How supply chain and digitalization are significant contributors to international trade? The role of renewable and energy intensity in global trade powerhouses' economies

As technology advances rapidly and environmental awareness grows, it is essential to understand the dynamics of international trade among global trade powerhouses. This study fills the gap in the literature to examine how supply chain, digital technology, renewable energy consumption, energy intensity, and S&P global equity indices influence trade in the international trade powerhouse. The current study employed the Method of Moment Quantile Regression (MMQR) and Dimitrescu Causality Test, utilizing data from 2000 to 2022. The findings indicate that the supply chain and renewable energy negatively impact international trade. Digitalization initially shows an insignificant negative effect at the lower quantile, but it demonstrates a positive relationship with global trade at medium and higher quantiles. Energy intensity has an insignificant and positive impact on trade at the lower and medium quantiles, while at the higher quantile, it shows a positive and significant impact on trade. Lastly, the S&P Global stock exhibits a positive and significant impact at the medium and higher quantiles. These insights present practical policy recommendations to improve digital connectivity and integrate energy conservation to foster sustainable economic development and stable globalization relationships about the sustainable development goals (SDGs 17&8).