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The economics of club bidding and value creation

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  • Marquez, Robert
  • Singh, Rajdeep

Abstract

Many acquisitions are conducted by clubs, i.e., coalitions of acquirers that submit a single bid. We present a novel analysis of club bidding where the club creates value by aggregating, at least partially, bidders' values. We show that club formation can lead to higher acquisition prices when the number of bidders is exogenously fixed and large. However, when entry costs require bidders to optimize their participation decisions, club formation acts as an endogenous limit on competition and reduces the target's premium. In contrast, social efficiency with club bidding is always higher. Our findings can reconcile the contradictory evidence on club bidding.

Suggested Citation

  • Marquez, Robert & Singh, Rajdeep, 2013. "The economics of club bidding and value creation," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 108(2), pages 493-505.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jfinec:v:108:y:2013:i:2:p:493-505
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jfineco.2012.12.001
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Liu, Tingjun, 2016. "Optimal equity auctions with heterogeneous bidders," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 94-123.
    2. Cao, Xiaping & Cumming, Douglas & Goh, Jeremy & Wang, Xiaoming, 2019. "The impact of investor protection law on global takeovers: LBO vs. non-LBO transactions," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 1-18.
    3. Malenko, Andrey & Malenko, Nadya, 2015. "A theory of LBO activity based on repeated debt-equity conflicts," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 117(3), pages 607-627.
    4. Hong Zhu & Qi Zhu, 2016. "Mergers and acquisitions by Chinese firms: A review and comparison with other mergers and acquisitions research in the leading journals," Asia Pacific Journal of Management, Springer, vol. 33(4), pages 1107-1149, December.
    5. Stanfield, Jared, 2020. "Skill, syndication, and performance: Evidence from leveraged buyouts," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    6. Kim, Tae-Nyun & Palia, Darius, 2014. "Private equity alliances in mergers," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 10-20.
    7. Faverzani, Lara, 2024. "Financial resource pooling in club deals," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Club bidding; Joint bidding; Mergers and acquisitions; Takeover auctions; Private equity;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D44 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design - - - Auctions
    • G24 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Investment Banking; Venture Capital; Brokerage
    • G34 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance

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