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International comparisons of energy efficiency in power, steel, and cement industries

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  • Oda, Junichiro
  • Akimoto, Keigo
  • Tomoda, Toshimasa
  • Nagashima, Miyuki
  • Wada, Kenichi
  • Sano, Fuminori

Abstract

Industrial energy efficiency is of paramount importance both for conserving energy resources and reducing CO2 emissions. In this paper, we compare specific energy consumption among countries in fossil power generation, steel, and cement sectors. The evaluations were conducted using common system boundaries, allocation, and calculation methods. In addition, we disaggregate within sectors, such as with blast furnace–basic oxygen furnace (BF–BOF) steel and scrap-based electric arc furnace (Scrap-EAF) steel. The results reveal that characteristics vary by sub-sector. Regional differences in specific energy consumption are relatively large in the power, BF–BOF steel, and cement sectors. For coal power generation and BF–BOF steel production, continual maintenance and rehabilitation are of key importance. We confirm these key factors identified in the previous work on our estimated numerical values. In BF–BOF steel production, corrections for hot metal ratios (pig iron production per unit of BOF crude steel production) and quality of raw materials have a large effect on the apparent specific energy consumption. Available data is not yet sufficient for straightforward evaluation of the steel and cement sectors.

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  • Oda, Junichiro & Akimoto, Keigo & Tomoda, Toshimasa & Nagashima, Miyuki & Wada, Kenichi & Sano, Fuminori, 2012. "International comparisons of energy efficiency in power, steel, and cement industries," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 118-129.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:44:y:2012:i:c:p:118-129
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2012.01.024
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    18. Bożena Gajdzik & Włodzimierz Sroka & Jolita Vveinhardt, 2021. "Energy Intensity of Steel Manufactured Utilising EAF Technology as a Function of Investments Made: The Case of the Steel Industry in Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-17, August.
    19. Fernández, David & Pozo, Carlos & Folgado, Rubén & Jiménez, Laureano & Guillén-Gosálbez, Gonzalo, 2018. "Productivity and energy efficiency assessment of existing industrial gases facilities via data envelopment analysis and the Malmquist index," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 1563-1577.
    20. Tian, Sicong & Li, Kaimin & Jiang, Jianguo & Chen, Xuejing & Yan, Feng, 2016. "CO2 abatement from the iron and steel industry using a combined Ca–Fe chemical loop," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 345-352.
    21. Wang, Peng & Zhao, Shen & Dai, Tao & Peng, Kun & Zhang, Qi & Li, Jiashuo & Chen, Wei-Qiang, 2022. "Regional disparities in steel production and restrictions to progress on global decarbonization: A cross-national analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    22. Sano, Fuminori & Wada, Kenichi & Akimoto, Keigo & Oda, Junichiro, 2015. "Assessments of GHG emission reduction scenarios of different levels and different short-term pledges through macro- and sectoral decomposition analyses," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 90(PA), pages 153-165.
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