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Understanding violence and developing resilience with African American youth in high-poverty, high-crime communities

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Listed:
  • McCrea, Katherine Tyson
  • Richards, Maryse
  • Quimby, Dakari
  • Scott, Darrick
  • Davis, Lauren
  • Hart, Sotonye
  • Thomas, Andre
  • Hopson, Symora

Abstract

The scourge of community violence that besets young citizens in high-poverty U.S. communities of color is a compelling social problem to address. This article synthesizes studies of causes and preventive services for youth violence, including randomized controlled experiments and theoretical, case study contributions. Available evidence indicates that causes of youth violence are complex and interact across multiple layers of social systems. Accordingly, single-factor programs and policies developed for other populations tend to be ineffective for addressing the many injustices with which youth in high-poverty, high-crime communities of color contend. Therefore, we develop a perspective that is developmental, multi-systemic, and restorative of youths' dignity. Responding to researchers' calls for more contextually-grounded case studies of causes and remedies for youth violence, this article focuses on Chicago, where street violence rates in some communities are among the highest in the world and have increased in the last several years.

Suggested Citation

  • McCrea, Katherine Tyson & Richards, Maryse & Quimby, Dakari & Scott, Darrick & Davis, Lauren & Hart, Sotonye & Thomas, Andre & Hopson, Symora, 2019. "Understanding violence and developing resilience with African American youth in high-poverty, high-crime communities," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 296-307.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:cysrev:v:99:y:2019:i:c:p:296-307
    DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.12.018
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Masi, Christopher M. & Hawkley, Louise C. & Harry Piotrowski, Z. & Pickett, Kate E., 2007. "Neighborhood economic disadvantage, violent crime, group density, and pregnancy outcomes in a diverse, urban population," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 65(12), pages 2440-2457, December.
    2. Sara B. Heller & Anuj K. Shah & Jonathan Guryan & Jens Ludwig & Sendhil Mullainathan & Harold A. Pollack, 2017. "Thinking, Fast and Slow? Some Field Experiments to Reduce Crime and Dropout in Chicago," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 132(1), pages 1-54.
    3. Stepleton, Kate & Bosk, Emily Adlin & Duron, Jacquelynn F. & Greenfield, Brett & Ocasio, Kerrie & MacKenzie, Michael J., 2018. "Exploring associations between maternal adverse childhood experiences and child behavior," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 80-87.
    4. Papachristos, Andrew V. & Wildeman, Christopher & Roberto, Elizabeth, 2015. "Tragic, but not random: The social contagion of nonfatal gunshot injuries," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 125(C), pages 139-150.
    5. Lindsey, Duncan & Klein Martin, Sacha, 2003. "Deepening Child Poverty: The Not So Good News about Welfare Reform," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 25(1-2), pages 165-173.
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    7. Zolkoski, Staci M. & Bullock, Lyndal M., 2012. "Resilience in children and youth: A review," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 34(12), pages 2295-2303.
    8. Bringewatt, Elizabeth H. & Gershoff, Elizabeth T., 2010. "Falling through the cracks: Gaps and barriers in the mental health system for America's disadvantaged children," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 32(10), pages 1291-1299, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jun Sung Hong & Saijun Zhang & Rachel C. Garthe & Megan R. Hicks & Ellen W. deLara & Dexter R. Voisin, 2021. "Motivation to Move Out of the Community as a Moderator of Bullying Victimization and Delinquent Behavior: Comparing Non-Heterosexual/Cisgender and Heterosexual African American Adolescents in Chicago’," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-14, December.
    2. Tyson McCrea, Katherine & Wilkins, Kaleigh V. & Richards, Maryse & “Cynthia” Onyeka, Ogechi & Miller, Kevin M. & DiClemente, Cara & Moore, Amzie & Watson, Heather L. & Gillis-Harry, Kassie & Jenkins, , 2024. "“We got to stand up and speak”: Youth in high-poverty, high-crime urban communities of color reflect on their cross-age mentoring program," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 163(C).
    3. Wendy Arhuis-Inca & Miguel Ipanaqué-Zapata & Janina Bazalar-Palacios & Jorge Gaete, 2022. "Space Analysis of School Violence in the Educational Setting of Peru, 2019," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-13, November.
    4. Wathen, Maria V. & Decker, Patrick L.F. & Richards, Maryse H. & Tyson McCrea, Katherine & Onyeka, Cynthia & Weishar, Charity N. & DiClemente, Cara & Donnelly, Will, 2021. "Towards improving engagement of youth of color in cross-age mentoring programs in high poverty, high crime neighborhoods," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).

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