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Measuring unilateral effects in partial horizontal acquisitions

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  • Brito, Duarte
  • Ribeiro, Ricardo
  • Vasconcelos, Helder

Abstract

Recent years have witnessed an increased interest, by competition agencies, in assessing the competitive effects of partial acquisitions. We propose an empirical structural methodology to examine quantitatively the unilateral impact of partial horizontal acquisitions. The acquisitions may be direct or indirect, and may or may not correspond to control. The proposed methodology simulates the effects on prices, market shares, firm profits and consumer welfare. It can deal with differentiated product industries and nest full mergers as a special case. We provide an empirical application to several acquisitions in the wet shaving industry.

Suggested Citation

  • Brito, Duarte & Ribeiro, Ricardo & Vasconcelos, Helder, 2014. "Measuring unilateral effects in partial horizontal acquisitions," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 22-36.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:indorg:v:33:y:2014:i:c:p:22-36
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijindorg.2013.12.003
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    Cited by:

    1. Torben Stühmeier, 2016. "Competition and Corporate Control in Partial Ownership Acquisitions," Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, Springer, vol. 16(3), pages 297-308, September.
    2. Brito, Duarte & Ribeiro, Ricardo & Vasconcelos, Helder, 2018. "Quantifying the coordinated effects of partial horizontal acquisitions," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 108-149.
    3. Melissa Newham & Jo Seldeslachts & Albert Banal-Estanol, 2018. "Common ownership and market entry: Evidence from the pharmaceutical industry," Working Papers of Department of Management, Strategy and Innovation, Leuven 623896, KU Leuven, Faculty of Economics and Business (FEB), Department of Management, Strategy and Innovation, Leuven.
    4. González, Aldo & Lagos, Vicente, 2021. "Do LPG prices react to the entry of natural gas? Implications for competition policy," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    5. Hassan Benchekroun & Miao Dai & Ngo Van Long, 2020. "On the Profitability of Cross-Ownership in Cournot Oligopolies: Stock Sizes Matter," CIRANO Working Papers 2020s-43, CIRANO.
    6. Brito, Duarte & Elhauge, Einer & Ribeiro, Ricardo & Vasconcelos, Helder, 2023. "Modelling the objective function of managers in the presence of overlapping shareholding," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    7. Chen, Zhiqi & Ross, Thomas W., 2020. "Buffer joint ventures," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    8. Brito, Duarte & Osório, António & Ribeiro, Ricardo & Vasconcelos, Helder, 2018. "Unilateral effects screens for partial horizontal acquisitions: The generalized HHI and GUPPI," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 127-189.
    9. Sven Heim & Kai Hhschelrath & Ulrich Laitenberger & Yossi Spiegel, 2017. "Minority Share Acquisitions and Collusion: Evidence from the Introduction of National Leniency Programs," Working Papers hal-01952937, HAL.
    10. Panagiotis N. Fotis & Michael L. Polemis & Konstantinos Eleftheriou, 2017. "Unilateral effects of partial acquisitions: consistent calculation of GUPPI under horizontal merger guidelines within the EU," Economia e Politica Industriale: Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, Springer;Associazione Amici di Economia e Politica Industriale, vol. 44(3), pages 315-325, September.
    11. Li, Youping & Zhang, Jianhu, 2021. "Product positioning with overlapping ownership," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 208(C).
    12. Martin C. Schmalz, 2018. "Common-Ownership Concentration and Corporate Conduct," CESifo Working Paper Series 6908, CESifo.
    13. Benndorf, Volker & Odenkirchen, Johannes, 2021. "An experiment on partial cross-ownership in oligopolistic markets," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    14. Jin Yangsoo, 2016. "Upward Pricing Pressure in Partial Acquisitions: Application to the Essilor Case," Asian Journal of Law and Economics, De Gruyter, vol. 7(3), pages 343-367, December.
    15. Dai, Miao & Benchekroun, Hassan & Long, Ngo Van, 2022. "On the profitability of cross-ownership in Cournot nonrenewable resource oligopolies: Stock size matters," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    16. Heijnen, Pim & Schoonbeek, Lambert, 2020. "Cross-shareholdings and competition in a rent-seeking contest," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    17. Zevgolis Nikolaos E. & Fotis Panagiotis N., 2019. "A Rule of Reason Approach for Passive Minority Interests within the European Union," Review of Law & Economics, De Gruyter, vol. 15(3), pages 1-41, November.
    18. Pedro Pereira & Tiago Ribeiro, 2018. "Evaluating Partial Divestitures When Vertical Relations are Important," Review of Industrial Organization, Springer;The Industrial Organization Society, vol. 53(2), pages 321-345, September.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Antitrust; Unilateral effects; Partial acquisitions; Oligopoly; Differentiated products; Demand estimation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D12 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
    • C54 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Quantitative Policy Modeling
    • L13 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Oligopoly and Other Imperfect Markets
    • L41 - Industrial Organization - - Antitrust Issues and Policies - - - Monopolization; Horizontal Anticompetitive Practices
    • L66 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - Food; Beverages; Cosmetics; Tobacco

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