IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v251y2019ic24.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Efficient fuel economy strategies for the Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Systems under variable renewable/load power profile

Author

Listed:
  • Bizon, Nicu

Abstract

The adaptive energy management strategies proposed in this paper are based on a 2-dimensional (2D) optimization function designed for fuel economy of the fuel cell hybrid power system operating under the variable power profiles of renewable energy sources and loads, which will define the dynamic power profile on the DC bus. The power-following control is designed to mitigate the variability of the DC power based on the DC power flow balance, so the energy management unit generates the power-following reference and two other references for searching the optimum, which are used to control the inputs for the boost power converter and for the air and fuel regulators. All three energy management 2D strategies obtained by selecting the mentioned references to the controlled inputs of the fuel cell system are analyzed and compared with the types 1D and other reference strategies reported in literature using the fuel economy as a performance indicator. For example, the fuel economy for a 6 kW load cycle is of 42 and 18 L for the strategies 2D-RTO1 and 2D-RTO2 compared to the benchmark strategy based on static feed-forward control.

Suggested Citation

  • Bizon, Nicu, 2019. "Efficient fuel economy strategies for the Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Systems under variable renewable/load power profile," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:251:y:2019:i:c:24
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113400
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261919310748
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113400?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Meyar-Naimi, H. & Vaez-Zadeh, S., 2012. "Sustainable development based energy policy making frameworks, a critical review," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 351-361.
    2. Castaings, Ali & Lhomme, Walter & Trigui, Rochdi & Bouscayrol, Alain, 2016. "Comparison of energy management strategies of a battery/supercapacitors system for electric vehicle under real-time constraints," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 190-200.
    3. Bizon, N., 2011. "Nonlinear control of fuel cell hybrid power sources: Part I - Voltage control," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(7), pages 2559-2573, July.
    4. Nicu Bizon & Mihai Oproescu, 2018. "Experimental Comparison of Three Real-Time Optimization Strategies Applied to Renewable/FC-Based Hybrid Power Systems Based on Load-Following Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-32, December.
    5. Bizon, Nicu & Thounthong, Phatiphat, 2018. "Real-time strategies to optimize the fueling of the fuel cell hybrid power source: A review of issues, challenges and a new approach," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 1089-1102.
    6. Sulaiman, N. & Hannan, M.A. & Mohamed, A. & Ker, P.J. & Majlan, E.H. & Wan Daud, W.R., 2018. "Optimization of energy management system for fuel-cell hybrid electric vehicles: Issues and recommendations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C), pages 2061-2079.
    7. Ettihir, K. & Boulon, L. & Agbossou, K., 2016. "Optimization-based energy management strategy for a fuel cell/battery hybrid power system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 142-153.
    8. Cai, Y. & Ouyang, M.G. & Yang, F., 2017. "Impact of power split configurations on fuel consumption and battery degradation in plug-in hybrid electric city buses," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 257-269.
    9. Bizon, Nicu, 2014. "Tracking the maximum efficiency point for the FC system based on extremum seeking scheme to control the air flow," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 147-157.
    10. Magnus Hedlund & Johan Lundin & Juan De Santiago & Johan Abrahamsson & Hans Bernhoff, 2015. "Flywheel Energy Storage for Automotive Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(10), pages 1-28, September.
    11. Eriksson, E.L.V. & Gray, E.MacA., 2017. "Optimization and integration of hybrid renewable energy hydrogen fuel cell energy systems – A critical review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 348-364.
    12. Fathabadi, Hassan, 2018. "Novel fuel cell/battery/supercapacitor hybrid power source for fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 467-477.
    13. Bizon, Nicu, 2018. "Effective mitigation of the load pulses by controlling the battery/SMES hybrid energy storage system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C), pages 459-473.
    14. Li, Xunming & Han, Lijin & Liu, Hui & Wang, Weida & Xiang, Changle, 2019. "Real-time optimal energy management strategy for a dual-mode power-split hybrid electric vehicle based on an explicit model predictive control algorithm," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 1161-1178.
    15. Ramos-Paja, Carlos Andrés & Spagnuolo, Giovanni & Petrone, Giovanni & Mamarelis, Emilio, 2014. "A perturbation strategy for fuel consumption minimization in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: Analysis, Design and FPGA implementation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 21-32.
    16. Wieczorek, Maciej & Lewandowski, Mirosław, 2017. "A mathematical representation of an energy management strategy for hybrid energy storage system in electric vehicle and real time optimization using a genetic algorithm," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 222-233.
    17. Turkmen, Anil Can & Solmaz, Salim & Celik, Cenk, 2017. "Analysis of fuel cell vehicles with advisor software," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 1066-1071.
    18. Peng, Jiankun & He, Hongwen & Xiong, Rui, 2017. "Rule based energy management strategy for a series–parallel plug-in hybrid electric bus optimized by dynamic programming," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P2), pages 1633-1643.
    19. Bizon, N., 2011. "Nonlinear control of fuel cell hybrid power sources: Part II - Current control," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(7), pages 2574-2591, July.
    20. Bizon, Nicu, 2017. "Energy optimization of fuel cell system by using global extremum seeking algorithm," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 458-474.
    21. Bizon, Nicu, 2019. "Real-time optimization strategies of Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Systems based on Load-following control: A new strategy, and a comparative study of topologies and fuel economy obtained," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 241(C), pages 444-460.
    22. Wang, Hong & Huang, Yanjun & Khajepour, Amir & Song, Qiang, 2016. "Model predictive control-based energy management strategy for a series hybrid electric tracked vehicle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 182(C), pages 105-114.
    23. Guney, Mukrimin Sevket & Tepe, Yalcin, 2017. "Classification and assessment of energy storage systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 1187-1197.
    24. Daud, W.R.W. & Rosli, R.E. & Majlan, E.H. & Hamid, S.A.A. & Mohamed, R. & Husaini, T., 2017. "PEM fuel cell system control: A review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 620-638.
    25. Bizon, Nicu & Radut, Marin & Oproescu, Mihai, 2015. "Energy control strategies for the Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Source under unknown load profile," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 31-41.
    26. Olatomiwa, Lanre & Mekhilef, Saad & Ismail, M.S. & Moghavvemi, M., 2016. "Energy management strategies in hybrid renewable energy systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 821-835.
    27. Das, Vipin & Padmanaban, Sanjeevikumar & Venkitusamy, Karthikeyan & Selvamuthukumaran, Rajasekar & Blaabjerg, Frede & Siano, Pierluigi, 2017. "Recent advances and challenges of fuel cell based power system architectures and control – A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 10-18.
    28. Chen, Scarlett & Kumar, Anikesh & Wong, Wee Chin & Chiu, Min-Sen & Wang, Xiaonan, 2019. "Hydrogen value chain and fuel cells within hybrid renewable energy systems: Advanced operation and control strategies," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233, pages 321-337.
    29. Álvarez Fernández, Roberto & Corbera Caraballo, Sergio & Beltrán Cilleruelo, Fernando & Lozano, J. Antonio, 2018. "Fuel optimization strategy for hydrogen fuel cell range extender vehicles applying genetic algorithms," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 81(P1), pages 655-668.
    30. Luo, Xing & Wang, Jihong & Dooner, Mark & Clarke, Jonathan, 2015. "Overview of current development in electrical energy storage technologies and the application potential in power system operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 511-536.
    31. Chauhan, Anurag & Saini, R.P., 2014. "A review on Integrated Renewable Energy System based power generation for stand-alone applications: Configurations, storage options, sizing methodologies and control," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 99-120.
    32. Ciri, Umberto & Rotea, Mario A. & Leonardi, Stefano, 2017. "Model-free control of wind farms: A comparative study between individual and coordinated extremum seeking," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1033-1045.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Raluca-Andreea Felseghi & Ioan Așchilean & Nicoleta Cobîrzan & Andrei Mircea Bolboacă & Maria Simona Raboaca, 2021. "Optimal Synergy between Photovoltaic Panels and Hydrogen Fuel Cells for Green Power Supply of a Green Building—A Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-20, June.
    2. Liu, Hongxiang & Han, Ling & Cao, Yue, 2020. "Improving transmission efficiency and reducing energy consumption with automotive continuously variable transmission: A model prediction comprehensive optimization approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 274(C).
    3. Nicu Bizon & Mircea Raceanu & Emmanouel Koudoumas & Adriana Marinoiu & Emmanuel Karapidakis & Elena Carcadea, 2020. "Renewable/Fuel Cell Hybrid Power System Operation Using Two Search Controllers of the Optimal Power Needed on the DC Bus," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-26, November.
    4. Fathy, Ahmed & Yousri, Dalia & Alanazi, Turki & Rezk, Hegazy, 2021. "Minimum hydrogen consumption based control strategy of fuel cell/PV/battery/supercapacitor hybrid system using recent approach based parasitism-predation algorithm," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C).
    5. Li, Qi & Wang, Tianhong & Li, Shihan & Chen, Weirong & Liu, Hong & Breaz, Elena & Gao, Fei, 2021. "Online extremum seeking-based optimized energy management strategy for hybrid electric tram considering fuel cell degradation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    6. Nicu Bizon & Phatiphat Thounthong, 2020. "Energy Efficiency and Fuel Economy of a Fuel Cell/Renewable Energy Sources Hybrid Power System with the Load-Following Control of the Fueling Regulators," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-22, January.
    7. Sanghyun Yun & Jinwon Yun & Jaeyoung Han, 2023. "Development of a 470-Horsepower Fuel Cell–Battery Hybrid Xcient Dynamic Model Using Simscape TM," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-22, December.
    8. Nicu Bizon & Alin Gheorghita Mazare & Laurentiu Mihai Ionescu & Phatiphat Thounthong & Erol Kurt & Mihai Oproescu & Gheorghe Serban & Ioan Lita, 2019. "Better Fuel Economy by Optimizing Airflow of the Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Systems Using Fuel Flow-Based Load-Following Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-17, July.
    9. Nicu Bizon & Phatiphat Thounthong, 2021. "A Simple and Safe Strategy for Improving the Fuel Economy of a Fuel Cell Vehicle," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-29, March.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Bizon, Nicu, 2019. "Real-time optimization strategies of Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Systems based on Load-following control: A new strategy, and a comparative study of topologies and fuel economy obtained," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 241(C), pages 444-460.
    2. Nicu Bizon & Mihai Oproescu, 2018. "Experimental Comparison of Three Real-Time Optimization Strategies Applied to Renewable/FC-Based Hybrid Power Systems Based on Load-Following Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-32, December.
    3. Bizon, Nicu & Thounthong, Phatiphat, 2018. "Real-time strategies to optimize the fueling of the fuel cell hybrid power source: A review of issues, challenges and a new approach," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 1089-1102.
    4. Bizon, Nicu, 2019. "Fuel saving strategy using real-time switching of the fueling regulators in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C), pages 1-1.
    5. Nicu Bizon & Phatiphat Thounthong, 2021. "A Simple and Safe Strategy for Improving the Fuel Economy of a Fuel Cell Vehicle," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-29, March.
    6. Bizon, Nicu, 2017. "Energy optimization of fuel cell system by using global extremum seeking algorithm," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 458-474.
    7. Bizon, Nicu, 2019. "Hybrid power sources (HPSs) for space applications: Analysis of PEMFC/Battery/SMES HPS under unknown load containing pulses," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 14-37.
    8. Nicu Bizon & Valentin Alexandru Stan & Angel Ciprian Cormos, 2019. "Optimization of the Fuel Cell Renewable Hybrid Power System Using the Control Mode of the Required Load Power on the DC Bus," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-15, May.
    9. Ioan-Sorin Sorlei & Nicu Bizon & Phatiphat Thounthong & Mihai Varlam & Elena Carcadea & Mihai Culcer & Mariana Iliescu & Mircea Raceanu, 2021. "Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles—A Brief Review of Current Topologies and Energy Management Strategies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-29, January.
    10. Bizon, Nicu, 2018. "Effective mitigation of the load pulses by controlling the battery/SMES hybrid energy storage system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C), pages 459-473.
    11. Nicu Bizon & Alin Gheorghita Mazare & Laurentiu Mihai Ionescu & Phatiphat Thounthong & Erol Kurt & Mihai Oproescu & Gheorghe Serban & Ioan Lita, 2019. "Better Fuel Economy by Optimizing Airflow of the Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Systems Using Fuel Flow-Based Load-Following Control," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(14), pages 1-17, July.
    12. Nicu Bizon & Mircea Raceanu & Emmanouel Koudoumas & Adriana Marinoiu & Emmanuel Karapidakis & Elena Carcadea, 2020. "Renewable/Fuel Cell Hybrid Power System Operation Using Two Search Controllers of the Optimal Power Needed on the DC Bus," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-26, November.
    13. Balali, Yasaman & Stegen, Sascha, 2021. "Review of energy storage systems for vehicles based on technology, environmental impacts, and costs," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    14. Hou, Junbo & Yang, Min & Ke, Changchun & Zhang, Junliang, 2020. "Control logics and strategies for air supply in PEM fuel cell engines," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    15. Sun, Zhendong & Wang, Yujie & Chen, Zonghai & Li, Xiyun, 2020. "Min-max game based energy management strategy for fuel cell/supercapacitor hybrid electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 267(C).
    16. Nyong-Bassey, Bassey Etim & Giaouris, Damian & Patsios, Charalampos & Papadopoulou, Simira & Papadopoulos, Athanasios I. & Walker, Sara & Voutetakis, Spyros & Seferlis, Panos & Gadoue, Shady, 2020. "Reinforcement learning based adaptive power pinch analysis for energy management of stand-alone hybrid energy storage systems considering uncertainty," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    17. Xiong, Rui & Duan, Yanzhou & Cao, Jiayi & Yu, Quanqing, 2018. "Battery and ultracapacitor in-the-loop approach to validate a real-time power management method for an all-climate electric vehicle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 153-165.
    18. Ceran, Bartosz, 2019. "The concept of use of PV/WT/FC hybrid power generation system for smoothing the energy profile of the consumer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 853-865.
    19. Laura Canale & Anna Rita Di Fazio & Mario Russo & Andrea Frattolillo & Marco Dell’Isola, 2021. "An Overview on Functional Integration of Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems in Multi-Energy Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-33, February.
    20. Zhu, Tao & Wills, Richard G.A. & Lot, Roberto & Ruan, Haijun & Jiang, Zhihao, 2021. "Adaptive energy management of a battery-supercapacitor energy storage system for electric vehicles based on flexible perception and neural network fitting," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:251:y:2019:i:c:24. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.