IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v16y2023i9p3871-d1138342.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Carnot Battery Based on Brayton Supercritical CO 2 Thermal Machines Using Concentrated Solar Thermal Energy as a Low-Temperature Source

Author

Listed:
  • José Ignacio Linares

    (Rafael Mariño Chair on New Energy Technologies, Comillas Pontifical University, Alberto Aguilera 15, 28015 Madrid, Spain)

  • Arturo Martín-Colino

    (Rafael Mariño Chair on New Energy Technologies, Comillas Pontifical University, Alberto Aguilera 15, 28015 Madrid, Spain)

  • Eva Arenas

    (Rafael Mariño Chair on New Energy Technologies, Comillas Pontifical University, Alberto Aguilera 15, 28015 Madrid, Spain
    Institute for Research in Technology, Comillas Pontifical University, Santa Cruz de Marcenado 26, 28015 Madrid, Spain)

  • María José Montes

    (Department of Energy Engineering, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Juan del Rosal 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain)

  • Alexis Cantizano

    (Rafael Mariño Chair on New Energy Technologies, Comillas Pontifical University, Alberto Aguilera 15, 28015 Madrid, Spain
    Institute for Research in Technology, Comillas Pontifical University, Santa Cruz de Marcenado 26, 28015 Madrid, Spain)

  • José Rubén Pérez-Domínguez

    (Rafael Mariño Chair on New Energy Technologies, Comillas Pontifical University, Alberto Aguilera 15, 28015 Madrid, Spain)

Abstract

Carnot batteries store surplus power as heat. They consist of a heat pump, which upgrades a low-temperature thermal energy storage, a high-temperature storage system for the upgraded thermal energy, and a heat engine that converts the stored high-temperature thermal energy into power. A Carnot battery is proposed based on supercritical CO 2 Brayton thermodynamic cycles. The low-temperature storage is a two-tank molten salt system at 380 °C/290 °C fed by a field of parabolic trough collectors. The high-temperature storage consists of another two-tank molten salt system at 589 °C/405 °C. Printed circuit heat exchangers would be required to withstand the high pressure of the cycles, but shell and tube heat exchangers are proposed instead to avoid clogging issues with molten salts. The conventional allocation of high-temperature molten salt heat exchangers is then modified. Using solar energy to enhance the low-temperature thermal source allowed a round-trip efficiency of 1.15 (COP of 2.46 and heat engine efficiency of 46.5%), thus increasing the stored power. The basic configuration has a levelised cost of storage of USD 376/MWh while replacing the shell and tube heat exchangers with hybrid printed circuit heat exchangers is expected to lower the cost to USD 188/MWh.

Suggested Citation

  • José Ignacio Linares & Arturo Martín-Colino & Eva Arenas & María José Montes & Alexis Cantizano & José Rubén Pérez-Domínguez, 2023. "Carnot Battery Based on Brayton Supercritical CO 2 Thermal Machines Using Concentrated Solar Thermal Energy as a Low-Temperature Source," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-24, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:9:p:3871-:d:1138342
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/9/3871/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/9/3871/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dumont, O. & Lemort, V., 2020. "Mapping of performance of pumped thermal energy storage (Carnot battery) using waste heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C).
    2. Linares, José I. & Montes, María J. & Cantizano, Alexis & Sánchez, Consuelo, 2020. "A novel supercritical CO2 recompression Brayton power cycle for power tower concentrating solar plants," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(C).
    3. Vaclav Novotny & Vit Basta & Petr Smola & Jan Spale, 2022. "Review of Carnot Battery Technology Commercial Development," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-33, January.
    4. Reyes-Belmonte, M.A. & Sebastián, A. & Romero, M. & González-Aguilar, J., 2016. "Optimization of a recompression supercritical carbon dioxide cycle for an innovative central receiver solar power plant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 17-27.
    5. Marta Muñoz & Antonio Rovira & María José Montes, 2022. "Thermodynamic cycles for solar thermal power plants: A review," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 11(2), March.
    6. Steger, Daniel & Regensburger, Christoph & Eppinger, Bernd & Will, Stefan & Karl, Jürgen & Schlücker, Eberhard, 2020. "Design aspects of a reversible heat pump - Organic rankine cycle pilot plant for energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 208(C).
    7. Eppinger, Bernd & Steger, Daniel & Regensburger, Christoph & Karl, Jürgen & Schlücker, Eberhard & Will, Stefan, 2021. "Carnot battery: Simulation and design of a reversible heat pump-organic Rankine cycle pilot plant," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    8. Blanquiceth, J. & Cardemil, J.M. & Henríquez, M. & Escobar, R., 2023. "Thermodynamic evaluation of a pumped thermal electricity storage system integrated with large-scale thermal power plants," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    9. Vinnemeier, Philipp & Wirsum, Manfred & Malpiece, Damien & Bove, Roberto, 2016. "Integration of heat pumps into thermal plants for creation of large-scale electricity storage capacities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 506-522.
    10. Bernd Eppinger & Mustafa Muradi & Daniel Scharrer & Lars Zigan & Peter Bazan & Reinhard German & Stefan Will, 2021. "Simulation of the Part Load Behavior of Combined Heat Pump-Organic Rankine Cycle Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-18, June.
    11. Guido Francesco Frate & Lorenzo Ferrari & Umberto Desideri, 2020. "Rankine Carnot Batteries with the Integration of Thermal Energy Sources: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-28, September.
    12. Zhao, Yongliang & Song, Jian & Liu, Ming & Zhao, Yao & Olympios, Andreas V. & Sapin, Paul & Yan, Junjie & Markides, Christos N., 2022. "Thermo-economic assessments of pumped-thermal electricity storage systems employing sensible heat storage materials," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(C), pages 431-456.
    13. Frate, Guido Francesco & Baccioli, Andrea & Bernardini, Leonardo & Ferrari, Lorenzo, 2022. "Assessment of the off-design performance of a solar thermally-integrated pumped-thermal energy storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(P1), pages 636-650.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Stefano Barberis & Simone Maccarini & Syed Safeer Mehdi Shamsi & Alberto Traverso, 2023. "Untapping Industrial Flexibility via Waste Heat-Driven Pumped Thermal Energy Storage Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-24, August.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Weitzer, Maximilian & Müller, Dominik & Karl, Jürgen, 2022. "Two-phase expansion processes in heat pump – ORC systems (Carnot batteries) with volumetric machines for enhanced off-design efficiency," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 720-732.
    2. Scharrer, Daniel & Bazan, Peter & Pruckner, Marco & German, Reinhard, 2022. "Simulation and analysis of a Carnot Battery consisting of a reversible heat pump/organic Rankine cycle for a domestic application in a community with varying number of houses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PA).
    3. Zhao, Yongliang & Song, Jian & Liu, Ming & Zhao, Yao & Olympios, Andreas V. & Sapin, Paul & Yan, Junjie & Markides, Christos N., 2022. "Thermo-economic assessments of pumped-thermal electricity storage systems employing sensible heat storage materials," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 186(C), pages 431-456.
    4. Carro, A. & Chacartegui, R. & Ortiz, C. & Carneiro, J. & Becerra, J.A., 2022. "Integration of energy storage systems based on transcritical CO2: Concept of CO2 based electrothermal energy and geological storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PA).
    5. Blanquiceth, J. & Cardemil, J.M. & Henríquez, M. & Escobar, R., 2023. "Thermodynamic evaluation of a pumped thermal electricity storage system integrated with large-scale thermal power plants," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    6. Ameen, Muhammad Tahir & Ma, Zhiwei & Smallbone, Andrew & Norman, Rose & Roskilly, Anthony Paul, 2023. "Demonstration system of pumped heat energy storage (PHES) and its round-trip efficiency," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 333(C).
    7. Yong, Qingqing & Jin, Kaiyuan & Li, Xiaobo & Yang, Ronggui, 2023. "Thermo-economic analysis for a novel grid-scale pumped thermal electricity storage system coupled with a coal-fired power plant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    8. Marta Muñoz & Antonio Rovira & María José Montes, 2022. "Thermodynamic cycles for solar thermal power plants: A review," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 11(2), March.
    9. Frate, Guido Francesco & Baccioli, Andrea & Bernardini, Leonardo & Ferrari, Lorenzo, 2022. "Assessment of the off-design performance of a solar thermally-integrated pumped-thermal energy storage," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 201(P1), pages 636-650.
    10. Chen, Rui & Romero, Manuel & González-Aguilar, José & Rovense, Francesco & Rao, Zhenghua & Liao, Shengming, 2022. "Optical and thermal integration analysis of supercritical CO2 Brayton cycles with a particle-based solar thermal plant based on annual performance," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 164-179.
    11. Alberto Benato & Francesco De Vanna & Anna Stoppato, 2022. "Levelling the Photovoltaic Power Profile with the Integrated Energy Storage System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-21, December.
    12. Alsagri, Ali Sulaiman, 2023. "An innovative design of solar-assisted carnot battery for multigeneration of power, cooling, and process heating: Techno-economic analysis and optimization," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 375-385.
    13. Emanuele Nadalon & Ronelly De Souza & Melchiorre Casisi & Mauro Reini, 2023. "Part-Load Energy Performance Assessment of a Pumped Thermal Energy Storage System for an Energy Community," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-30, July.
    14. Eppinger, Bernd & Steger, Daniel & Regensburger, Christoph & Karl, Jürgen & Schlücker, Eberhard & Will, Stefan, 2021. "Carnot battery: Simulation and design of a reversible heat pump-organic Rankine cycle pilot plant," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    15. Sebastián, Andrés & Abbas, Rubén & Valdés, Manuel, 2021. "Analytical prediction of Reynolds-number effects on miniaturized centrifugal compressors under off-design conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    16. Josefine Koksharov & Lauritz Zendel & Frank Dammel & Peter Stephan, 2024. "Thermodynamic, Economic and Maturity Analysis of a Carnot Battery with a Two-Zone Water Thermal Energy Storage for Different Working Fluids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-20, January.
    17. Attila R. Imre & Sindu Daniarta & Przemysław Błasiak & Piotr Kolasiński, 2023. "Design, Integration, and Control of Organic Rankine Cycles with Thermal Energy Storage and Two-Phase Expansion System Utilizing Intermittent and Fluctuating Heat Sources—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-25, August.
    18. Chen, Yuzhu & Hu, Xiaojian & Xu, Wentao & Xu, Qiliang & Wang, Jun & Lund, Peter D., 2022. "Multi-objective optimization of a solar-driven trigeneration system considering power-to-heat storage and carbon tax," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
    19. Bernd Eppinger & Mustafa Muradi & Daniel Scharrer & Lars Zigan & Peter Bazan & Reinhard German & Stefan Will, 2021. "Simulation of the Part Load Behavior of Combined Heat Pump-Organic Rankine Cycle Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-18, June.
    20. Matteo Marchionni & Roberto Cipollone, 2023. "Liquid CO 2 and Liquid Air Energy Storage Systems: A Thermodynamic Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-21, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:9:p:3871-:d:1138342. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.