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Design aspects of a reversible heat pump - Organic rankine cycle pilot plant for energy storage

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  • Steger, Daniel
  • Regensburger, Christoph
  • Eppinger, Bernd
  • Will, Stefan
  • Karl, Jürgen
  • Schlücker, Eberhard

Abstract

Combining a heat pump cycle (HP) and an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) in one reversible cycle and adding a thermal storage enables an innovative and reversible energy storage concept. This paper describes preliminary considerations, design methods and the development of a HP-ORC-pilot-plant. The storage temperatures are critical factors, as they determine the storage capacity and influence the power-to-power-efficiency. Methods of multicriteria decision-making, such as Pareto optimization, identify favorable combinations. On this basis a pilot plant is designed for 90°C lower and 120°C upper storage temperature aiming at a power-to-power-efficiency of 59% and an electrical storage capacity of 3,6 kWh/t. The selection of the working fluid has also a strong impact on the reversible process, as apparatus properties alter, in some cases effecting significant increase in costs. In the considered case the refrigerant R1233zd(E) shows the best combination of performance, costs and safety. The realization of the compressor of the heat pump and the expander of the organic Rankine cycle in one single machine is another complex task to be considered. Especially the lubrication system has to fulfill the demands of both modes, thus innovative designs of the oil supply and separation are shown, like parallel and serial layouts.

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  • Steger, Daniel & Regensburger, Christoph & Eppinger, Bernd & Will, Stefan & Karl, Jürgen & Schlücker, Eberhard, 2020. "Design aspects of a reversible heat pump - Organic rankine cycle pilot plant for energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:208:y:2020:i:c:s0360544220313232
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.118216
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Carro, A. & Chacartegui, R. & Ortiz, C. & Carneiro, J. & Becerra, J.A., 2022. "Integration of energy storage systems based on transcritical CO2: Concept of CO2 based electrothermal energy and geological storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PA).
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    5. Liang, Ting & Vecchi, Andrea & Knobloch, Kai & Sciacovelli, Adriano & Engelbrecht, Kurt & Li, Yongliang & Ding, Yulong, 2022. "Key components for Carnot Battery: Technology review, technical barriers and selection criteria," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    6. Scharrer, Daniel & Bazan, Peter & Pruckner, Marco & German, Reinhard, 2022. "Simulation and analysis of a Carnot Battery consisting of a reversible heat pump/organic Rankine cycle for a domestic application in a community with varying number of houses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PA).
    7. José Ignacio Linares & Arturo Martín-Colino & Eva Arenas & María José Montes & Alexis Cantizano & José Rubén Pérez-Domínguez, 2023. "Carnot Battery Based on Brayton Supercritical CO 2 Thermal Machines Using Concentrated Solar Thermal Energy as a Low-Temperature Source," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-24, May.
    8. Weitzer, Maximilian & Müller, Dominik & Karl, Jürgen, 2022. "Two-phase expansion processes in heat pump – ORC systems (Carnot batteries) with volumetric machines for enhanced off-design efficiency," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 720-732.
    9. Guido Francesco Frate & Lorenzo Ferrari & Umberto Desideri, 2020. "Rankine Carnot Batteries with the Integration of Thermal Energy Sources: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-28, September.
    10. Chen, Yuzhu & Hu, Xiaojian & Xu, Wentao & Xu, Qiliang & Wang, Jun & Lund, Peter D., 2022. "Multi-objective optimization of a solar-driven trigeneration system considering power-to-heat storage and carbon tax," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
    11. Eppinger, Bernd & Steger, Daniel & Regensburger, Christoph & Karl, Jürgen & Schlücker, Eberhard & Will, Stefan, 2021. "Carnot battery: Simulation and design of a reversible heat pump-organic Rankine cycle pilot plant," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).

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