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Alternative Beschäftigungsformen in Deutschland: Effekte der Neuregelung von Zeitarbeit, Minijobs und Midijobs

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  • Michael Fertig
  • Jochen Kluve

Abstract

This paper investigates alternative types of employment introduced or changed by the latest labor market reforms in Germany ("Hartz-reforms"). Specifically, we investigate whether and to which extent the reform of temporary work and the reduction of social security contributions for socalled Mini- and Midijobs impinge upon the economy-wide level and structure of these jobs. Our econometric results suggest that all three employment types increased due to the reforms. The largest effect can be observed for Minijobs. Furthermore, different surveys among firms, workers in Midijobs, labor agencies and others indicate rather modest effects on unemployment for all types of alternative employment. Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Effekte der im Rahmen der Hartz-Reformen vorgenommenen Neuregelungen der Arbeitnehmerüberlassung und der geringfügigen Beschäftigung. Der Fokus liegt hierbei jeweils auf den Wirkungen auf die gesamtwirtschaftliche Anzahl und Struktur der Beschäftigung in Zeitarbeit, Minijobs und Midijobs. Für alle drei Beschäftigungsformen zeigen die ökonometrischen Analysen positive Effekte im Sinne der Reformen, d.h. eine Ausweitung der Beschäftigung, die für Minijobs sehr umfangreich, für Zeitarbeit und Midijobs eher moderat ausfällt. Vorläufige Ergebnisse aus Implementationsanalysen und Befragungen ergeben allerdings, dass "Klebeeffekte" der Zeitarbeit und eine "Brückenfunktion" der Minijobs kaum festzustellen sind, während Midijobs unter Umständen eine "Brücke" in voll sozialversicherungspflichtige Beschäftigung sein könnten.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Fertig & Jochen Kluve, 2006. "Alternative Beschäftigungsformen in Deutschland: Effekte der Neuregelung von Zeitarbeit, Minijobs und Midijobs," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 75(3), pages 97-117.
    • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:75-3-7
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.75.3.97
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jochen Kluve & Lena Jacobi, 2006. "Before and After the Hartz Reforms: The Performance of Active Labour Market Policy in Germany," RWI Discussion Papers 0041, Rheinisch-Westfälisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung.
    2. Jacobi, Lena & Kluve, Jochen, 2007. "Before and after the Hartz reforms: The performance of active labour market policy in Germany," Zeitschrift für ArbeitsmarktForschung - Journal for Labour Market Research, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany], vol. 40(1), pages 45-64.
    3. Vitols, Katrin, 2003. "Die Regulierung der Zeitarbeit in Deutschland: Vom Sonderfall zur Normalbranche," Duisburger Beiträge zur soziologischen Forschung 5/2003, University of Duisburg-Essen, Institute of Sociology.
    4. Jacobi, Lena & Kluve, Jochen, 2006. "Before and After the Hartz Reforms: The Performance of Active Labour Market Policy in Germany," IZA Discussion Papers 2100, IZA Network @ LISER.
    5. Jacobi, Lena & Kluve, Jochen, 2006. "Before and After the Hartz Reforms: The Performance of Active Labour Market Policy in Germany," RWI Discussion Papers 41, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung.
    6. Fuest, Clemens & Huber, Bernd, 1998. "Eine beschäftigungsfreundliche Reform der 620-DM-Arbeitsverhältnisse," Wirtschaftsdienst – Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftspolitik (1949 - 2007), ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 78(11), pages 645-651.
    7. Michael Fertig & Jochen Kluve & Christoph M. Schmidt, 2006. "Der erweiterte Minijob für Arbeitslose – Ein Reformvorschlag," Perspektiven der Wirtschaftspolitik, Verein für Socialpolitik, vol. 7(2), pages 227-255, May.
    8. Fertig, Michael & Kluve, Jochen & Scheuer, Markus, 2005. "Was hat die Reform der Minijobs bewirkt? Erfahrungen nach einem Jahr," RWI Schriften, RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, volume 77, number 77.
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