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Unreliable firms: Evidence from Rwanda

Author

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  • Nigam, Vishan Gandhi
  • Tan, Brandon Joel

Abstract

This paper measures reliability – whether firms execute transactions on-schedule – for the universe of Rwandan formal firms using transaction timing data and describes the characteristics of reliable firms. Reliable firms have larger interfirm sales, export more, supply exporters and multinationals, and transact with other reliable firms. Reliable firms are less sensitive to supply chain disruptions. Supplying an MNC increases seller reliability even when servicing non-MNC buyers.

Suggested Citation

  • Nigam, Vishan Gandhi & Tan, Brandon Joel, 2026. "Unreliable firms: Evidence from Rwanda," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 179(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:deveco:v:179:y:2026:i:c:s0304387825001622
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2025.103611
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    JEL classification:

    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • O12 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Microeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology

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