IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ers/ijebaa/vxy2022i1p190-213.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Firm Performance Indicators as a Fundamental Analysis of Stocks and a Determinant of a Firm’s Operation

Author

Listed:
  • Sakchai Naknok

Abstract

Purpose: The aim is to analyze which financial instruments effectively determine firm performance as key indicators of business success and the fundamental analysis of stocks. Design/methodology/approach: The study analyzed firm performance using financial statements for 100 listed Thailand companies via 513 observations during the period 2016-2020, including the economic COVID-19 crisis. The methodology was divided into two stages, at identifying the relevant dimensions of financial tools and firm size on firm performance using the ordinary least square regression logarithm. During the second stage, quantile regression was used to evaluate financial instruments as a determinant of firm performance using a set of regression functions to non-normal errors and outliers. Findings: The ordinary least square results indicated that both the price earnings ratio and book-to-market ratio are significantly negative determinants of firm performance. The interest coverage ratio was a positive determinant of earnings per share. Meanwhile, the price earnings ratio, book-to-market ratio, and interest coverage ratio were also main determinants of firm performance in both earnings per share and return on equity in all quantiles of the firm. Practical implications: The finding not only identifies firm performance indicators to propel an organization’s capability, but also motivates that managers should make to evaluate operating results to effectively deal with a company’s high performance. These indicators truly provide insight into the operation of the business by reflecting on the operation to maintain professional boundaries to earn profit that benefits both investors’ decision and shareholders. Originality/value: The novelty of this paper lies on the differently distinguished performance companies in Thailand. These investigations enrich the perception of firm performance indicators that motivate whether a company fully manages its operation to generate profit. The price earnings ratio, book-to-market ratio, interest coverage ratio, and firm size have been assessed to be outstanding indicators to contribute effective strategy of firm performance. Most investors consider fundamental value as an indicator of a firm’s performance in order to investing decisions in the stock market.

Suggested Citation

  • Sakchai Naknok, 2022. "Firm Performance Indicators as a Fundamental Analysis of Stocks and a Determinant of a Firm’s Operation," International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), vol. 0(1), pages 190-213.
    • Handle: RePEc:ers:ijebaa:v:x:y:2022:i:1:p:190-213
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.ijeba.com/journal/758/download
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Joshua Abor, 2005. "The effect of capital structure on profitability: an empirical analysis of listed firms in Ghana," Journal of Risk Finance, Emerald Group Publishing, vol. 6(5), pages 438-445, November.
    2. Ioannis Katsampoxakis & Haralampos Basdekis & Konstantinos Anathreptakis, 2015. "How Firm and Market Characteristics Affect Profitability: An Empirical Study," International Journal of Corporate Finance and Accounting (IJCFA), IGI Global, vol. 2(1), pages 67-83, January.
    3. Ali Saleh Alarussi & Sami Mohammed Alhaderi, 2018. "Factors affecting profitability in Malaysia," Journal of Economic Studies, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 45(3), pages 442-458, August.
    4. Ani L. Katchova & Sierra J. Enlow, 2013. "Financial performance of publicly‐traded agribusinesses," Agricultural Finance Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 73(1), pages 58-73, May.
    5. Gabriel Di Bella & Mr. Lawrence Norton & Mr. Joseph Ntamatungiro & Ms. Sumiko Ogawa & Issouf Samaké & Marika Santoro, 2015. "Energy Subsidies in Latin America and the Caribbean: Stocktaking and Policy Challenges," IMF Working Papers 2015/030, International Monetary Fund.
    6. Mark C. Anderson & Rajiv D. Banker & Surya N. Janakiraman, 2003. "Are Selling, General, and Administrative Costs “Sticky”?," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 41(1), pages 47-63, March.
    7. Colin Clubb & Mounir Naffi, 2007. "The Usefulness of Book‐to‐Market and ROE Expectations for Explaining UK Stock Returns," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(1‐2), pages 1-32, January.
    8. Kenneth Leong & Marco Pagani & Janis K. Zaima, 2009. "Portfolio strategies using EVA, earnings ratio or book‐to‐market," Review of Accounting and Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 8(1), pages 76-86, February.
    9. repec:eme:jrfpps:v:14:y:2013:i:2:p:286-302 is not listed on IDEAS
    10. Itzhak Venezia & Amrut Nashikkar & Zur Shapira, 2011. "Firm specific and macro herding by professional and amateur investors and their effects on market volatility," Discussion Paper Series dp586, The Federmann Center for the Study of Rationality, the Hebrew University, Jerusalem.
    11. Venezia, Itzhak & Nashikkar, Amrut & Shapira, Zur, 2011. "Firm specific and macro herding by professional and amateur investors and their effects on market volatility," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 35(7), pages 1599-1609, July.
    12. Joseph Oscar Akotey & Frank G. Sackey & Lordina Amoah & Richard Frimpong Manso, 2013. "The financial performance of life insurance companies in Ghana," Journal of Risk Finance, Emerald Group Publishing, vol. 14(3), pages 286-302, May.
    13. Haiyan Deng & Ruifa Hu & Jikun Huang & Carl Pray & Yanhong Jin & Zhonghua Li, 2017. "Attitudes toward GM foods, biotechnology R&D investment and lobbying activities among agribusiness firms in the food, feed, chemical and seed industries in China," China Agricultural Economic Review, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 9(3), pages 385-396, September.
    14. Keith Anderson & Chris Brooks, 2006. "Decomposing the price-earnings ratio," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 6(6), pages 456-469, March.
    15. Locke, Peter R. & Mann, Steven C., 2005. "Professional trader discipline and trade disposition," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 76(2), pages 401-444, May.
    16. Boonlert Jitmaneeroj, 2017. "The impact of dividend policy on price-earnings ratio," Review of Accounting and Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 16(1), pages 125-140, February.
    17. Colin Clubb & Mounir Naffi, 2007. "The Usefulness of Book-to-Market and ROE Expectations for Explaining UK Stock Returns," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(1-2), pages 1-32.
    18. Ming‐Yuan Leon Li & Nen‐Chen Richard Hwang, 2011. "Effects of Firm Size, Financial Leverage and R&D Expenditures on Firm Earnings: An Analysis Using Quantile Regression Approach," Abacus, Accounting Foundation, University of Sydney, vol. 47(2), pages 182-204, June.
    19. Emine Öner Kaya, 2015. "The Effects of Firm-Specific Factors on the Profitability of Non-Life Insurance Companies in Turkey," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 3(4), pages 1-20, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Chou, Robin K. & Wang, Yun-Yi, 2011. "A test of the different implications of the overconfidence and disposition hypotheses," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 35(8), pages 2037-2046, August.
    2. Yide Wang & Chao Yu & Xujie Zhao, 2023. "Does herding effect help forecast market volatility?—Evidence from the Chinese stock market," Journal of Forecasting, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(5), pages 1275-1290, August.
    3. Bastian Schulz, 2023. "Behavioral Finance and how its Behavioral Biases Affect German Investors," ACTA VSFS, University of Finance and Administration, vol. 17(1), pages 39-59.
    4. Arjoon, Vaalmikki & Bhatnagar, Chandra Shekhar & Ramlakhan, Prakash, 2020. "Herding in the Singapore stock Exchange," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    5. KamukaKang’ombi & Dr. Charles Muwe Mungule, 2023. "Assessing Factors Affecting Financial Performance of Insurance Companies in Zambia," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 7(5), pages 153-166, May.
    6. Muhammad Usman Arshad, 2021. "Forecasted E/P Ratio and ROE: Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE), China," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(2), pages 21582440211, June.
    7. Tihana Škrinjarić, 2018. "Revisiting Herding Investment Behavior on the Zagreb Stock Exchange: A Quantile Regression Approach," Econometric Research in Finance, SGH Warsaw School of Economics, Collegium of Economic Analysis, vol. 3(2), pages 119-162, December.
    8. Lee, Kyuseok, 2017. "Herd behavior of the overall market: Evidence based on the cross-sectional comovement of returns," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 266-284.
    9. Xolani Sibande & Rangan Gupta & Riza Demirer & Elie Bouri, 2023. "Investor Sentiment and (Anti) Herding in the Currency Market: Evidence from Twitter Feed Data," Journal of Behavioral Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(1), pages 56-72, January.
    10. Paula A. Yepes-Henao & Diego A. Agudelo & Ramazan Gencay, 2018. "Muddying the waters: Who Induces Volatility in an Emerging Market?," Documentos de Trabajo CIEF 16974, Universidad EAFIT.
    11. Galariotis, Emilios C. & Krokida, Styliani-Iris & Spyrou, Spyros I., 2016. "Bond market investor herding: Evidence from the European financial crisis," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 367-375.
    12. Sunday Akpan & Fauziah Mahat & Bany-Ariffin Noordin & Annuar Nassir, 2017. "Revisiting Insurance Capital Structure, Risk-Taking Behaviour and Performance between 1995 – 2002," Asian Social Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 13(11), pages 128-128, November.
    13. Zhenxi Chen & Jing Ru, 2021. "Herding and capitalization size in the Chinese stock market: a micro-foundation evidence," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 60(4), pages 1895-1911, April.
    14. Arjoon, Vaalmikki & Bhatnagar, Chandra Shekhar, 2017. "Dynamic herding analysis in a frontier market," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 496-508.
    15. Sunday S. Akpan & Fauziah Mahat & Bany-Ariffin Noordin & Annuar Nassir, 2017. "Contrasting the Effect of Risk- and Non Risk-Based Capital Structure on Insurers’ Performance in Nigeria," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 6(4), pages 1-17, November.
    16. SENARATHNE W Chamil & JIANGUO Wei, 2018. "Do Investors Mimic Trading Strategies Of Foreign Investors Or The Market: Implications For Capital Asset Pricing," Studies in Business and Economics, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Faculty of Economic Sciences, vol. 13(3), pages 171-205, December.
    17. Lin, Yi-Mien & Lee, Chih-Chen & Chao, Chin-Fang & Liu, Chih-Liang, 2015. "The information content of unexpected stock returns: Evidence from intellectual capital," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 208-225.
    18. Liu, Tengdong & Zheng, Dazhi & Zheng, Suyan & Lu, Yang, 2023. "Herding in Chinese stock markets: Evidence from the dual-investor-group," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    19. Hackethal, Andreas & Haliassos, Michael & Jappelli, Tullio, 2012. "Financial advisors: A case of babysitters?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 509-524.
    20. Melo, Jean Marcio & Távora, Lamartine & Xavier, Leonardo & Lucena, Pierre, 2010. "Os indicadores ROE e PVPA aplicados como balizadores de estratégias de investimentos: uma análise do mercado acionário brasileiro de 1995 a 2009 [The PVPA and ROE indicators used as a guide for inv," MPRA Paper 38123, University Library of Munich, Germany.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Firm performance; fundamental analysis; quantile regression.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • B26 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought since 1925 - - - Financial Economics
    • D25 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Intertemporal Firm Choice: Investment, Capacity, and Financing
    • M21 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Economics - - - Business Economics

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ers:ijebaa:v:x:y:2022:i:1:p:190-213. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Marios Agiomavritis (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://ijeba.com/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.