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Renewable/Fuel Cell Hybrid Power System Operation Using Two Search Controllers of the Optimal Power Needed on the DC Bus

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  • Nicu Bizon

    (Faculty of Electronics, Communication and Computers, University of Pitesti, 110040 Pitesti, Romania
    ICSI Energy, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania
    Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology, Doctoral School, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei Street no. 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania)

  • Mircea Raceanu

    (ICSI Energy, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania
    Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology, Doctoral School, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei Street no. 313, 060042 Bucharest, Romania)

  • Emmanouel Koudoumas

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, GR-71004 Heraklion, Greece)

  • Adriana Marinoiu

    (ICSI Energy, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania)

  • Emmanuel Karapidakis

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Hellenic Mediterranean University, GR-71004 Heraklion, Greece)

  • Elena Carcadea

    (ICSI Energy, National Research and Development Institute for Cryogenic and Isotopic Technologies, 240050 Ramnicu Valcea, Romania)

Abstract

In this paper, the optimal and safe operation of a hybrid power system based on a fuel cell system and renewable energy sources is analyzed. The needed DC power resulting from the power flow balance on the DC bus is ensured by the FC system via the air regulator or the fuel regulator controlled by the power-tracking control reference or both regulators using a switched mode of the above-mentioned reference. The optimal operation of a fuel cell system is ensured by a search for the maximum of multicriteria-based optimization functions focused on fuel economy under perturbation, such as variable renewable energy and dynamic load on the DC bus. Two search controllers based on the global extremum seeking scheme are involved in this search via the remaining fueling regulator and the boost DC–DC converter. Thus, the fuel economy strategies based on the control of the air regulator and the fuel regulator, respectively, on the control of both fueling regulators are analyzed in this study. The fuel savings compared to fuel consumed using the static feed-forward control are 6.63%, 4.36% and 13.72%, respectively, under dynamic load but without renewable power. With renewable power, the needed fuel cell power on the DC bus is lower, so the fuel cell system operates more efficiently. These percentages are increased to 7.28%, 4.94% and 14.97%.

Suggested Citation

  • Nicu Bizon & Mircea Raceanu & Emmanouel Koudoumas & Adriana Marinoiu & Emmanuel Karapidakis & Elena Carcadea, 2020. "Renewable/Fuel Cell Hybrid Power System Operation Using Two Search Controllers of the Optimal Power Needed on the DC Bus," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-26, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:22:p:6111-:d:448973
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shantanu Pardhi & Sajib Chakraborty & Dai-Duong Tran & Mohamed El Baghdadi & Steven Wilkins & Omar Hegazy, 2022. "A Review of Fuel Cell Powertrains for Long-Haul Heavy-Duty Vehicles: Technology, Hydrogen, Energy and Thermal Management Solutions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-55, December.
    2. Murali Krishna Gude & Umme Salma, 2022. "A novel approach of PSS optimal parameter tuning in a multi-area power system using hybrid butterfly optimization algorithm- particle swarm optimization," International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, Springer;The Society for Reliability, Engineering Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM),India, and Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden, vol. 13(5), pages 2619-2628, October.
    3. Khlid Ben Hamad & Doudou N. Luta & Atanda K. Raji, 2021. "A Grid-Tied Fuel Cell Multilevel Inverter with Low Harmonic Distortions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-24, January.
    4. Marcin Dębowski & Magda Dudek & Marcin Zieliński & Anna Nowicka & Joanna Kazimierowicz, 2021. "Microalgal Hydrogen Production in Relation to Other Biomass-Based Technologies—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-27, September.

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