Spatial evaluation of multidimensional energy poverty between farming and non-farming communities of agro-climatic zones of Pakistan

The current study aims to investigate the most pivotal social predicament of energy poverty in multiple attributes between farming and non-farming communities of agro-climatic zones of Pakistan. To highlight outcomes empirically, unanimously accredited Alkire and Foster's (2008) indexing methodology and well-organized cross-sectional data of PSLM of the last decade have been used. An assessment of the study reveals that multidimensional energy poverty is purely a farming phenomenon for agro-climatic zones of Pakistan. However, the time-variant situation evaluates that in the smaller (longer) frame of time, energy poverty presents a hybrid (increasing) trend between both discussed communities and across all the agro-climatic zones except cotton-wheat Sindh. Moreover, a relative change in energy poverty shows that in non-farming communities, the declining rate of energy poverty has been immensely satisfying for the last decade. Sustainable Development Goal of complete energy poverty reduction under similar circumstances can easily be achieved by 2030, while contrarily in farming communities, still quicker development in most of the energy services, like provision of gas and electricity, access to most of the households at their doorsteps on inexpensive rate, and creating awareness to the use of modern energy gadgets are required to achieve SDG in given in due time.