IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/insuma/v52y2013i2p243-254.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Pricing catastrophe risk bonds: A mixed approximation method

Author

Listed:
  • Ma, Zong-Gang
  • Ma, Chao-Qun

Abstract

This paper presents a contingent claim model similar to the one described by Lee and Yu (2002) for pricing catastrophe risk bonds. First, we derive a bond pricing formula in a stochastic interest rates environment with the losses following a compound nonhomogeneous Poisson process. Furthermore, we estimate and calibrate the parameters of the pricing model using the catastrophe loss data provided by Property Claim Services (PCS) from 1985 to 2010. As no closed-form solution can be obtained, we propose a mixed approximation method to find the numerical solution for the price of catastrophe risk bonds. Finally, numerical experiments demonstrate how financial risks and catastrophic risks affect the prices of catastrophe bonds.

Suggested Citation

  • Ma, Zong-Gang & Ma, Chao-Qun, 2013. "Pricing catastrophe risk bonds: A mixed approximation method," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(2), pages 243-254.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:insuma:v:52:y:2013:i:2:p:243-254
    DOI: 10.1016/j.insmatheco.2012.12.007
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167668713000024
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2012.12.007?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lin, X. Sheldon & Wang, Tao, 2009. "Pricing perpetual American catastrophe put options: A penalty function approach," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(2), pages 287-295, April.
    2. Cox, Samuel H. & Fairchild, Joseph R. & Pedersen, Hal W., 2004. "Valuation of structured risk management products," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(2), pages 259-272, April.
    3. Reijnen, Rajko & Albers, Willem & Kallenberg, Wilbert C.M., 2005. "Approximations for stop-loss reinsurance premiums," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(3), pages 237-250, June.
    4. repec:fth:geneec:99.01 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Burnecki, Krzysztof & Misiorek, Adam & Weron, Rafal, 2010. "Loss Distributions," MPRA Paper 22163, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. John C. Cox & Jonathan E. Ingersoll Jr. & Stephen A. Ross, 2005. "A Theory Of The Term Structure Of Interest Rates," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Sudipto Bhattacharya & George M Constantinides (ed.), Theory Of Valuation, chapter 5, pages 129-164, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    7. Pavel Cizek & Wolfgang Karl Härdle & Rafal Weron, 2005. "Statistical Tools for Finance and Insurance," HSC Books, Hugo Steinhaus Center, Wroclaw University of Technology, number hsbook0501, December.
    8. Wolfgang Karl Härdle & Brenda López Cabrera, 2010. "Calibrating CAT Bonds for Mexican Earthquakes," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 77(3), pages 625-650, September.
    9. Burnecki, Krzysztof & Janczura, Joanna & Weron, Rafal, 2010. "Building Loss Models," MPRA Paper 25492, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    10. Duan, Jin-Chuan & Yu, Min-Teh, 2005. "Fair insurance guaranty premia in the presence of risk-based capital regulations, stochastic interest rate and catastrophe risk," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(10), pages 2435-2454, October.
    11. Egami, Masahiko & Young, Virginia R., 2008. "Indifference prices of structured catastrophe (CAT) bonds," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(2), pages 771-778, April.
    12. Lee, Jin-Ping & Yu, Min-Teh, 2007. "Valuation of catastrophe reinsurance with catastrophe bonds," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 41(2), pages 264-278, September.
    13. Jaimungal, Sebastian & Wang, Tao, 2006. "Catastrophe options with stochastic interest rates and compound Poisson losses," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 38(3), pages 469-483, June.
    14. Samuel Cox & Hal Pedersen, 2000. "Catastrophe Risk Bonds," North American Actuarial Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 4(4), pages 56-82.
    15. Henri Louberge & Evis Kellezi & Manfred Gilli, 1999. "Using Catastrophe-Linked Securities to Diversity Insurance Risk: A Financial Analysis of Cat Bonds," Journal of Insurance Issues, Western Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 22(2), pages 125-146.
    16. Vasicek, Oldrich, 1977. "An equilibrium characterization of the term structure," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 5(2), pages 177-188, November.
    17. Tse,Yiu-Kuen, 2009. "Nonlife Actuarial Models," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521764650, December.
    18. Peter Hördahl & David Vestin, 2005. "Interpreting Implied Risk-Neutral Densities: The Role of Risk Premia," Review of Finance, Springer, vol. 9(1), pages 97-137, March.
    19. Knut Aase, 1999. "An Equilibrium Model of Catastrophe Insurance Futures and Spreads," The Geneva Risk and Insurance Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association for the Study of Insurance Economics (The Geneva Association), vol. 24(1), pages 69-96, June.
    20. Vasicek, Oldrich Alfonso, 1977. "Abstract: An Equilibrium Characterization of the Term Structure," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 12(4), pages 627-627, November.
    21. Charles Levi, & Partrat, Christian, 1991. "Statistical Analysis of Natural Events in the United States," ASTIN Bulletin, Cambridge University Press, vol. 21(2), pages 253-276, November.
    22. Vaugirard, Victor E., 2003. "Pricing catastrophe bonds by an arbitrage approach," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 43(1), pages 119-132.
    23. Merton, Robert C., 1976. "Option pricing when underlying stock returns are discontinuous," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 3(1-2), pages 125-144.
    24. Wolfgang Karl Härdle & Brenda López Cabrera, 2010. "Calibrating CAT Bonds for Mexican Earthquakes," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 77(3), pages 625-650, September.
    25. Cummins, J. David & Lalonde, David & Phillips, Richard D., 2004. "The basis risk of catastrophic-loss index securities," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(1), pages 77-111, January.
    26. Chaubey, Yogendra P. & Garrido, Jose & Trudeau, Sonia, 1998. "On the computation of aggregate claims distributions: some new approximations," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 23(3), pages 215-230, December.
    27. J. David Cummins, 2008. "CAT Bonds and Other Risk‐Linked Securities: State of the Market and Recent Developments," Risk Management and Insurance Review, American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 11(1), pages 23-47, March.
    28. Victor Vaugirard, 2003. "Valuing catastrophe bonds by Monte Carlo simulations," Applied Mathematical Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 10(1), pages 75-90.
    29. Jarrow, Robert A., 2010. "A simple robust model for Cat bond valuation," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 7(2), pages 72-79, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Braun, Alexander, 2011. "Pricing catastrophe swaps: A contingent claims approach," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 49(3), pages 520-536.
    2. Burnecki, Krzysztof & Giuricich, Mario Nicoló & Palmowski, Zbigniew, 2019. "Valuation of contingent convertible catastrophe bonds — The case for equity conversion," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 238-254.
    3. Shao, Jia & Papaioannou, Apostolos D. & Pantelous, Athanasios A., 2017. "Pricing and simulating catastrophe risk bonds in a Markov-dependent environment," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 309(C), pages 68-84.
    4. Ben Ammar, Semir & Braun, Alexander & Eling, Martin, 2015. "Alternative Risk Transfer and Insurance-Linked Securities: Trends, Challenges and New Market Opportunities," I.VW HSG Schriftenreihe, University of St.Gallen, Institute of Insurance Economics (I.VW-HSG), volume 56, number 56.
    5. Eckhard Platen & David Taylor, 2016. "Loading Pricing of Catastrophe Bonds and Other Long-Dated, Insurance-Type Contracts," Research Paper Series 379, Quantitative Finance Research Centre, University of Technology, Sydney.
    6. Wang, Guanying & Wang, Xingchun & Shao, Xinjian, 2022. "Exchange options for catastrophe risk management," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    7. Lo, Chien-Ling & Lee, Jin-Ping & Yu, Min-Teh, 2013. "Valuation of insurers’ contingent capital with counterparty risk and price endogeneity," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(12), pages 5025-5035.
    8. Sukono & Hafizan Juahir & Riza Andrian Ibrahim & Moch Panji Agung Saputra & Yuyun Hidayat & Igif Gimin Prihanto, 2022. "Application of Compound Poisson Process in Pricing Catastrophe Bonds: A Systematic Literature Review," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(15), pages 1-19, July.
    9. Krzysztof Burnecki & Mario Nicoló Giuricich, 2017. "Stable Weak Approximation at Work in Index-Linked Catastrophe Bond Pricing," Risks, MDPI, vol. 5(4), pages 1-19, December.
    10. Yu, Jun, 2015. "Catastrophe options with double compound Poisson processes," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 291-297.
    11. Lee, Jin-Ping & Yu, Min-Teh, 2007. "Valuation of catastrophe reinsurance with catastrophe bonds," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 41(2), pages 264-278, September.
    12. Riza Andrian Ibrahim & Sukono & Herlina Napitupulu & Rose Irnawaty Ibrahim, 2023. "How to Price Catastrophe Bonds for Sustainable Earthquake Funding? A Systematic Review of the Pricing Framework," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-19, May.
    13. Giuricich, Mario Nicoló & Burnecki, Krzysztof, 2019. "Modelling of left-truncated heavy-tailed data with application to catastrophe bond pricing," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 525(C), pages 498-513.
    14. Han-Bin KANG & Hsuling CHANG & Tsangyao CHANG, 2022. "Catastrophe Reinsurance Pricing -Modification of Dynamic Asset-Liability Management," Journal for Economic Forecasting, Institute for Economic Forecasting, vol. 0(4), pages 5-20, December.
    15. Wang, Xingchun, 2016. "Catastrophe equity put options with target variance," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 79-86.
    16. Riza Andrian Ibrahim & Sukono & Herlina Napitupulu & Rose Irnawaty Ibrahim, 2024. "Earthquake Bond Pricing Model Involving the Inconstant Event Intensity and Maximum Strength," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-21, March.
    17. Lo, Chien-Ling & Chang, Carolyn W. & Lee, Jin-Ping & Yu, Min-Teh, 2021. "Pricing catastrophe swaps with default risk and stochastic interest rates," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    18. Carolyn W. Chang & Jack S. K. Chang & Min‐Teh Yu & Yang Zhao, 2020. "Portfolio optimization in the catastrophe space," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 26(5), pages 1414-1448, November.
    19. Nowak, Piotr & Romaniuk, Maciej, 2013. "Pricing and simulations of catastrophe bonds," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(1), pages 18-28.
    20. Chang, Lung-fu & Hung, Mao-wei, 2009. "Analytical valuation of catastrophe equity options with negative exponential jumps," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(1), pages 59-69, February.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:insuma:v:52:y:2013:i:2:p:243-254. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/inca/505554 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.