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Carnot battery: Simulation and design of a reversible heat pump-organic Rankine cycle pilot plant

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  • Eppinger, Bernd
  • Steger, Daniel
  • Regensburger, Christoph
  • Karl, Jürgen
  • Schlücker, Eberhard
  • Will, Stefan

Abstract

The steady growing demand of further storage capacity for the compensation of the daily fluctuations of renewable energies in national energy grids requires the development of new scalable energy storages. Pumped Thermal Energy Storages (PTES) like reversible heat pump - organic Rankine cycle systems are a possible candidate for this. In this work, the complete process from initial cycle design and fluid selection to the component selection and CAD work of the demonstrator is shown. For the simulation of the cycles, a stationary Matlab model was used. A screening of various suitable fluids was performed and four promising fluids were selected for further investigation. Out of these four fluids, R1233zd(E) was selected as final candidate for the demonstrator. The simulated power-to-power efficiency (ηP2P) of the system reaches up to 59% for the design case. With the simulated data, the apparatus selection was performed and a CAD model was developed to build the demonstrator as a laboratory scale plant with 14.7 kW electrical compressor power.

Suggested Citation

  • Eppinger, Bernd & Steger, Daniel & Regensburger, Christoph & Karl, Jürgen & Schlücker, Eberhard & Will, Stefan, 2021. "Carnot battery: Simulation and design of a reversible heat pump-organic Rankine cycle pilot plant," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:288:y:2021:i:c:s0306261921001835
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116650
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    2. Carro, A. & Chacartegui, R. & Ortiz, C. & Carneiro, J. & Becerra, J.A., 2022. "Integration of energy storage systems based on transcritical CO2: Concept of CO2 based electrothermal energy and geological storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PA).
    3. José Ignacio Linares & Arturo Martín-Colino & Eva Arenas & María José Montes & Alexis Cantizano & José Rubén Pérez-Domínguez, 2023. "Carnot Battery Based on Brayton Supercritical CO 2 Thermal Machines Using Concentrated Solar Thermal Energy as a Low-Temperature Source," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-24, May.
    4. Canpolat Tosun, Demet & Açıkkalp, Emin & Altuntas, Onder & Hepbasli, Arif & Palmero-Marrero, Ana I. & Borge-Diez, David, 2023. "Dynamic performance and sustainability assessment of a PV driven Carnot battery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    5. Alsagri, Ali Sulaiman, 2023. "An innovative design of solar-assisted carnot battery for multigeneration of power, cooling, and process heating: Techno-economic analysis and optimization," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C), pages 375-385.
    6. Weitzer, Maximilian & Müller, Dominik & Karl, Jürgen, 2022. "Two-phase expansion processes in heat pump – ORC systems (Carnot batteries) with volumetric machines for enhanced off-design efficiency," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 720-732.
    7. Josefine Koksharov & Lauritz Zendel & Frank Dammel & Peter Stephan, 2024. "Thermodynamic, Economic and Maturity Analysis of a Carnot Battery with a Two-Zone Water Thermal Energy Storage for Different Working Fluids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-20, January.
    8. Bernd Eppinger & Mustafa Muradi & Daniel Scharrer & Lars Zigan & Peter Bazan & Reinhard German & Stefan Will, 2021. "Simulation of the Part Load Behavior of Combined Heat Pump-Organic Rankine Cycle Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-18, June.
    9. Attila R. Imre & Sindu Daniarta & Przemysław Błasiak & Piotr Kolasiński, 2023. "Design, Integration, and Control of Organic Rankine Cycles with Thermal Energy Storage and Two-Phase Expansion System Utilizing Intermittent and Fluctuating Heat Sources—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-25, August.
    10. Daniarta, Sindu & Nemś, Magdalena & Kolasiński, Piotr, 2023. "A review on thermal energy storage applicable for low- and medium-temperature organic Rankine cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(PA).

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