IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/trapol/v129y2022icp219-236.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Barriers to the adoption of the mobility-as-a-service concept: The case of Istanbul, a large emerging metropolis

Author

Listed:
  • Kayikci, Yasanur
  • Kabadurmus, Ozgur

Abstract

Megatrends such as urbanization, digitalization, and decarbonization have created the necessity for new and creative approaches to the urban transportation system. As a solution to the problems of the increasingly digitalized urban transportation environment, “Mobility-as-a-Service” (MaaS) was proposed as a new sustainable transportation concept in Helsinki in 2014. With the use of the MaaS concept, residents of a large emerging metropolis, such as Istanbul, Turkey, can be offered a fast, efficient, environment-friendly, and inexpensive way of travel. However, despite the significant benefits of MaaS, there are several factors that can hinder the adoption of MaaS. This paper aims to analyze these barriers and their contextual relationships with each other using Total Interpretive Structural Modeling (TISM) and Matrix-based-Multiplication-Applied-to-a-Classification (MICMAC) methods. The case study has been conducted on an expert group to explore which significant barriers might be encountered during the adoption of a MaaS system in Istanbul. This study also addresses how these barriers should be overcome, and the MaaS concept should be adopted in Istanbul. The results showed that the most significant barrier to adopting the MaaS concept in Istanbul are Laws, Regulations, and Guidelines that primarily include the legal nature of this mobility service. The least important barriers are found to be Customer Acceptance and Labor Shortage. Therefore, the case study results provided a unique perspective for emerging countries in terms of barriers to successful MaaS implementations and revealed significant differences from the developed countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Kayikci, Yasanur & Kabadurmus, Ozgur, 2022. "Barriers to the adoption of the mobility-as-a-service concept: The case of Istanbul, a large emerging metropolis," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 219-236.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:trapol:v:129:y:2022:i:c:p:219-236
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2022.10.015
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967070X22003006
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.tranpol.2022.10.015?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wright, Steve & Nelson, John D. & Cottrill, Caitlin D, 2020. "MaaS for the suburban market: Incorporating carpooling in the mix," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 206-218.
    2. Basu, Rounaq & Ferreira, Joseph, 2021. "Sustainable mobility in auto-dominated Metro Boston: Challenges and opportunities post-COVID-19," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 197-210.
    3. Corinne Mulley & John Nelson, 2020. "How Mobility as a Service Impacts Public Transport Business Models," International Transport Forum Discussion Papers 2020/17, OECD Publishing.
    4. Lajas, Renata & Macário, Rosário, 2020. "Public policy framework supporting “mobility-as-a-service” implementation," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    5. Ho, Chinh Q. & Hensher, David A. & Mulley, Corinne & Wong, Yale Z., 2018. "Potential uptake and willingness-to-pay for Mobility as a Service (MaaS): A stated choice study," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 302-318.
    6. J. Jena & Sumati Sidharth & Lakshman S. Thakur & Devendra Kumar Pathak & V.C. Pandey, 2017. "Total Interpretive Structural Modeling (TISM): approach and application," Journal of Advances in Management Research, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 14(2), pages 162-181, May.
    7. Ho, Chinh Q. & Hensher, David A. & Reck, Daniel J. & Lorimer, Sam & Lu, Ivy, 2021. "MaaS bundle design and implementation: Lessons from the Sydney MaaS trial," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 339-376.
    8. Meurs, Henk & Sharmeen, Fariya & Marchau, Vincent & van der Heijden, Rob, 2020. "Organizing integrated services in mobility-as-a-service systems: Principles of alliance formation applied to a MaaS-pilot in the Netherlands," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 178-195.
    9. Silvestri, Alessandro & Foudi, Sébastien & Galarraga, Ibon & Ansuategi, Alberto, 2021. "The contribution of carsharing to low carbon mobility: Complementarity and substitution with other modes," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    10. J. Jena & Sumati Sidharth & Lakshman S. Thakur & Devendra Kumar Pathak & V.C. Pandey, 2017. "Total Interpretive Structural Modeling (TISM): approach and application," Journal of Advances in Management Research, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 14(2), pages 162-181, May.
    11. Dana Yanocha & Jacob Mason & Jonas Hagen, 2021. "Using data and technology to integrate mobility modes in low-income cities," Transport Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(3), pages 262-284, May.
    12. Lopez-Carreiro, Iria & Monzon, Andres & Lopez, Elena & Lopez-Lambas, Maria Eugenia, 2020. "Urban mobility in the digital era: An exploration of travellers' expectations of MaaS mobile-technologies," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    13. Liljamo, Timo & Liimatainen, Heikki & Pöllänen, Markus & Utriainen, Roni, 2020. "People’s current mobility costs and willingness to pay for Mobility as a Service offerings," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 99-119.
    14. Göran Smith & Jana Sochor & I.C. MariAnne Karlsson, 2019. "Public–private innovation: barriers in the case of mobility as a service in West Sweden," Public Management Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(1), pages 116-137, January.
    15. Cottrill, Caitlin D., 2020. "MaaS surveillance: Privacy considerations in mobility as a service," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 50-57.
    16. Zijlstra, Toon & Durand, Anne & Hoogendoorn-Lanser, Sascha & Harms, Lucas, 2020. "Early adopters of Mobility-as-a-Service in the Netherlands," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 197-209.
    17. Ho, Chinh Q. & Mulley, Corinne & Hensher, David A., 2020. "Public preferences for mobility as a service: Insights from stated preference surveys," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 70-90.
    18. Ye, Jianhong & Zheng, Jiaqi & Yi, Fabin, 2020. "A study on users' willingness to accept mobility as a service based on UTAUT model," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    19. Lyons, Glenn & Hammond, Paul & Mackay, Kate, 2019. "The importance of user perspective in the evolution of MaaS," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 22-36.
    20. Sanjay Dhir & Swati Dhir, 2020. "Modeling of strategic thinking enablers: a modified total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) and MICMAC approach," International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, Springer;The Society for Reliability, Engineering Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM),India, and Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden, vol. 11(1), pages 175-188, February.
    21. Smith, Göran & Sochor, Jana & Karlsson, I.C. MariAnne, 2020. "Intermediary MaaS Integrators: A case study on hopes and fears," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 163-177.
    22. Caiati, Valeria & Rasouli, Soora & Timmermans, Harry, 2020. "Bundling, pricing schemes and extra features preferences for mobility as a service: Sequential portfolio choice experiment," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 123-148.
    23. Melinda Matyas & Maria Kamargianni, 2019. "Survey design for exploring demand for Mobility as a Service plans," Transportation, Springer, vol. 46(5), pages 1525-1558, October.
    24. Merkert, Rico & Bushell, James & Beck, Matthew J., 2020. "Collaboration as a service (CaaS) to fully integrate public transportation – Lessons from long distance travel to reimagine mobility as a service," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 267-282.
    25. Singh, Mitashi, 2020. "India’s shift from mass transit to MaaS transit: Insights from Kochi," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 219-227.
    26. Karlsson, I.C.M. & Mukhtar-Landgren, D. & Smith, G. & Koglin, T. & Kronsell, A. & Lund, E. & Sarasini, S. & Sochor, J., 2020. "Development and implementation of Mobility-as-a-Service – A qualitative study of barriers and enabling factors," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 283-295.
    27. Storme, Tom & De Vos, Jonas & De Paepe, Leen & Witlox, Frank, 2020. "Limitations to the car-substitution effect of MaaS. Findings from a Belgian pilot study," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 196-205.
    28. Vij, Akshay & Ryan, Stacey & Sampson, Spring & Harris, Susan, 2020. "Consumer preferences for on-demand transport in Australia," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 823-839.
    29. Mulley, Corinne & Ho, Chinh & Balbontin, Camila & Hensher, David & Stevens, Larissa & Nelson, John D. & Wright, Steve, 2020. "Mobility as a service in community transport in Australia: Can it provide a sustainable future?," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 107-122.
    30. Kivimaa, Paula & Rogge, Karoline S., 2022. "Interplay of policy experimentation and institutional change in sustainability transitions: The case of mobility as a service in Finland," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(1).
    31. Lopez-Carreiro, Iria & Monzon, Andres & Lopez-Lambas, Maria E., 2021. "Comparison of the willingness to adopt MaaS in Madrid (Spain) and Randstad (The Netherlands) metropolitan areas," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 275-294.
    32. Deepak Mathivathanan & K. Mathiyazhagan & Nripendra P. Rana & Sangeeta Khorana & Yogesh K. Dwivedi, 2021. "Barriers to the adoption of blockchain technology in business supply chains: a total interpretive structural modelling (TISM) approach," International Journal of Production Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 59(11), pages 3338-3359, June.
    33. Hensher, David A., 2017. "Future bus transport contracts under a mobility as a service (MaaS) regime in the digital age: Are they likely to change?," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 86-96.
    34. Hirschhorn, Fabio & Paulsson, Alexander & Sørensen, Claus H. & Veeneman, Wijnand, 2019. "Public transport regimes and mobility as a service: Governance approaches in Amsterdam, Birmingham, and Helsinki," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 178-191.
    35. Ellis Keller & Andrea Aguilar & Daniel Hanss, 2018. "Car Sharers’ Interest in Integrated Multimodal Mobility Platforms: A Diffusion of Innovations Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-20, December.
    36. Polydoropoulou, Amalia & Pagoni, Ioanna & Tsirimpa, Athena & Roumboutsos, Athena & Kamargianni, Maria & Tsouros, Ioannis, 2020. "Prototype business models for Mobility-as-a-Service," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 149-162.
    37. Hensher, David A. & Ho, Chinh Q. & Reck, Daniel J., 2021. "Mobility as a service and private car use: Evidence from the Sydney MaaS trial," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 17-33.
    38. Tsouros, Ioannis & Tsirimpa, Athena & Pagoni, Ioanna & Polydoropoulou, Amalia, 2021. "MaaS users: Who they are and how much they are willing-to-pay," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 470-480.
    39. Pangbourne, Kate & Mladenović, Miloš N. & Stead, Dominic & Milakis, Dimitris, 2020. "Questioning mobility as a service: Unanticipated implications for society and governance," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 35-49.
    40. Peraphan Jittrapirom & Valeria Caiati & Anna-Maria Feneri & Shima Ebrahimigharehbaghi & María J. Alonso González & Jishnu Narayan, 2017. "Mobility as a Service: A Critical Review of Definitions, Assessments of Schemes, and Key Challenges," Urban Planning, Cogitatio Press, vol. 2(2), pages 13-25.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Enoch, Marcus & Potter, Stephen, 2023. "MaaS (Mobility as a Service) market futures explored," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 31-40.
    2. Papaix, Claire & Eranova, Mariya & Zhou, Li, 2023. "Shared mobility research: Looking through a paradox lens," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 133(C), pages 156-167.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Lopez-Carreiro, Iria & Monzon, Andres & Lopez-Lambas, Maria E., 2021. "Comparison of the willingness to adopt MaaS in Madrid (Spain) and Randstad (The Netherlands) metropolitan areas," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 275-294.
    2. Kriswardhana, Willy & Esztergár-Kiss, Domokos, 2023. "Exploring the aspects of MaaS adoption based on college students’ preferences," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 113-125.
    3. Reck, Daniel J. & Hensher, David A. & Ho, Chinh Q., 2020. "MaaS bundle design," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 485-501.
    4. Iria Lopez-Carreiro & Andres Monzon & Elena Lopez, 2023. "MaaS Implications in the Smart City: A Multi-Stakeholder Approach," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-27, July.
    5. Dadashzadeh, Nima & Woods, Lee & Ouelhadj, Djamila & Thomopoulos, Nikolas & Kamargianni, Maria & Antoniou, Constantinos, 2022. "Mobility as a Service Inclusion Index (MaaSINI): Evaluation of inclusivity in MaaS systems and policy recommendations," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 191-202.
    6. Zipeng Zhang & Ning Zhang, 2021. "A Novel Development Scheme of Mobility as a Service: Can It Provide a Sustainable Environment for China?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-19, April.
    7. Lopez-Carreiro, Iria & Monzon, Andres & Lopez, Elena & Lopez-Lambas, Maria Eugenia, 2020. "Urban mobility in the digital era: An exploration of travellers' expectations of MaaS mobile-technologies," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    8. Kim, Eui-Jin & Kim, Youngseo & Jang, Sunghoon & Kim, Dong-Kyu, 2021. "Tourists’ preference on the combination of travel modes under Mobility-as-a-Service environment," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 236-255.
    9. van 't Veer, Renske & Annema, Jan Anne & Araghi, Yashar & Homem de Almeida Correia, Gonçalo & van Wee, Bert, 2023. "Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS): A latent class cluster analysis to identify Dutch vehicle owners’ use intention," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    10. Smith, Göran & Sørensen, Claus Hedegaard, 2023. "Public-private MaaS: Unchallenged assumptions and issues of conflict in Sweden," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    11. Ho, Chinh Q. & Hensher, David A. & Reck, Daniel J. & Lorimer, Sam & Lu, Ivy, 2021. "MaaS bundle design and implementation: Lessons from the Sydney MaaS trial," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 339-376.
    12. Paula Brezovec & Nina Hampl, 2021. "Electric Vehicles Ready for Breakthrough in MaaS? Consumer Adoption of E-Car Sharing and E-Scooter Sharing as a Part of Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-25, February.
    13. Ho, Chinh Q., 2022. "Can MaaS change users’ travel behaviour to deliver commercial and societal outcomes?," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 76-97.
    14. Tom Storme & Corneel Casier & Hossein Azadi & Frank Witlox, 2021. "Impact Assessments of New Mobility Services: A Critical Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-20, March.
    15. Maria Vittoria Corazza & Giordano Carassiti, 2021. "Investigating Maturity Requirements to Operate Mobility as a Service: The Rome Case," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(15), pages 1-31, July.
    16. Benjamin Maas, 2022. "Literature Review of Mobility as a Service," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-28, July.
    17. Xi, Haoning & Liu, Wei & Waller, S. Travis & Hensher, David A. & Kilby, Philip & Rey, David, 2023. "Incentive-compatible mechanisms for online resource allocation in Mobility-as-a-Service systems," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 119-147.
    18. Duan, Sophia Xiaoxia & Tay, Richard & Molla, Alemayehu & Deng, Hepu, 2022. "Predicting Mobility as a Service (MaaS) use for different trip categories: An artificial neural network analysis," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 135-149.
    19. Bushell, James & Merkert, Rico & Beck, Matthew J., 2022. "Consumer preferences for operator collaboration in intra- and intercity transport ecosystems: Institutionalising platforms to facilitate MaaS 2.0," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 160-178.
    20. Georgina Santos & Nikolay Nikolaev, 2021. "Mobility as a Service and Public Transport: A Rapid Literature Review and the Case of Moovit," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-18, March.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:trapol:v:129:y:2022:i:c:p:219-236. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/30473/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.