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Commercial Agriculture in Metropolitan Areas: Economics and Regulatory Issues

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  • Gardner, Bruce L.

Abstract

Metropolitan agriculture is economically important, especially in the Northeast. While faced with substantial economic and regulatory obstacles, commercial farming in urban areas is surviving and even prospering. In terms of standard models of agriculture in economic development, this is a puzzle. But more detailed, spatial economic models indicate how labor-intensive production of perishable commodities in urbanized areas can make economic sense, especially when coupled with environmental amenities that farming generates for nonfarm people. At the same time, environmental disamenities of agriculture are larger in densely populated areas. The political economy outcomes have tended to be favorable to continued farming, albeit with increased regulation. Nonetheless, many questions remain about the dynamics of agricultural adjustment to urbanization, and the possible steady-state mix of farm and nonfarm activities.

Suggested Citation

  • Gardner, Bruce L., 1994. "Commercial Agriculture in Metropolitan Areas: Economics and Regulatory Issues," Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 23(1), pages 100-109, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:agrerw:v:23:y:1994:i:01:p:100-109_00
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    1. Pölling, Bernd & Sroka, Wojciech & Mergenthaler, Marcus, 2017. "Success of urban farming’s city-adjustments and business models—Findings from a survey among farmers in Ruhr Metropolis, Germany," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 372-385.
    2. Lynch, Lori & Duke, Joshua M., 2007. "Economic Benefits of Farmland Preservation: Evidence from the United States," Working Papers 7342, University of Maryland, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics.
    3. Lopez, Rigoberto A. & Altobello, Marilyn A. & Shah, Farhed A., 1994. "Amenity Benefits and Public Policy: An Application to the Connecticut Dairy Sector," Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 26(2), pages 485-496, December.
    4. Brinkley, Catherine, 2018. "High rugosity cities: The geographic, economic and regulatory pathology of America’s most non-concentric urban areas," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 215-224.
    5. Walid Oueslati & Julien Salanié & JunJie Wu, 2014. "Urbanization and Agricultural Structural Adjustments: Some Lessons from European Cities," Working Papers 1442, Groupe d'Analyse et de Théorie Economique Lyon St-Etienne (GATE Lyon St-Etienne), Université de Lyon.
    6. Neda Tiraieyari & Roya Karami & Robert M. Ricard & Mohammad Badsar, 2019. "Influences on the Implementation of Community Urban Agriculture: Insights from Agricultural Professionals," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-18, March.
    7. JunJie Wu & Monica Fisher & Unai Pascual, 2011. "Urbanization and the Viability of Local Agricultural Economies," Land Economics, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 87(1), pages 109-125.
    8. Smith, Katherine Reichelderfer, 1994. "Agroenvironmental Economic Research for the 21st Century: Anticipating and Responding to Change," Agricultural and Resource Economics Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 23(2), pages 111-119, October.
    9. Chad Lawley, 2021. "Hog Barns and Neighboring House Prices: Anticipation and Post‐Establishment Impacts," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 103(3), pages 1099-1121, May.
    10. Xiangping Liu & Lori Lynch, 2011. "Do Agricultural Land Preservation Programs Reduce Farmland Loss? Evidence from a Propensity Score Matching Estimator," Land Economics, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 87(2), pages 183-201.
    11. Lynch, Lori & Carpenter, Janet, 2002. "Does The Farm Sector Have A Critical Mass?," Working Papers 28552, University of Maryland, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics.
    12. Joshua Duke & Lori Lynch, 2007. "Gauging support for innovative farmland preservation techniques," Policy Sciences, Springer;Society of Policy Sciences, vol. 40(2), pages 123-155, June.
    13. Matchaya, Greenwell & Nhamo, Luxon & Nhlengethwa, Sibusiso & Nhemachena, Charles, 2019. "An overview of water markets in southern Africa: an option for water management in times of scarcity," Papers published in Journals (Open Access), International Water Management Institute, pages 11(5):1-16..
    14. Lynch, Lori, 2003. "Do Agricultural Preservation Programs And Preferential Property Tax Programs Affect Farmland Conversion?," 2003 Annual meeting, July 27-30, Montreal, Canada 22100, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    15. Cheng, Mei-luan & Bills, Nelson L. & Francis, Joseph, 2006. "Historical and Spatial Analysis of High-Value Crop Production in the U.S," Working Papers 127063, Cornell University, Department of Applied Economics and Management.
    16. Bernd Pölling & Marcus Mergenthaler, 2017. "The Location Matters: Determinants for “Deepening” and “Broadening” Diversification Strategies in Ruhr Metropolis’ Urban Farming," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-19, July.
    17. Bernd Pölling, 2016. "Comparison of Farm Structures, Success Factors, Obstacles, Clients’ Expectations and Policy Wishes of Urban Farming’s Main Business Models in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(5), pages 1-23, May.
    18. Coisnon, Thomas & Oueslati, Walid & Salanié, Julien, 2014. "Urban sprawl occurrence under spatially varying agricultural amenities," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 38-49.
    19. Maynard, Leigh J. & Kelsey, Timothy W. & Lembeck, Stanford M. & Becker, John C., "undated". "Agricultural Conservation Easements and Farm Adaptation to Urbanizing Environments," Staff Paper Series 256849, Pennsylvania State University, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology.
    20. Cheng, Mei-luan & Gomez, Miguel I. & Bills, Nelson L., 2011. "Urban Agglomeration Economies in the U.S. Greenhouse and Nursery Production," Working Papers 126611, Cornell University, Department of Applied Economics and Management.
    21. Liu, Xiangping & Lynch, Lori, 2006. "Do Agricultural Preservation Programs Affect Farmland Conversion? Evidence from a Propensity Score Matching Estimator," Working Papers 28569, University of Maryland, Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics.

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