C).
    20. Rehman, Waqas ur & Bo, Rui & Mehdipourpicha, Hossein & Kimball, Jonathan W., 2022. "Sizing battery energy storage and PV system in an extreme fast charging station considering uncertainties and battery degradation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).
    21. Graham Town & Seyedfoad Taghizadeh & Sara Deilami, 2022. "Review of Fast Charging for Electrified Transport: Demand, Technology, Systems, and Planning," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-30, February.
    22. Jorge Martins & F. P. Brito, 2020. "Alternative Fuels for Internal Combustion Engines," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-34, August.
    23. Phuoc Sang Huynh & Deepak Ronanki & Deepa Vincent & Sheldon S. Williamson, 2020. "Overview and Comparative Assessment of Single-Phase Power Converter Topologies of Inductive Wireless Charging Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-23, May.

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