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Energy Consumption and Economic Development in Hong Kong, China

Author

Listed:
  • Wai-Ming To

    (School of Business, Macao Polytechnic Institute, Macao, China)

  • Peter K. C. Lee

    (Department of Logistics and Maritime Studies, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China)

Abstract

The economic structure of a city evolves as the city develops, resulting in a change in energy consumption. This paper presents a historical review of Hong Kong’s economic development and energy consumption from 1970 to 2015. Based on the official data from the Hong Kong government, it was found that Hong Kong’s gross domestic product increased from HKD 208 billion in 1970 to HKD 2398 billion in 2015 in which the contribution from the manufacturing sector peaked in 1985. Energy consumption increased by 9.3 times from 140.2 PJ in 1970 (mostly oil products) to 1298.2 PJ (including oil products, natural gas, coal, and imported electricity) in 2015. The greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to energy consumption were determined based on emission factors for different fuels. Results show that GHG emissions increased from 10.7 million tons (Mt) of CO 2 -equivalent in 1970 to 99.1 Mt of CO 2 -equivalent in 2015.

Suggested Citation

  • Wai-Ming To & Peter K. C. Lee, 2017. "Energy Consumption and Economic Development in Hong Kong, China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-13, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:10:y:2017:i:11:p:1883-:d:119102
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Fei Wang & Changlong Sun & Si Chen & Qiang Zhou & Changjian Wang, 2025. "Energy-Related Carbon Emissions in Mega City in Developing Country: Patterns and Determinants Revealed by Hong Kong," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-25, July.
    2. Shashi Sharma & Shivani Agarwal & Ankur Jain, 2021. "Significance of Hydrogen as Economic and Environmentally Friendly Fuel," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-28, November.
    3. Zhenkai Yang & Mei-Chih Wang & Tsangyao Chang & Wing-Keung Wong & Fangjhy Li, 2022. "Which Factors Determine CO 2 Emissions in China? Trade Openness, Financial Development, Coal Consumption, Economic Growth or Urbanization: Quantile Granger Causality Test," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-18, March.
    4. Jose Egas & Don M. Clucas, 2018. "Stirling Engine Configuration Selection," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-22, March.
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    6. Wai-Ming To & Peter K. C. Lee & Antonio K. W. Lau, 2021. "Economic and Environmental Changes in Shenzhen—A Technology Hub in Southern China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-17, May.
    7. Wei, Nan & Li, Changjun & Peng, Xiaolong & Li, Yang & Zeng, Fanhua, 2019. "Daily natural gas consumption forecasting via the application of a novel hybrid model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C), pages 358-368.
    8. Raúl Arango-Miranda & Robert Hausler & Rabindranarth Romero-Lopez & Mathias Glaus & Sara P. Ibarra-Zavaleta, 2018. "Carbon Dioxide Emissions, Energy Consumption and Economic Growth: A Comparative Empirical Study of Selected Developed and Developing Countries. “The Role of Exergy”," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-16, October.

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