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Biodiesel production from microalgal biomass using CaO catalyst synthesized from natural waste material

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  • Pandit, Priti R.
  • Fulekar, M.H.

Abstract

Calcium oxide (CaO) catalyst was prepared using chicken egg shell waste and tested as a catalyst for the production of biodiesel from Chlorella vulgaris biomass. The calcination method was adopted for the synthesis of CaO catalyst. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) image showed that the catalyst had a spherical structure with average particle size of 46.1 ± 2.1 nm, further analysis was carried out using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) adsorption, scanning electron microscopy, elemental analysis, X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Transesterification process was conducted by using response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD). The optimum reaction conditions were observed at 70 °C, 10:1 methanol: dry biomass ratio, 1.39% catalyst loading, 3 h reaction time, and 140 rpm stirring rate resulted 92.03% biodiesel yield. The key fuel properties includes; iodine value (88.5 g I2 100/g), cetane number (50.0), cloud point (9.2 °C), pour point (3.1 °C), oxidation stability (7.4 h), higher heating value (44.7), kinematic viscosity (4.5 mm2/s) and density (0.9 g/cm3) resulted good quality of microalgae biodiesel. Our research finding shows that the CaO catalyst derived from egg shell waste is an economically potential and eco-friendly catalyst for biodiesel production.

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  • Pandit, Priti R. & Fulekar, M.H., 2019. "Biodiesel production from microalgal biomass using CaO catalyst synthesized from natural waste material," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 837-845.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:136:y:2019:i:c:p:837-845
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.01.047
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Alsharifi, Mariam & Znad, Hussein & Hena, Sufia & Ang, Ming, 2017. "Biodiesel production from canola oil using novel Li/TiO2 as a heterogeneous catalyst prepared via impregnation method," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(PB), pages 1077-1089.
    2. Giakoumis, Evangelos G., 2013. "A statistical investigation of biodiesel physical and chemical properties, and their correlation with the degree of unsaturation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 858-878.
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    1. Zhang, Rongyan & Zhu, Fenfen & Dong, Yi & Wu, Xuemin & Sun, Yihe & Zhang, Dongrui & Zhang, Tao & Han, Meiling, 2020. "Function promotion of SO42−/Al2O3–SnO2 catalyst for biodiesel production from sewage sludge," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 275-283.
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    4. Ahmad, Shamshad & Chaudhary, Shalini & Pathak, Vinayak V. & Kothari, Richa & Tyagi, V.V., 2020. "Optimization of direct transesterification of Chlorella pyrenoidosa catalyzed by waste egg shell based heterogenous nano – CaO catalyst," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 86-97.
    5. Hoora Mazaheri & Hwai Chyuan Ong & Zeynab Amini & Haji Hassan Masjuki & M. Mofijur & Chia Hung Su & Irfan Anjum Badruddin & T.M. Yunus Khan, 2021. "An Overview of Biodiesel Production via Calcium Oxide Based Catalysts: Current State and Perspective," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-23, July.
    6. Takeno, Mitsuo L. & Mendonça, Iasmin M. & Barros, Silma de S. & de Sousa Maia, Paulo J. & Pessoa Jr., Wanison A.G. & Souza, Mayane P. & Soares, Elzalina R. & Bindá, Rosane dos S. & Calderaro, Fábio L., 2021. "A novel CaO-based catalyst obtained from silver croaker (Plagioscion squamosissimus) stone for biodiesel synthesis: Waste valorization and process optimization," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 1035-1045.
    7. Lani, Nurul Saadiah & Ngadi, Norzita & Inuwa, Ibrahim Mohammed, 2020. "New route for the synthesis of silica-supported calcium oxide catalyst in biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 1266-1277.
    8. P. Sujin & P. M. Diaz & Ajith J. Kings & L. R. Monisha Miriam, 2023. "Sustainable biodiesel production from Ceiba penandra, Mahua longifolia, and Azadirachta indica using CaO-TiO2 nano catalyst," Energy & Environment, , vol. 34(3), pages 640-662, May.
    9. Li, Hui & Liu, Fengsheng & Ma, Xiaoling & Cui, Ping & Guo, Min & Li, Yan & Gao, Yan & Zhou, Shoujun & Yu, Mingzhi, 2020. "An efficient basic heterogeneous catalyst synthesis of magnetic mesoporous Fe@C support SrO for transesterification," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 149(C), pages 816-827.
    10. Li, Hui & Wang, Yongbo & Ma, Xiaoling & Guo, Min & Li, Yan & Li, Guoning & Cui, Ping & Zhou, Shoujun & Yu, Mingzhi, 2022. "Synthesis of CaO/ZrO2 based catalyst by using UiO–66(Zr) and calcium acetate for biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 970-977.
    11. Laskar, Ikbal Bahar & Deshmukhya, Tuhin & Bhanja, Piyali & Paul, Bappi & Gupta, Rajat & Chatterjee, Sushovan, 2020. "Transesterification of soybean oil at room temperature using biowaste as catalyst; an experimental investigation on the effect of co-solvent on biodiesel yield," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 98-111.

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