IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/renene/v193y2022icp895-912.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Impact of demand flexibility and tiered resilience on solar photovoltaic adoption in humanitarian settlements

Author

Listed:
  • Ray, Manojit
  • Chakraborty, Basab

Abstract

Globally, about 80 million people are forcibly displaced. Many of them live in dark camps without electricity. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees-managed camp administration commonly provides water to camp residents using polluting diesel generators. Moreover, inadequate cooking energy forces refugees to use unsustainable firewood or skip meals. Solar photovoltaic is increasingly surfacing as an alternative for water pumping. Additionally, it could support all camp-essentials. However, initial high investment impedes the solar photovoltaic proliferation in camps and hinders the United Nations’ plan to adopt clean energy in operations. Embracing power purchase agreements may shift the upfront investment to an energy service company though energy remains expensive with supply-focused agreement-crafting. Incorporating demand flexibility and tiered resilience in energy system design may lessen investment and improve utilisation. This study investigates the impact of consumer-integrated power purchase agreement-crafting to economically power camps with solar photovoltaic. Results show solar photovoltaics can power humanitarian settlements while leveraging collaborative consumption to power higher-tier requiring devices with lower-tier photovoltaic supply. Moreover, Solar photovoltaic generation can inexpensively power e-cooking, water pumping, illumination, community essentials, and critical resilience in a refugee camp with a substantial reduction in annual energy charge for the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.

Suggested Citation

  • Ray, Manojit & Chakraborty, Basab, 2022. "Impact of demand flexibility and tiered resilience on solar photovoltaic adoption in humanitarian settlements," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 895-912.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:193:y:2022:i:c:p:895-912
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2022.05.091
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148122007388
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.renene.2022.05.091?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hirsch, Adam & Parag, Yael & Guerrero, Josep, 2018. "Microgrids: A review of technologies, key drivers, and outstanding issues," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 402-411.
    2. Lynch, Muireann Á. & Nolan, Sheila & Devine, Mel T. & O’Malley, Mark, 2019. "The impacts of demand response participation in capacity markets," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C), pages 444-451.
    3. Suzanna Huber & Eva Mach, 2019. "Policies for increased sustainable energy access in displacement settings," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 4(12), pages 1000-1002, December.
    4. Ray, Manojit & Chakraborty, Basab, 2019. "Impact of evolving technology on collaborative energy access scaling," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 13-27.
    5. Salemi, Colette, 2021. "Refugee camps and deforestation in Sub-Saharan Africa," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    6. Sovacool, Benjamin K. & Griffiths, Steve, 2020. "The cultural barriers to a low-carbon future: A review of six mobility and energy transitions across 28 countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    7. Owen Grafham & Phil Sandwell, 2019. "Harness better data to improve provision of humanitarian energy," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 4(12), pages 993-996, December.
    8. Abhijit Banerjee & Paul Niehaus & Tavneet Suri, 2019. "Universal Basic Income in the Developing World," Annual Review of Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 11(1), pages 959-983, August.
    9. Alloush, Mohamad & Taylor, J. Edward & Gupta, Anubhab & Rojas Valdes, Ruben Irvin & Gonzalez-Estrada, Ernesto, 2017. "Economic Life in Refugee Camps," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 334-347.
    10. Roche, O.M. & Blanchard, R.E., 2018. "Design of a solar energy centre for providing lighting and income-generating activities for off-grid rural communities in Kenya," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 685-694.
    11. Santibañez-Aguilar, José Ezequiel & Castellanos, Sergio & Flores-Tlacuahuac, Antonio & Shapiro, Benjamin B. & Powell, Douglas M. & Buonassisi, Tonio & Kammen, Daniel M., 2020. "Design of domestic photovoltaics manufacturing systems under global constraints and uncertainty," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 1174-1189.
    12. Ray, Manojit & Chakraborty, Basab, 2021. "Impact of demand response on escalating energy access with affordable solar photovoltaic generation in the Global South," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    13. Chowdhury, Tamal & Chowdhury, Hemal & Miskat, Monirul Islam & Chowdhury, Piyal & Sait, Sadiq M. & Thirugnanasambandam, M. & Saidur, R., 2020. "Developing and evaluating a stand-alone hybrid energy system for Rohingya refugee community in Bangladesh," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    14. Polzin, Friedemann & Egli, Florian & Steffen, Bjarne & Schmidt, Tobias S., 2019. "How do policies mobilize private finance for renewable energy?—A systematic review with an investor perspective," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C), pages 1249-1268.
    15. Anoushka Boodhna & Corrie Sissons & Jessica Fullwood-Thomas, 2019. "A systems thinking approach for energy markets in fragile places," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 4(12), pages 997-999, December.
    16. Laws, Nicholas D. & Anderson, Kate & DiOrio, Nicholas A. & Li, Xiangkun & McLaren, Joyce, 2018. "Impacts of valuing resilience on cost-optimal PV and storage systems for commercial buildings," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 896-909.
    17. Hansen, Kenneth & Breyer, Christian & Lund, Henrik, 2019. "Status and perspectives on 100% renewable energy systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 471-480.
    18. Sarah Rosenberg-Jansen & Tracy Tunge & Timothy Kayumba, 2019. "Inclusive energy solutions in refugee camps," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 4(12), pages 990-992, December.
    19. Gennaro Civero & Vincenzo Rusciano & Debora Scarpato & Mariarosaria Simeone, 2021. "Food: Not Only Safety, but Also Sustainability. The Emerging Trend of New Social Consumers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-15, November.
    20. Mendicino, Luca & Menniti, Daniele & Pinnarelli, Anna & Sorrentino, Nicola, 2019. "Corporate power purchase agreement: Formulation of the related levelized cost of energy and its application to a real life case study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C), pages 1-1.
    21. Geddes, Anna & Schmidt, Tobias S. & Steffen, Bjarne, 2018. "The multiple roles of state investment banks in low-carbon energy finance: An analysis of Australia, the UK and Germany," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 115(C), pages 158-170.
    22. Nicky Dean, 2019. "Strategies to empower," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 4(12), pages 1003-1005, December.
    23. Gopal K. Sarangi & D. Pugazenthi & Arabinda Mishra & Debajit Palit & Subhes C. Bhattacharyya, 2020. "Marginalisation of off-grid energy sector in Sri Lanka: What lessons could be learnt?," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(6), pages 5219-5243, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Chowdhury, Tamal & Chowdhury, Hemal & Islam, Kazi Sifatul & Sharifi, Ayyoob & Corkish, Richard & Sait, Sadiq M., 2023. "Resilience analysis of a PV/battery system of health care centres in Rohingya refugee camp," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PA).
    2. Marios Stanitsas & Konstantinos Kirytopoulos, 2023. "Sustainable Energy Strategies for Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-19, April.
    3. Jose Barroco & Peerapat Vithayasrichareon, 2023. "Accelerating the Energy Transition through Power Purchase Agreement Design: A Philippines Off-Grid Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-26, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Thomas, P.J.M. & Sandwell, P. & Williamson, S.J. & Harper, P.W., 2021. "A PESTLE analysis of solar home systems in refugee camps in Rwanda," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    2. Duccio Baldi & Magda Moner-Girona & Elena Fumagalli & Fernando Fahl, 2022. "Planning sustainable electricity solutions for refugee settlements in sub-Saharan Africa," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 7(4), pages 369-379, April.
    3. Jaime Moreno-Serna & Teresa Sánchez-Chaparro & Leda Stott & Javier Mazorra & Ruth Carrasco-Gallego & Carlos Mataix, 2021. "Feedback Loops and Facilitation: Catalyzing Transformational Multi-Stakeholder Refugee Response Partnerships," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-21, October.
    4. Jaime Moreno-Serna & Teresa Sánchez-Chaparro & Javier Mazorra & Ander Arzamendi & Leda Stott & Carlos Mataix, 2020. "Transformational Collaboration for the SDGs: The Alianza Shire’s Work to Provide Energy Access in Refugee Camps and Host Communities," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-28, January.
    5. Waidelich, Paul & Krug, Joscha & Steffen, Bjarne, 2023. "Mobilizing credit for clean energy: De-risking and public loan provision under learning spillovers," ZEW Discussion Papers 23-040, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    6. Deleidi, Matteo & Mazzucato, Mariana & Semieniuk, Gregor, 2020. "Neither crowding in nor out: Public direct investment mobilising private investment into renewable electricity projects," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    7. Steffen, Bjarne & Karplus, Valerie & Schmidt, Tobias S., 2022. "State ownership and technology adoption: The case of electric utilities and renewable energy," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(6).
    8. Hossain, Eklas & Roy, Shidhartho & Mohammad, Naeem & Nawar, Nafiu & Dipta, Debopriya Roy, 2021. "Metrics and enhancement strategies for grid resilience and reliability during natural disasters," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 290(C).
    9. Papadis, Elisa & Tsatsaronis, George, 2020. "Challenges in the decarbonization of the energy sector," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    10. Polzin, Friedemann & Sanders, Mark, 2020. "How to finance the transition to low-carbon energy in Europe?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    11. Paolo Bertoldi & Marina Economidou & Valentina Palermo & Benigna Boza‐Kiss & Valeria Todeschi, 2021. "How to finance energy renovation of residential buildings: Review of current and emerging financing instruments in the EU," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 10(1), January.
    12. Ray, Manojit & Chakraborty, Basab, 2021. "Impact of demand response on escalating energy access with affordable solar photovoltaic generation in the Global South," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    13. de Oliveira, Glauber Cardoso & Bertone, Edoardo & Stewart, Rodney A., 2022. "Optimisation modelling tools and solving techniques for integrated precinct-scale energy–water system planning," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 318(C).
    14. Elie, Luc & Granier, Caroline & Rigot, Sandra, 2021. "The different types of renewable energy finance: A Bibliometric analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    15. Richard Wallsgrove & Jisuk Woo & Jae-Hyup Lee & Lorraine Akiba, 2021. "The Emerging Potential of Microgrids in the Transition to 100% Renewable Energy Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-28, March.
    16. Chen, Ting & Vandendriessche, Frederik, 2023. "Evolution of the EU legal framework for promoting RES-E: A market compatible paradigm shift?," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    17. Jain, Sourabh, 2022. "Exploring structures of power purchase agreements towards supplying 24x7 variable renewable electricity," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(PA).
    18. Gregor Semieniuk & Emanuele Campiglio & Jean‐Francois Mercure & Ulrich Volz & Neil R. Edwards, 2021. "Low‐carbon transition risks for finance," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 12(1), January.
    19. de Oliveira, Glauber Cardoso & Bertone, Edoardo & Stewart, Rodney A., 2022. "Challenges, opportunities, and strategies for undertaking integrated precinct-scale energy–water system planning," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    20. Wei Liu & Youfa Sun & Serhat Yüksel & Hasan Dinçer, 2021. "Consensus-based multidimensional due diligence of fintech-enhanced green energy investment projects," Financial Innovation, Springer;Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, vol. 7(1), pages 1-31, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:193:y:2022:i:c:p:895-912. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/renewable-energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.